• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권3_spc호
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• pp.345-353
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• 2021

Phytobiotics, also known as phytochemicals or phytogenics, have a wide variety of biological activities and have recently emerged as alternatives to synthetic antibiotic growth promoters. Numerous studies have reported the growth-promoting effects of phytobiotics in chickens, but their precise mechanism of action is yet to be elucidated. Phytobiotics are traditionally known for their antioxidant activity. However, extensive investigations have shown that these compounds also have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and transcription-modulating effects. Phytobiotics are non-nutritive constituents, and their bioavailability is low. Nonetheless, their beneficial effects have been observed in several tissues or organs. The health benefits of the ingestion of phytobiotics are attributed to their antioxidant activity. However, several studies have revealed that not all these benefits could be explained by the antioxidant effects alone. In this review, I focused on the bioavailability of phytobiotics and the possible mechanisms underlying their overall effects on intestinal barrier functions, inflammatory status, gut microbiota, systemic inflammation, and metabolism, rather than the specific effects of each compound. I also discuss the possible mechanisms by which phytobiotics contribute to growth promotion in chickens.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.490-502
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• 2022

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and it is among the most destructive pathogen responsible for severe yield losses. Potential bacterial biocontrol agents (BCAs) with plant growth promotion (PGP) abilities can be applied to better manage the BLB disease and increase crop yield, compared to current conventional practices. Thus, this study aimed to isolate, screen, and identify potential BCAs with PGP abilities. Isolation of the BCAs was performed from internal plant tissues and rhizosphere soil of healthy and Xoo-infected rice. A total of 18 bacterial strains were successfully screened for in vitro antagonistic ability against Xoo, siderophore production and PGP potentials. Among the bacterial strains, 3 endophytes, Bacillus sp. strain USML8, Bacillus sp. strain USML9, and Bacillus sp. strain USMR1 which were isolated from diseased plants harbored the BCA traits and significantly reduced leaf blight severity of rice. Simultaneously, the endophytic BCAs also possessed plant growth promoting traits and were able to enhance rice growth. Application of the selected endophytes (BCAs-PGP) at the early growth stage of rice exhibited potential in suppressing BLB disease and promoting rice growth.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1250-1258
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• 2009

Bacillus spp., as a type of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), were studied with regards promoting plant growth and inducing plant systemic resistance. The results of greenhouse experiments with tobacco plants demonstrated that treatment with the Bacillus spp. significantly enhanced the plant height and fresh weight, while clearly lowering the disease severity rating of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) at 28 days post-inoculation (dpi). The TMV accumulation in the young non-inoculated leaves was remarkably lower for all the plants treated with the Bacillus spp. An RT-PCR analysis of the signaling regulatory genes Coil and NPR1, and defense genes PR-1a and PR-1b, in the tobacco treated with the Bacillus spp. revealed an association with enhancing the systemic resistance of tobacco to TMV. A further analysis of two expansin genes that regulate plant cell growth, NtEXP2 and NtEXP6, also verified a concomitant growth promotion in the roots and leaves of the tobacco responding to the Bacillus spp.

• 식물병연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2016

식물 생장촉진근권세균 B. vallismortis BS07M을 점토로 제형화한 제제(CP)는 고추의 생육촉진 및 병저항성 유도 효과를 보였다. CP를 육묘 상토에 혼합하는 것은 기존의 세균 현탁액을 유묘 또는 포장에서 재배 중에 관주 살포하는 방법에 비해 비교적 사용하기 쉽고, 그 효과가 포장에서도 지속됨으로써 고추의 열매 개당 무게를 증가시켰으며, 수확 후 저장 중에 자연적으로 발생하는 무름 증상을 감소시킴으로써 보관기간을 늘리는 효과가 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1349-1360
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• 2015

The rhizospheric zone abutting plant roots usually clutches a wealth of microbes. In the recent past, enormous genetic resources have been excavated with potential applications in host plant interaction and ancillary aspects. Two Pseudomonas strains were isolated and identified through 16S rRNA and rpoD sequence analyses as P. fluorescens QAU67 and P. putida QAU90. Initial biochemical characterization and their root-colonizing traits indicated their potential role in plant growth promotion. Such aerobic systems, involved in gluconic acid production and phosphate solubilization, essentially require the pyrroloquinoline quinine (PQQ)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) in the genome. The PCR screening and amplification of GDH and PQQ and subsequent induction of mutagenesis characterized their possible role as antioxidants as well as in growth promotion, as probed in vitro in lettuce and in vivo in rice, bean, and tomato plants. The results showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in parameters of plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight, etc., deciphering a clear and in fact complementary role of GDH and PQQ in plant growth promotion. Our study not only provides direct evidence of the in vivo role of GDH and PQQ in host plants but also reveals their functional inadequacy in the event of mutation at either of these loci.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.663-670
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• 2018

이 연구는 5가지 물질로 구성된 혼합물의 항산화 및 모발 성장 촉진 효과를 확인하기 위해 수행되었다. 발효 5종 혼합물은 적양파, 늙은 호박, 검은콩, 솔잎, 검은깨, 발효 2종 혼합물은 적양파, 늙은 호박으로 구성되어있다. 항산화 효과는 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성 및 총 플라보노이드 함량으로 측정하였다. 발효 5종 혼합물은 발효 2종 혼합물보다 높은 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성과 플라보노이드 함량을 보였다. 모발 성장 효과는 생체 내 실험을 통해 검증되었다. 알칼리성 인산가수 분해효소(ALP), ${\gamma}$-글루타밀트랜스펩티다아제(${\gamma}-GT$) 및 육안적 관찰을 통해 측정하였다. 실험동물은 샘플에 따라 물(NOR), 판시딜(P-CON), 발효 5종 혼합물(5NC), 발효 2종 혼합물(2NC) 총 4군으로 나눴다. 샘플은 일정한 시간에 하루 1번 4주 동안 경구투여하였다. 5NC군에서 ALP, ${\gamma}-GT$ 활성 모두 2NC에 비해 증가하였다. 육안적 관찰에서 P-CON군은 털이 가장 길고 면도 전의 상태와 유사하였다. 5NC군은 P-CON군과 유사한 수준으로 털이 자랐다. 모든 결과에서 발효 5종 혼합물은 발효 2종 혼합물 보다 높은 항산화 효과와 모발 성장 촉진 효과를 보였다. 결론적으로 발효 5종 혼합물은 유용한 모발 성장 촉진제의 원료로 사용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.190-190
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• 2017

Chemical fertilizers have been used to increase crop production and contributed to escaping food shortages. However, excessive use of chemical fertilizers over a long period caused many problems such as environmental pollution and the hampered production potential of the land. Thus, it is necessary to develop eco-friendly bio-fertilizers that can replace the use of chemical fertilizers. Here, we tested the effect of some nitrogen-fixing microorganims on the plant growth promotion. Seventy free-living nitrogen fixing microorganisms were isolated from rhizosphere of crop cultivation fields, streamside soils and sludge in Ansung, Korea. Of them, three strains (NF2-4-1, Yeast; EMM409, Mesorhizobium; Gsoil662, Burkholderia) were selected to be most efficient in the capacity of N-fixing nitrogen based on colony forming cell assay in N-free media. To investigate the ability to promote plant growth, these strains were inoculated into the soil and cabbage were grown for 4 weeks in the grown chamber. Fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf area were measured from 4-week-old plants. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the growth of the plants inoculated with NF2-4-1 and EMM409 strains were significantly promoted compared to the mock-treated control plants, while Gsoil662-inoculated plants did not show statically significant promotion. These results indicate that these nitrogen-fixing microorganims can be used to develop plant growth promoting bio-fertilizers. Further analysis on nitrogen fixing level in soil by these strains will be tested.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.321-334
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• 2014

국내 식물자원 및 약용식물들의 식물 생장촉진 효과를 조사하기 위하여 64종 65점의 추출물 시료를 조제하여 벼(Oryza sativa) 유묘 생장에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 11종 12점의 쑥(Artemisia princeps) 경엽, 엉겅퀴(Cirsium japonicum var. maackii) 전초, 진달래(Rhododendron mucronulatum) 가지와 잎, 갈대(Phragmites communis) 줄기, 율무(Coix lacrymajobi var. mayuen) 전초, 싸리(Lespedeza bicolor) 가지와 잎, 산수국(Hydrangea serrata f. acuminata) 전초, 속단(Phlomis umbrosa) 전초, 감초(Glycyrrhiza uralensis) 근경, 감초(G. uralensis) 경엽, 당귀(Angelica gigas) 뿌리 및 천궁(Cnidium officinale) 근경 추출물은 벼 유묘 생장을 촉진시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 결과에 따라 상기 식물 종의 부위들은 식물 생장촉진용 농가 자가제조 액비 개발을 위한 소재로써 활용가능성이 있는 것으로 판명되었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.323-331
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• 2013

TGF-${\beta}$ pathway is being extensively evaluated as a potential therapeutic target. The transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$) signaling pathway has the dual role in both tumor suppression and tumor promotion. To design cancer therapeutics successfully, it is important to understand TGF-${\beta}$ related functional contexts. This review discusses the molecular mechanism of the TGF-${\beta}$ pathway and describes the different ways of tumor suppression and promotion by TGF-${\beta}$. In the last part of the review, the data on targeting TGF-${\beta}$ pathway for cancer treatment is assessed. The TGF-${\beta}$ inhibitors in pre-clinical studies, and Phase I and II clinical trials are updated.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2003년도 제10차 국제학술회의 및 추계정기 학술발표회
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• pp.47-47
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• 2003

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown to suppress phytopthora blight. This suppression has been related to both microbial antagonism and induced resistance. The PGPR isolates were screened by dual culture plate method and most of the isolates were showed varyinglevels of antagonism. Among the PGPR isolates pyoverdin, pyochelin and salicylic acid producing strains showed the maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici and increased plant growth promotion in red pepper. PGPR isolatesfurther analysed for its ability to induce production of defence related enzymes and chemicals. The activities such as Phenyle alanin ammonia lyase (PAL), Peroxidase (PO), Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and accumulation of phenolics were observed in PGPR pretreated red pepper plants challenged with Phytophthora capsici. The present study shows that an addition of direct antagonism and plant growth promotion, induction of defense related enzymes involved to enhance resistance against invasion of P. capsici in red pepper.