• 한국재료학회지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.710-714
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of additives and composition on copper surface morphology and mechanical characteristics by copper electrodeposition. Additives such as hydroxy ethyl cellulose(HEC), chloride ion were used in this study. Electrochemical experiments allied to SEM, XRD, AFM and four- point probe were performed to characterize the morphology and mechanical characters of copper in the presence of additives. Among various electrodeposition conditions, the minimum surface roughness of copper foil was obtained when electrodeposited at the current density of 200 mA/$cm^2$ for 68 seconds with 2 ppm of HEC. The minimum value of surface roughness(Rms) was 107.6 nm. It is copper foil is good for electromigration inhibition due to preferential crystal growth of Cu (111) deposited in the electrolyte containing chloride ions(10 ppm) and HEC(1 ppm).

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제26권
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• pp.45-54
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to develope street trees management program for more an effective street trees management. The principal point of this program is to relate spatial data and attribute data that is the main concept in GIS(Geographic Information System). To do this function, MapObjects which is ESRI's mapping and GIS components was used to process spatial data and Access which had been developed by MS was used to manipulate attribute data in this program. Visual Basic also was used to design and develop user interfaces and procedures, relate two sort of data, and lastly complete Application. Relational data model was adopted to design tables and their relation, Antenucci's GIS development model was selected to design and complete this program. The configuration of this application is composed of management data and reference data. The management data includes the location of street tree, a growth condition, a surrounding environment, the characters of tree, an equipments, a management records and etc. The reference data include general information about tree, blight and insects.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2010

Anthers of sweet pepper $F_1$ cultivar 'Special' were cultured on Dumas De Vaulx (C medium), supplemented with $0.1mgL^{-1}$ 2, 4-D and $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ kinetin with 3% sucrose, and 0.32% phytagel. The calluses obtained were further sub-cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without growth regulators for regeneration. Regenerated plantlets were grown in plastic pots under plastic house and characterized their cytological and morphological characters in spring, 2008. Twenty percent plantlets were identified as haploid plants after chromosome and ploidy analysis. Haploid plants contained 12 chromosomes, high stomatal density with small stomatal length as compared to diploid plants. Stomatal length in haploids was 23.3% smaller than diploids. Haploid plants were characterized as small leaf and petiole size, poor vigor, thin stem and short plant height, short internodes and small flower buds, fruit size and fruit weight as compared to diploid plants and most of the haploid fruits were seedless. SP55, SP62, SP68, SP72 and SP77 are found high yielding double haploids with high total soluble content (8.6, 8.7, 9.2, 9.1 and $9.8^{\circ}Brix$, respectively) and desirable fruit shape, and recommended them to exploit as inbred lines for heterosis breeding.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2021

Bioinformatics is formed with a blend of biology and informatics technologies and it employs the statistical methods and approaches for attending the concerning issues in the domains of nutrition, medical research and towards reviewing the living environment. The ceaseless growth of DNA sequencing technologies has resulted in the production of voluminous genomic data especially the DNA sequences thus calling out for increased storage and bandwidth. As of now, the bioinformatics confronts the major hurdle of management, interpretation and accurately preserving of this hefty information. Compression tends to be a beacon of hope towards resolving the aforementioned issues. Keeping the storage efficiently, a methodology has been recommended which for attending the same. In addition, there is introduction of a competent algorithm that aids in exact matching of small pattern. The DNA representation sequence is then implemented subsequently for determining 2 bases to 6 bases matching with the remaining input sequence. This process involves transforming of DNA sequence into an ASCII symbols in the first level and compress by using LZ77 compression method in the second level and after that form the grid variables with size 3 to hold the 100 characters. In the third level of compression, the compressed output is in the grid variables. Hence, the proposed algorithm S_Pattern DNA gives an average better compression ratio of 93% when compared to the existing compression algorithms for the datasets from the UCI repository.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.472-481
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• 2022

Brown blotch disease, caused by Pseudomonas tolaasii, is one of the most serious diseases in mushroom cultivation, and its control remains an important issue. This study isolated and evaluated pathogen-specific bacteriophages for the biological control of the disease. In previous studies, 23 varieties of P. tolaasii were isolated from infected mushrooms with disease symptoms and classified into three subtypes, Ptα, Ptβ, and Ptγ, based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis and pathogenic characters. In this study, 42 virulent bacteriophages were isolated against these pathogens and tested for their host range. Some phages could lyse more than two pathogens only within the corresponding subtype, and no phage exhibited a wide host range across different pathogen subtypes. To eliminate all pathogens of the Ptα, Ptβ, and Ptγ subtype, corresponding phages of one, six, and one strains were required, respectively. These phages were able to suppress the disease completely, as confirmed by the field-scale on-farm cultivation experiments. These results suggested that a cocktail of these eight phages is sufficient to control the disease induced by all 23 P. tolaasii pathogens. Additionally, the antibacterial effect of this phage cocktail persisted in the second cycle of mushroom growth on the cultivation bed.

• ALGAE
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.33-47
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• 2022

Two new species of Pseudostaurosiropsis are described based on material collected from rivers in southern United States of America, P. californicus sp. nov. and P. elaboratus sp. nov. Both species have specific characters that set them apart from taxa currently ascribed to the genus. Pseudostaurosiropsis californicus sp. nov. has lanceolate valves with subrostrate, broadly rounded apices, an axial area at the same level as the virgae in internal and external views and both are at the same level as striae in external view, the spine tips are dentate and their growth is produced by filamentous extensions, and it has equal-sized apical pore fields on both valve extremes. On the other hand, P. elaboratus sp. nov. has heavily silicified valves, the virgae are slender than the striae in outer view and wider in inner view, it only has a single, externally occluded apical pore field on one valve extreme, and the spines have a solid core. All species within Pseudostaurosiropsis are contrasted with one another and unique features are described for each based on literature and newly collected image data from type material. The genus is reconsidered and two distinguishing features are recognized: rotae externally occluding the areolae and areolae that are funnel-shaped. These features are contrasted with those in other genera and additional published species that should be included in Pseudostaurosiropsis are discussed.

• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2024

This study aims to investigate the impact of character collaboration product characteristics on brand awareness and purchase intention within the food and beverage (F&B) industry, with a special focus on Generation MZ's growing interest in such products. The methodology involves a comprehensive review of existing literature on character marketing, brand awareness, and consumer purchase intention, supplemented by case studies of successful character collaborations in the F&B sector. The findings reveal that character collaborations significantly impact brand awareness and purchase intentions, particularly among younger consumers like Generation MZ. These collaborations not only rekindle nostalgia but also introduce new and exciting consumer experiences, effectively attracting a wide demographic. The success of character-themed products, from Pokémon bread to Coca-Cola's League of Legends collaboration, underscores the strategy's effectiveness in boosting brand recognition and consumer engagement. The implications of this research are manifold for the F&B industry. Firstly, it highlights the importance of leveraging popular characters to forge emotional connections with consumers. Secondly, it suggests that product development should closely align with consumer preferences and market trends to maximize appeal. Lastly, it positions character collaboration as a strategic marketing tool that not only enhances product sales but also strengthens brand loyalty and facilitates sustained brand growth.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.307-313
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• 1997

발아율을 증가시키기 위하여 실험실에서 수행된 초롱꽃과 약용작물의 종자처리(種子處理)가 출아율(出芽率)과 유묘생장(幼苗生長)을 촉진할 수 있는가를 검토하기 위하여 도라지, 더덕 및 만삼 종자를 파종 전 증류수에 2일간 침지하거나, $Ca(NO_3)_2$ 150 mM에 2일간 priming 또는 $GA_3$ 0.1 mM에 3일간 침지한 3개(個) 처리(處理)로 구분하여 유묘 출아율(幼苗 出芽率)과 파종 38일 후에 유묘생장(幼苗生長)을 조사하였으며 만삼의 출아율(出芽率)이 낮은 원인을 구명하기 위하여 전자현미경으로 종자의 내부구조를 관찰하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유묘 출아율(幼苗 出芽率)에서 도라지는 Priming과 $GA_3$ 처리, 더덕은 $GA_3$ 처리, 만삼은 priming처리에서 증류수로 침지 처리하는 것보다 높았고, 출아소요일수(出芽所要日數)도 도라지와 더덕은 대조구(對照區)에 비하여 $GA_3$처리로 단축되었다. 2. 공시종(供試種) 모두 하경축장(下經軸長)은 처리간 차이가 없었던 반면, 도라지와 더덕은 priming처리로 초장(草長)은 짧고 주당엽수(株當葉數)도 적었으나 만삼은 차이가 없었다. 3. 지상부중, 근중(地上部重, 根重) 또는 주당 건물중(株當 乾物重)은 대조구(對照區)에 비하여 $GA_3$ 처리에서 높은 반면, priming 처리에서 낮았다. 4. 만삼의 출아율저조원인(出芽率低調原因)은 무경(無經), 천(賤)의 형태적(形態的) 결함(缺陷) 등 종자구조에서 비롯되는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제11권
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• pp.43-54
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• 1993

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 벼에 있어서 냉해(冷害)로 인(因)하여 매년(每年) 막대한 수확량(收穫量)의 감소(減少)를 생육시기별(生有時期別) 생장조절제(生長調節劑) 처리(處理)에 의한 재배적(栽培的) 방법(方法)을 통하여 그 피해(被害)를 감소(減少)시키고, 생장조절제(生長調節劑)에 대한 벼의 생리학적(生理學的) 활동(活動)과 농업적(農業的) 특성(特性), 수량구성요소(收量構成要素), 근활력(根活力), Chlorophyll 함량(含量) 등(等)의 변화(變化)를 통하여 수확량(收穫量)에 관계(關係)는 요소(要素)를 규명(糾明)하고, 벼 재배(栽培) 방법(力法)에 있어서 기초(基礎) 자료(資科)로써 이용(利用)하고자 실시(實施)하여 얻은 실험결과(實驗結果)는 다음과 같다. 저온(低溫)조건하에서 처리(處理)된 모든 생장조절제(生長調節劑)는 농도(濃度)에 관계(關係)없이 초장(草長), 분니 등의 벼 생유지연(生有遲延)을 다소 경감(輕減)시켰으며, 특(特)히 ABA는 농도(濃度)에 관계(關係)없이 초장(草長), 분니수등에 있어서 다른 생장조절제(生長調節劑)보다 그 효과(效果)가 두드러진 것을 알 수 있었다. 저온(低溫) 조건하(條件下)에서의 chlorophyll함량(含量)은 무처리구(無處理品)에 비하여 감소(減少)되나 식물생장조절제(植物生長調節劑)를 처리(處理)함으로써 Chlorophyll함량(含量)이 증가(增加)되었고, 또한 근활력(根活力)도 chlorophyll함량(含量)과 같은 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 생육(生有) 초기(初期)의 생장(生長) 조절제(調節劑)의 처리(處理)는 수량(收量) 구성요소(構成要素)의 감소(減少)를 경감(輕減)시켜 주었으며, 이는 수량(收量)에 직후(直接) 영향(影響)을 미쳐 냉해(冷害)로 인(因)한 수량감소(收量減少)를 경향(經向)시켰으며, 특(特)히 Abscissic acid처리(處理)의 효과(效果)는 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 그러나 저온하(低溫下)에서 수잉기때 생장조절제(生長調節劑) 처리(處理)는 영양생장(營養生長)에 별다른 효과(效果)를 나타내지 않았으나 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)에는 다소 영향(影響)을 미쳐 수량(收量)에 관여(關與)하는 것으로 나타났다. 저온조건하(低溫條件下)에서의 생장조절제(生長調節劑)의 처리(處理)는 처리시기(處理時期)에 따라 다소 차이(差異)가 있지만 수량손실(收量損失) 경감(輕減)에 크게 영향(影響)을 미친 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.385-397
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• 2006

토성과 재배방법을 달리한 논에서의 콩 재배 시 국내 육성 콩 품종의 생육반응과 수량성을 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 토성이 다른 논에서의 콩 재배시 공시 품종들의 지상부와 지하부의 생육은 점질토 논 보다 사양토 논에서 높은 경향인 반면, 고휴재배의 효과는 사양토 보다 점질토 시험구에서 뚜렷하였다. 특히 지하부의 근류균 형성은 토성간의 차이가 컸는데, 사양토 시험구에 비해 점질토 시험구에서 근류의 형성이 매우 불량하였다. 토성 간 공시품종들의 생육반응 차이는 다양한데, 태광콩과 은하콩이 두 토성 모두에서 경장이 가장 컸으나, 분지수와 협수는 은하중이 가장 많았다. 은하콩의 경우 점질토 시험구에서의 생육특성에서 우수하였으나, 고휴재배 시 생육특성이 평휴보다 우수하였다. 토성 간 염면적 변화에 있어서, V5와 R2 시기에는 사양토 논에서 그리고 R5 시기에는 점질토 논에서 엽면적 지수가 높았다 태광중은 전 생육기에 걸쳐 엽면적 지수가 가장 높았으며, 대원콩은 생육 초기 점질토 시험구에서 잎의 발달이 가장 미약하였으나 생육 후기에는 크게 증가하였다. 조생종인 화성풋콩은 생육초기 엽면적 지수가 다른 품종에 비해 높았으나 생육기 진전에 따른 염면적 증가가 공시품종 중 가장 적어 두 토성 모두에서 습해의 피해정도가 가장 크게 나타났다. 지상부 건물중에 있어서, V5 시기에는 재배방법 보다 토성이 지상부 생육에 영향을 더 많이 준 반면, R2와 R5 시기에는 재배방법 간의 지상부 생육차이가 더 컸다. 특히 R5 시기에는 점질토와 사양토 시험구 모두에서 고휴재배가 평휴재배보다 지상부 건물중이 크게 높았다. 근건중 변화에 있어서, 생육초기에는 토성 및 재배방법에 따른 지하부 근건물중의 변이가 크지 않았으나 R5 시기의 근건중은 재배방법 및 품종 간 통계적 유의성을 보였다. 태광콩과 대원콩은 점질토와 사양토 시험구 모두에서 근건중이 가장 높은 수준이었으나, 화성풋콩은 지하부 생육이 가장 낮았다. 등숙기인 R8시기의 수량구성 요소 및 수량성을 조사한 결과, 은하콩의 협수는 점질토와 사양토 논에서 각각 평균 107개와 124개로 대원콩 및 태광콩보다 많았다. 등숙율은 사양토 고휴재배가 가장 높았던 반면 점질토 평휴재배가 가장 낮았은 경향이었다. 수량성에 있어서는 대원콩과 은하중이 토성 및 재배방법에 따라 $l82{\sim}286kg/ha$로 가장 높았는데 점질토 보다는 사양토에서 그리고 평휴보다는 고휴재배에서 수량성이 높은 경향이었다.