• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.445-457
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• 2020

Prebiotics are defined as "Nondigestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and activity of bacteria in the intestine" and as defined improve host health. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium lactis BB12 and Bifidobacterium longum BB536) growth enhancer (BE0623) supplement as a prebiotic. The addition of BE0623, a growth promoting material for bifidobacteria, significantly increased bifidobacteria viable cells counts in fermented milk by about 45 to 75 times compared to the non-added control group. In addition, microscopic observation showed a significant effect on proliferation of bifidobacteria in fermented milk with added BE0623. The viable cell counts in bifidobacteria also increased roughly 102-fold compared to the control group (non-added BE0623) and was higher than that of commercial growth promoters. Each fraction obtained though the purification of BE0623 influenced the increase of bifidobacteria growth. Culturing bifidobacteria with a combination of fractions of BE0623 had a synergistic effect compared to culturing bifidobacteria with each fraction individually. When any of the fractions were not added, the effect of the growth enhancer on bifidobacteria was reduced. These results indicate that all fractions contain substances that promote the growth of bifidobacteria. Therefore, BE0623 is considered to be available as a growth promoting material for bifidobacterium.

• 환경생물
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.536-541
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• 2021

Pantala flavescens is a dominant Odonata species in the rice fields in Korea. To determine the effects of different temperatures on its larval growth and emergence, field and laboratory experiments were conducted. Larval growth was also monitored in mono-cropping and double-cropping rice fields. The growth of larvae was monitored every week by measuring the head width. In the field experiment, no difference was found in larval growth and emergence between the control temperature and +1.9℃ of the control temperature. The larval growth was greater at 23℃ than at 20℃ laboratory temperatures, and no emergence was recorded at either temperature after eight weeks of monitoring. There was a quadratic relationship between larval growth and temperature in an incubator at five temperature regimes of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35℃. Midseason water drainage caused the extinction of the existing individuals and newly hatched larvae dominated after re-watering in the rice fields. Larval size was greater in double-cropping fields than in mono-cropping fields in late July but the tendency was reversed in early August. The results of this study suggest that temperature warming will directly promote the larval growth of P. flavescens and indirectly influence seasonal growth via changes in water management in rice fields.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Bojungikgitang-gagambang (BJIG) on longitudinal bone growth in rats. Methods: The BJIG treated group (300 mg/kg) and the control group (vehicle) were administered orally twice daily for 4 days. To investigate the effects of BJIG we measured body weight gain. The bone growth effect was analyzed by measuring between fluorescent lines marked with tetracycline, which plays the role of fluorescent dye on the surface of the tibia. Tetracycline was intraperitoneally injected. The height of growth plates in the epiphyseal plate was measured. The expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and insuline-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Results: BJIG caused a significant acceleration of longitudinal bone growth of $349.7{\pm}15.9{\mu}m/day$ compared to control ($319.8{\pm}21.4{\mu}m/day$). The height of overall growth plate was not significantly more compared to the control, but the size of cells in the proliferative zone and hypertrophic zone were. In the immunohistochemistry, BMP-2 and IGF-1 were expressed markedly in the proliferative or hypertrophic zone, respectively. Conclusions: BJIG stimulated the chondrocyte hypertrophy and chondrogenesis in the growth plate and directly increased the longitudinal tibia length of rats.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2000

The growth-strain method was used for shape optimization of multi-connected structures. It was verified that the growth-strain method is very effective for shape optimization of structures with only one free surface to be deformed. But it could not provide reasonable optimized shape for multi-connected structures, when the growth-strain method is applied as it is. The purpose of this study is to improve the growth-strain method for shape optimization of multi-connected two- and three- dimensional structures. In order to improve, the problems that occurred as the growth-strain method was applied to multi-connected structures were examined, and then the improved method was suggested. The effectiveness and practicality of the developed shape optimization system was verified by numerical examples.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2018

본 연구는 뉴로피드백 훈련을 적용하여 생활습관을 조절하는 자기조절력과 키 성장간의 상관성을 규명함으로 써 키 성장의 효과적인 중재 방안에 대한 해법을 제시하고자 실시하였다. 이를 위해 키 성장 프로그램을 실시하고 있는 초등학교 2학년~4학년 학생 40명(실험군 20명, 대조군 20명) 대상으로 뉴로피드백 훈련 전 후의 변화를 확인하였다. 실험기간은 3개월간(주 2회), 훈련시간은 1회 30분이였다. 뉴로피드백 훈련을 적용한 실험군과 대조군의 자기조절력 차이를 분석한 후, 키 성장 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 첫째, 뉴로피드백 훈련을 적용한 실험군이 대조군에 비해 자기조절력에 유의미한 변화가 있었다. 둘째, 뉴로피드백 훈련을 적용한 실험군이 대조군에 비해 더 크게 키 성장의 변화가 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 뉴로피드백 훈련이 성장기 학생들에게 있어 키 성장의 후천적 요인들 중 생활습관을 조절하는 자기조절력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 그로 인해 키 성장에도 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것이 확인되었다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.149-169
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• 2002

This study was designed to observe the efficacy of Boyangsengjang-Tang(BST) on the growth of rats. The effects on growth, and the secretion of hormones in the serum was measure. Male BALA/C mice(weight 20-25g), and male ICR rats(weigh 120-150g), were each divided into 3 groups : Sample A, Sample B and a Control group. Each group consisted of 4 mice and 5 rats. Mice received $5{\mu}{\ell}$ BST, and rats received $50{\mu}{\ell}$ BST, daily. Sample A was administered with normal BST for 3 weeks. Sample B was was administered with 10 times the normal amount of BST for 3 weeks. Control group was administered with normal saline for 3 weeks. The body weight, body length, subcutaneous fat, length of femur, serum GH, serum IGFBP-3 and serum in TSH were measured at 1, 2, and 3 weeks. The results were as follows ; 1. The body weigh of the rats increased significantly in Sample A after 3 weeks when compared with control group. 2. The body length in rats increased significantly in Sample A when compared with control group. 3. The amount of subcutaneous fat in the mice increased significantly in Sample B after 1 week when compared with control group. The amount of subcutaneous fat in rats increased significantly in Sample A and Sample B after 3 weeks when compared with the control group. 4. The length of the femur in rats increased significantly in Sample in A and Sample B in 1, 2, and 3 weeks when compared with the control group. 5. The level of GH, IGFBP-3 and TSH in the serum was not statically different when compared with the control group. According to the above results, BST (which reinforces the Kidney's Yang and strengthens muscle and bone) increases body weight, body length, subcutaneous fat and the length of the femur when compaired with the control group. BST therefore seems to improve growth.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.286-296
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• 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of soil microbial fertilizer (SMF) containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae HS-1 and Streptococcus thermophiles HS-2 on the growth of creeping bentgrass. For the pot experiment, the treatments were as follows: no fertilizer (NF), control (3 N g/m²/month), SMF-1 (control+SMF 2 mL/m²/time), and SMF-2 (control+SMF 4 mL/m²/time). For the plot experiment, the treatments were as follows: NF, control, SMFp-1 (control+SMF 1 mL/m²/time), SMFp-2 (control+SMF 2 mL/m²/time), and SMFp-3 (control+SMF 4 mL/m²/time). In the pot experiment, visual turfgrass quality and the uptake amount of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) were increased under the SMF treatments, whereas the content of chlorophyll (a, b, and a+b) and clipping yield were not considerably different compared with the control. In the pot experiment, the amount of SMF positively correlated with visual turfgrass quality and uptake amount of N and K. In the plot experiment, turfgrass density was increased by 12.9-19.2% under SMFp treatments compared with the control. These results indicated that the application of SMF containing Sa. cerevisiae HS-1 and St. thermophiles HS-2 improved the quality, density, and growth of creeping bentgrass via prompting the uptake of N and K.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2000

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different lupin kernel levels on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing and finishing pigs. In experiment 1, a total of 54 barrows and 54 growing gilts, with an average initial body weight of $24.7{\pm}0.38kg$, was used to determine the effect of different lupin kernel levels (0, 10% and 20%; Control, LK10 and LK20, respectively) in the diets on growth performance with a $3{\times}3$ randomized complete block design for 35 days. There were no significant differences in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed:gain among treatments. In experiment 2, a total of 54 barrows and 36 finishing gilts, with an average initial body weight of $63.0{\pm}0.56kg$, was used to determine the effect of different lupin kernel levels (0, 15% and 30%; Control, LK15 and LK30, respectively) in the diets on growth performance and carcass characteristics with a $3{\times}3$ randomized complete block design for 63 days. LK30 decreased ADG and ADFI compared with the Control and LK15 (p<0.05). However, LK30 tended to improve feed:gain compared with the Control and LK15. And LK15 did not differ from the Control in ADG, ADFI and feed:gain. With inclusion of lupin kernel in the finishing diet, backfat thickness increased (p<0.01) and carcass grade tended to be improved compared with the Control.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 1992

잔디(Zoysia japonica)의 1차 생산성과 광조건과 상호작용을 평가하고 생리생태학적인 특성을 규명하기 위하여 차광을 조절한 상태에서 인공군락의 물질생산과 성장해석에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 그 결과의 요약은 다음과 같이 하였다. 1. RGR은 각 시험구 공히 이식후 20일경까지의 생장과정에서 높게 나타나고 이후 생장이 진행됨에 따라 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 차광율이 높고 광조사 시간이 짧을수록 이식후 초기생장부터 현저히 낮은 치를 보였다. 2. NAR은 이식후 초기생장과정에서 높은치를 보였고 이후 생장이 진행됨에 따라 낮은 치를 나타내었으며 차광율이 높고 광조사 시간이 짧을수록 현저히 낮은 치를 보였다. 3. LAR은 Control구와 30% 차광구에서 이식후 초기생장과정에서 증가율이 높게 나타났으나 50% 및 70% 차광에서는 이식후 40일 이후부터 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. LAR은 RGR에 대하여 역의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 4. CGR은 각 공히 이식후 50일까지는 생장이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. LAI와는 정의 상관을 나타내었고 최적엽면적 지수는 Control구와 30%, 50% 및 70% 차광구에서 각각 2.10, 1.75, 1.25, 0.90으로 나타났다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2022

딸기 수경재배 시 일사비례제어를 이용하여 생육단계별 적정 누적일사량 기준을 설정하고자 수행하였다. 급액 방법은 외부 일사량을 기준으로 일정 누적 일사량에 도달하면 급액하였고 누적 일사량 기준은 150, 200J·cm^-2과 생육단계에 따라 200J·cm^-2에서 150J·cm^-2로 변경하는 처리를 두었다. 타이머 제어는 대조구로 설정하였다. 월별 평균 급액 횟수는 누적 일사량이 많은 3월에 150 J·cm^-2과 생육단계별(150J·cm^-2) 처리구가 5.6회, 누적일사량이 적은 12월에 200J·cm^-2과 생육단계별(200J·cm^-2) 처리구가 2.7회, 타이머는 3.6-3.8회였다. 수분이용효율은 주당 총 급액량이 적었던 타이머 처리구가 19.8g·L^-1로 일사제어 처리구에 비해 낮았다. 일사제어에 따른 생육 및 과실 특성은 차이가 없었다. 생육단계별 처리구가 총 상품과 수량은 주당 328g, 상품과율 85.3%로 가장 높았다. 딸기 수경재배 시 일사비례 급액제어 방식은 재배기간 동안 동일한 누적일사량 기준보다 생육단계별로 누적일사량을 조절하는 것이 과실의 수량 향상에 도움이 되었다.