• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.87-90
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• 2008

Gynaecotyla squatarolae (Digenea: Microphallidae) adult flukes were recovered from experimental chicks at day 4-6 post-infection and their tegumental ultrastructure was observed with a scanning electron microscopy. They were pyriform in shape, and their anterior halves were concaved ventrally. The whole body surface was covered with tegumental spines, which were wide and 16-17 digitated between oral and ventral suckers. The density of spines and number of digits decreased posteriorly. The oral sucker was subterminal and the excretory pore was at the posterior end of the worm. Two ventral suckers were similar in appearance and protruded near midline of the worm. The genital atrium was dextral to the small ventral sucker. The dorsal surface was covered with tegumental spines, but the spines were sparser than on the ventral surface. On the middle portion of the dorsal surface, a small opening presumed to be the Laurer's canal was seen. From these findings, it has been confirmed that the adult G. squatarolae has unique characteristics in the surface ultrastructure.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2011

The growth rate of piglets will be decreased and the mortality of piglets will be increased in the postpartum sow with mastitis. The aim of this study was to isolate microorganisms from milk samples found in postpartum sows with suckling piglets and to further investigate antimicrobial susceptibility against isolated bacteria. Milk samples were collected from 567 udders of 42 lactating sows and the isolated bacteria was then identified. Isolated bacteria were tested with 12 antimicrobial agents. Bacteria were isolated from 260 milk samples (64.5%). Staphylococcus spp. were the most common microorganisms (74.5%) isolated from sow milk, followed by Streptococcus hyicus (53.9%), Staphylococcus epidermis (11.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.8%), and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (53.9%). In the Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae (5.1%) was isolated as was Streptococcus sanguinis (3.8%) and Streptococcus ovis (2.9%). Results indicated that bacteria isolated from healthy sow milk were mostly susceptible to cephalothin (88.0%), amikacin (85.3%) and cefoxitin (82.4%), but were resistant to streptomycin (10.0%), kanamycin (33.1%) and tetracycline (19.6%).

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.573-586
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• 2010

제충국 수집 5계통의 특성 및 추출 부위와 방법에 따른 살충효과 검정을 점박이응애, 벼멸구, 목화진딧물에 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 제충국 수집계통 중 0706 계통만 소화성의 폼폰 타입이고 나머지는 모두 아네모네 타입이었으며, 4월 하순부터 7월 초순 까지 개화하였으나, 0721은 개화기간이 11월 하순까지 지속되었다. 수집계통에서 0706을 제외한 모든 계통이 국내 겨울철 월동이 가능하였으며, 0718과 0721 계통은 장마철 고온기에 습해 피해가 높았다. 제충국 계통의 꽃을 에탄올로 추출한 0718계통이 점박이응애에 대해 5일째에 63.8%의 높은 살비율을 나타내었다. 에탄올에 유화제를 혼합하면 에탄올 단독으로 살포한 것 보다는 5일째에 살비율이 더 높아져 69.4%의 살비율을 나타내었다. 물로 추출하면 에탄올이나 에탄올+유화제 추출보다 효과가 떨어져 낮은 살비율을 나타내었다. 제충국 잎을 용매별로 추출하였을때 꽃 추출물보다 살비율이 낮았다. 제충국 꽃에 대한 벼멸구의 살충율은 에탄올에 유화제를 첨가하면 5일째에 65.4%의 비교적 높은 살충율을 나타내었다. 제충국 꽃에 대한 목화진딧물의 방제효과는 초기에는 어느 정도 유지되었으나 진딧물의 산자수가 증가하는 특성으로 인해 시간이 경과할수록 살충율은 하락하였다.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제69호
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• pp.563-592
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• 2017

이 논문 ""경제문감 별집"에 나타난 주례 이념"을 고찰한 글이다. 주지하다시피 삼봉(三峯) 정도전(鄭道傳)은 후세의 평가가 어떻든간에 조선의 건국이념을 제시하고 관료 체제의 정비에 이르기까지 그의 손을 거치지 않은 것이 없을 정도로 조선 왕조 500년의 기틀을 다진 인물이다. 정도전은 "주례"를 사회개혁의 이념 모델로 삼아 태조 3년(1394)에 "조선경국전"을 찬진(撰進)하였다. "조선경국전"은 정도전이 신왕조의 문물제도를 정하는 일환으로 저술한 새로운 법전(法典)의 지침서(指針書)로서, 신왕조의 지배 사상인 유교이념에 바탕을 두고 있다. 이에 비해 "경제문감"은 "조선경국전" 치전(治典)의 내용을 보완한 것으로, 주로 재상의 직책과 재상의 직무를 비롯해 대간(臺諫)과 감사(監査)는 물론 지방 수령의 직책에 대해 논했다면, "경제문감별집"은 임금의 도리를 논한 "군도(君道)"와 임금의 도리를 역철학(易哲學)의 입장에서 부연한 "의론"으로 구성되어 있다. 즉, "경제문감"이 중국과 우리나라 역대 왕조의 재상 제도의 변천과 득실(得失)은 물론 재상의 직책과 진퇴의 자세를 상세히 기술하였을 뿐만 아니라 대간(臺諫), 위병(衛兵), 감사(監司), 수령(首領)의 직책과 직무에 대해 논하고 있으며, "경제문감별집"은 군주는 절대 권력을 휘두르는 것이 아니라, 군주수신(君主修身)을 통해 마음을 바로잡고 덕을 닦아 어질고 유능한 재상을 임명해 정치하게 하는 상징적인 존재로서 기능해야 한다고 하였다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2017

중합효소연쇄반응법을 이용한 축산물 가공식품 내에 존재하는 소고기 성분을 특이적으로 검출할 수 있는 방법을 개발하기 위하여 축산물 가공식품 78종류를 무작위로 선별하였다. 가공식품으로부터 추출한 genomic DNA를 이용하여 소의 미토콘드리아 16S rRNA 염기서열을 이용하여 strain-specific primer를 직접 제작하여 중합효소연쇄반응을 수행한 후, 증폭된 반응산물의 염기서열을 분석 하였다. 축산물 가공식품 내 소고기 성분 검출을 위한 중합효소연쇄반응 수행 결과, 소고기 성분이 함유되어 있는 17개의 축산물 가공식품이 정확히 증폭되었고, 증폭산물의 DNA 염기서열 분석 결과 소의 미토콘드리아 16S rRNA 서열과 95% 이상의 상동성을 보였다. 본 실험에서 제시된 방법으로 축산물 가공식품 내 소고기 성분검출을 적용하였을 시, 소고기 성분이 함유된 축산물 가공식품을 정확하게 감별할 수 있었으며, 나아가 식품 원재료의 허위기재 등에 의한 불량식품 유통 근절 및 종교적 이유로 인한 금기 식품감별 등과 같은 과학적 식품 감시에 기여할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1747-1754
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 고정밀 하이브리드 온 칩 온도센서를 제안하였다. 제안된 온도센서에서는 SAR 타입 온도센서와 ${\Sigma}{\Delta}$타입 온도센서를 혼합하였다. SAR 타입 온도센서는 ${\Sigma}{\Delta}$타입 온도센서 보다 온도를 찾아가는 속도가 빠르지만 오차가 발생할 확률이 높은 단점이 있고, ${\Sigma}{\Delta}$ 타입 온도센서는 SAR 타입 온도센서 보다 정확하지만 속도가 느린 단점이 있다. 제안된 온도 센서는 두개의 온도 측정방법을 혼합하여 고정밀 고속 온도측정이 가능하다. 또한, 칩 제작 후 온도 오차 값을 메모리회로에 저장하여 온도 오차를 보상하는 회로를 포함하여 온도센서를 구현하였다. 제안된 온도센서는 $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정으로 제작되었다. 온도 정확도, 소비 전력, 칩 면적은 각각 $0.15^{\circ}C$, $540{\mu}W$, $1.2mm^2$였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of improving the quality of oriental medicinal herbs is to contribute to the improvement of the income of farm. The present study investigated the effect of reasonable drying methods, different storage conditions and packageing materials on quality and stability of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and for developing GAP (good agricultural practice) guide book. Methods and Results: Three methods of drying Scutellaria baicalensis roots produced over two years were used to estimate loss rate owing to drying, storage, and packaging. The methods of drying were categorized into natural drying (36 - 60 h by sunshine), drying with heat dryer (2 - 10 h), or drying with gas bulk dryer (2 - 10 h). After cleaning, and initial drying for a few days under controlled temperature conditions, the second phase of drying was carried out at 35, 45 and $55^{\circ}C$. Changes in hunter color values and quality under the two studied storage treatments (at $20^{\circ}C$ indoors and at $4^{\circ}C$ in a refigerator) were evaluated. Storage period for 60, 120, and 180 days in three packaging materials, PE (polyethylene package), PP (polypropylene gunnysack), and WP (watertight packing paper) were studied. Conclusions: Initial cleaning, reasonable gas drying and hot air drying, and drying in an oven at 35 and $45^{\circ}C$ after cutting the roots resulted in the lowest loss rates in S. Baicalensis root. Hunter color valuse indicated that stroage of dry roots at room temperature was better than PP packaging, and that cold stroage was better than PE packaging for long-term stability.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.435-441
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the quality of seeds, the germination rates and the days required for germination, to examine the patterns of protein expressions during the germination and to improve the techniques of managing and storing seeds and viability of the seeds of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc. After collecting and harvesting seeds, they were classified to white and brown colors of seed coat through testing their seed size, weight, and quality. The germination rates, the days required for germination, and the protein expressions were examined with different colors of seed coats, storing temperatures and durations by treating the different plant growth regulators and primings. One hundred seed weight of white color was heavier about 1.17 g than those of brown one about 0.81 g. The germination rates in white color of seed coat was higher, 3.05 ~ 5.75%, than those in brown one. Its rates were decreased with getting longer in storage durations. There was no big differences on germination rates between storage temperatures. The plant growth regulator of $GA_3$ and Kinetin was affected to improve the seed germination. $GA_3$ increased the seed germination clearly at 25 ppm level, while kinetin increased it gradually from 25 to 100 ppm levels. In germination by seed primings, PEG6000 made higher germination rate with increasing their levels, whereas $KNO_3$ increased the germination until 100 mM level and then decreased it with 200 mM unlike PEG6000. The protein expressed during the seed germination were appeared more and clearer bands in the seed after germination, especially 20 ~ 30 kDa, compared to those in the seed before germination. These results showing more and clearer bands were positively related to the germination rates which were different by seed colors, storage temperatures and durations, and plant growth regulators and primings.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2008

Recently, people are becoming fatter in most parts of the world. Obesity is regarded as an important risk factor to adversely affect the health of humans, associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, therefore, we tested the short time efficiency and safety of Bangpoongtongsungsan as a drug to decrease body weight in subjects with obesity. A total 48 volunteers (24 man, 24 woman) with body mass index (BMI : weight in kg divided by square of height in meters) of $23㎏/m^2$ participated in clinical study for 12 weeks, from 2008, March 01 to 2008, Jun 30. The subjects was received a dietary supplement of 12 pieces hard capsules per day (4 pieces in one, 3 times in a day) during the clinical study. At the end of clinical study, body weight of subjects was significantly decreased from $72.21{\pm}11.44\;kg$ to $70.53{\pm}11.67\;kg$ (p<0.05). Waist circumferences of subjects were reduced $91.58{\pm}6.43\;cm$ to $85.25{\pm}7.70\;cm$ (p<0.05). Also, a BMI of subjects was significantly decreased $26.07{\pm}2.35\;kg/m^2$ to $25.63{\pm}2.63\;kg/m^2$ (p<0.05). Particularly, a decrease in body weight, waist circumferences, and BMI was more significant in woman than man. But, other biochemical levels including lipid and glucose in plasma had no changes at the end of clinical study. In conclusion, administration of Bangpoongtongsungsan in subjects with high body weight fat could inhibit obesity associated with a decrease in body weight, waist circumferences, and BMI.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2015

This study was conducted to improve the postharvest storage techniques of managing and storing seeds, to test qualities and viabilities of the seeds and to examine the germination rate and the protein expression of Achyranthes japonica Nakai. The seeds collected from different areas of Je-Cheon and Gwang-Ju were stored with different temperatures and durations. Two plant growth regulators and two seed priming were treated to investigate their effect on the germination rates and the days required for germination. The weight of one hundred seed collected in Gwang-Ju was heavier than those in Je-Cheon. Seed length collected in Gwang-Ju was also longer about 5.12 mm than those in Je-Cheon about 4.90 mm and seed width was longer in Gwang-Ju than those in Je-Cheon. The rates of seed germination in two different collection areas were higher about 2.9 to 13.0% in Gwang-Ju compared to those in Je-Cheon. Comparing its rates with the storing temperatures and durations, they were not clearly different in between $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ and they also were gradually decreased with getting longer storing durations. The germination rates treated by plant growth regulators were higher with $GA_3$ than those with Kinetin. The highest seed germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm of $GA_3$. Comparing its rates with different seed priming, they were relatively higher with $KNO_3$ than those with PEG6000. In protein expression patterns between before the germinating and after the germinating of seeds, more and clear bands were appeared in the seed after the germination compared to those before the germination of seeds, especially 10 ~ 20 kDa. These results showing more and clear bands were more clearly appeared in Gwang-Ju compared to Je-Cheon. Comparing the protein expression with plant growth regulators and seed primings, $GA_3$ was better expression than those with Kinetin and $KNO_3$ was better than those with PEG6000. More and clear bands were closely related to the germination rates of seeds and more detailed studies would be required.