• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.3
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• pp.331-338
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• 2009

This present study was conducted to investigate photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll contents, and growth performances of containerized seedling and bare root seedling of Quercus acutissima growing under different fertilizing schemes. Both of containerized seedling and bare root seedling of Quercus acutissima showed good photosynthetic capacity and apparent quantum yield in the seedlings applied with one gram refining fertilizer (each of N, P, and K is 19%) diluted in one liter water. And chlorophyll contents also showed higher in the seedlings applied with the above fertilization scheme. The seedlings also showed good relative growth performances of root collar diameter, seedling height, total biomass, and leaf area in the some treatment scheme. In most of the treatments, containerized seedlings showed better photosynthetic capacity, apparent quantum yield, chlorophyll contents, and growth performances than bare root seedlings.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 1989

Reciprocal crosses were conducted between three strains of Taiwan Country chickens, developed in the National Chung-Hsing University, and two strains of Single Comb White Leghorns, developed in the Taiwan Livestock Research Institute. Traits studied were growing performances, laying performances, egg quality traits and traits concerning disease resistance, including resistance to Marek's disease virus and immune responses to Newcastle disease virus vaccine and to sheep red blood cell. Results indicated that laying performances of Taiwan country chickens were much inferior to White Leghorns, but they matured earlier, their eggs had better shell strength and larger proportion of yolk, and their general disease resistance was much better than White Leghorns. Heterosis were found in laying performances and egg quality traits. The heterosis in laying traits was so large that the hybrid laid as many eggs and as large eggs as did pure strains of White Leghorns. Strategies on the improvement of native chickens and the utilization of genetic merits of native chickens were also discussed.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 1995

This study was conducted to determine the effects of non-climatic environmental factors on performances and behavioural patterns of growing pigs. Two hundred and seventy growing pigs were confined and administered with three levels of spaces per pig(0.33, 0.44 and 0.66$m^2$) and three different numbers of pigs per pen(12, 15 and 18 pigs) from 30kg to 60kg body weight. This study was designed by using 3 $\times$ 3 factorial arrangement(three levels of spaces $\times$ three different numbers of pigs) and investigated the effects of main factors and the relationship between each factors. The result of this study were summarized as follows; 1. The 0.44$m^2$ of floor space per pig improved(p<0.01) the weight gain and the feed/gain during the growing phase. 2. The 15 pigs per pen showed the faster gain and improved feed/gain than the 12 or 18 pigs per pen during the growing phase(p<0.05). 3. The reduction of floor space of growing pigs caused the reduction of resting, non-aggressive social behaviour but eating, aggressive behaviour was increased(p<0.01). 4. Group size affected the behavioural patterns significantly(p<0.01) of growing pigs. The aggressive and eating behaviour increased but resting behaviour decreased by crowding in the growing pigs. 5. Therefore we concluded that growing pigs need 0.44$m^2$ per pig and 15 pigs per pen for the better raising condition.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.1296-1303
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• 2000

A series of four experiments was conducted to compare nutritional values of decorticated sunflower meals against soybean meal, in diets for pigs from weaning (Exp. 1 and 2) to finishing (Exp. 3 and 4). All experimental diets were prepared compensating for the energy content by using vegetable oil and the lysine content was matched using synthetic L-Lysine HCl. Twenty-one day old pigs were fed either corn-soybean meal based diet (CSBM) or corn- twice-decorticated sunflower meal based diet (CDSM) for four weeks (Exp. 1). There was no difference in performances between treatment groups. In Exp. 2, corn-non-decorticated sunflower meal based diet (CNSM) was added to the existing two treatments. Twenty-one day old pigs were fed three experimental diets for four weeks. Pigs fed CNSM had a lower weight gain and feed intake than other treatments (p<0.05). There was no difference between pigs fed CSBM and CDSM (Exp. 2). Growth performance of growing pigs was also greater (p<0.05) in pigs fed corn starch-twice- decorticated sunflower meal based diet (CSDSM) than pigs fed corn starch-non-decorticated sunflower meal based diet (CSNSM) during the eight week feeding trial (Exp. 3). There was no difference between pig fed corn starch-soybean meal based diet (CSSBM) and CSDSM (Exp. 3). In Exp. 4, growing pigs were fed three experimental diets (CSBM, CDSM, and barley-twice- decorticated sunflower meal based diet; BDSM) until the slaughter. There was no difference in growth performance of pigs during growing and finishing periods among treatments. However, pigs fed CSBM had a higher carcass dressing percentage (p<0.05) than pigs fed CDSM and BDSM. Pigs fed BDSM diet had a lower fat tissue percentage than other groups (p<0.05). The twice-decorticated sunflower meal can be used as a substitute for soybean meal in pig diets. The performances of piglets and growing-finishing pigs were not affected when soybean meal was replaced by twice-decorticated sunflower meal. This substitution needs the contribution of synthetic lysine and vegetable oil as sources of complementary nutrients to match the nutrient profile.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2020

The luxury car market has been steadily growing for the last 10 years and it might keep expanding in the future. Furthermore, it is expected to be a very competitive market because luxury cars are considred to reflect the technology level of motor companies. For this reason, it is very important for motor companies to improve performances of luxury vehicles. However, it takes years for the companies to increase the technology level for the high performances. In this paper, we aim to analyze the technologies for high quality brake perfomances through investigation of two luxury vehicle models and develop a new high performance brake system. First, we found out a variety of effective factors for the high performances. Second, we conducted the brake performance analysis to figure out the relationship between brake effort and brake feeling. Finally, we develped the new brake system using carbon ceramic composite materials to satisfy the high quality brake performances.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.118-119
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• 2002

This experiment was conduct to determine the influences of different levels of dietary energy and crude protein on growth performances during growing period (2 to 10 wk of age). A total of 360 egg breeder chicks (Hy-Line Brown) was divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates of 18 birds per replicate and fed the experimental diets containing three levels of energy and three levels of protein. With the increase in dietary crude protein levels, body weight significantly increased (P〈0.05). But dietary energy levels did not greatly affect growth performances. There were no significant differences to flock uniformity and tibia strength among treatments.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.19B no.4
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• pp.209-220
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose an adaptive pavement region detection method that is robust to changes of structural patterns in a natural scene. In order to segment out a pavement reliably, we propose two step approaches. We first detect the borderline of a pavement and separate out the candidate region of a pavement using VRays. The VRays are straight lines starting from a vanishing point. They split out the candidate region that includes the pavement in a radial shape. Once the candidate region is found, we next employ the adaptive multi-seed region growing(A-MSRG) method within the candidate region. The A-MSRG method segments out the pavement region very accurately by growing seed regions. The number of seed regions are to be determined adaptively depending on the encountered situation. We prove the effectiveness of our approach by comparing its performance against the performances of seed region growing(SRG) approach and multi-seed region growing(MSRG) approach in terms of the false detection rate.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.1440-1444
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• 2000

Two feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion levels of dietary vitamin and trace mineral (VTM) premixes on growth and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. A total of 112 pigs ($24.82{\pm}3.22kg$) were employed for 49 days (exp. 1), and 168 pigs ($21.64{\pm}1.41kg$) for 40 days (exp. 2) in completely randomized block designs. Treatments were: 1) 100%, 2) 150%, 3) 200% and 4) 250% NRC (1998) requirement of VTM in exp. 1, and the ratio of vitamins to trace minerals at 1) 100:100%, 2) 100:150%, 3) 150:100% and 4) 150:150% of NRC (1998) requirement in exp. 2. Basal diets for feeding trials were formulated to contain 3,310 kcal ME/kg and 18% crude protein, and contained 0.25% chromic oxide as an indigestible marker for digestibility trials. Increasing dietary VTM premix in growing pigs had linear and quadratic effects (p<0.05) on ADG, and feed conversion ratio was also improved (p<0.05) as VTM premix was increased by 150-250% of NRC (1998) requirements in exp. 1. Adding vitamin to trace mineral premixes at 150% NRC (1998) over the control improved (p<0.05) ADG and feed efficiency in growing pigs, but performances were not improved by vitamin nor by trace mineral premixes alone (p>0.15) (exp. 2). There were no differences (p>0.05) in the digestibilities of energy, crude protein and fat among dietary treatments. However, increasing dietary VTM premix in growing pigs had a linear effect (p<0.05) on the digestibilities of calcium and phosphorus. The 200 or 250% fed group showed improved (p<0.05) calcium digestibility, and 250% fed group also showed improved (p<0.05) phosphorus digestibility as compared to 100% or 150% fed group (exp. 1). The digestibilities of Ca and P were higher (p<0.05) in 150% addition of vitamins than in 150% addition of trace minerals in the diet (exp. 2).

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.113-125
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of low feeding level of concentrate after sexual maturity(14 month old) on the growing and breeding performances in Hanwoo cows. Eighteen cows(average body wt. 251kg) were alloted to two groups by completely randomized design, and fed a commercial formula feed by 0.8%(T1) and 1.2%(T2) of body weight for 30 months of total experimental period(feeding trial of 20 months, breeding trial of 10 months). When the results of this experiment compared to the Korean feeding standard for Hanwoo(2012), the reason of low growing performance in T1 was induced from low protein intake rather than energy. The change of body size by feeding levels was significantly appeared at chest width and body length, particularly chest width of cows in T1 was rather reduced by 3.7% in the final than the initial measurement. Ovarian size of T1 was only 63% of T2, and pregnancy rate(33.3% : 77.8%) and birth wight of calf(22.5kg : 29.5kg) were also seriously repressed by low intake of dietary protein after sexual maturity in Hanwoo cow. It was appeared that the growing and breeding performances of Hanwoo cows were more affected by the level of dietary protein rather than energy in the feeding after sexual maturity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.644-644
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• 2013

Graphene is a two-dimensional sp2 layer material. Despite the short history in the empirical synthesis of the graphene layers, the academic/industrial unique features have brought highly significant interest in research and development related to graphene-related materials. In particular, the electrical and optical performances have been targeted towards pre-existing microelectronicand emerging nanoelectronic applications. The graphene synthesis relies on a variety of processing factors, such as temperature, pressure, and gas ratios involving H2, CH4, and Ar, in addition to the inherent selection of copper substrates. The current work places its emphasis on the role of experimental factors in growing graphene thin films. The thermally-grown graphene layers are characterized using physical/chemical analyses, i.e., four point resistance measurements, Raman spectroscopy, and UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Ultimately, an optimization strategy is proposed in growing high-quality graphene layers well-controlled through empirical factors.