• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2014

Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine the effects of Emotion Freedom Techniques (EFT) group treatment program for Hwa-byung patients. Methods: Thirteen Hwa-byung patients have participated in the four weeks program of EFT group treatment and the program was executed once a week, for about one hour. After every session, the participants performed EFT by themselves in order to control their symptoms. Four weeks after the program ended, we interviewed the participants by using the semi-structured interview method to observe changes of Hwa-byung. All the data collected was summarized through the qualitative analysis method. Results: Results showed effects of the EFT group treatment program, with regards to the physical, cognitive and emotional aspects. Most of the participants experienced reliefs of Hwa-byung symptoms like chest tightness, hot flashes, insomnia and so on. Their ability to cope with stress improved and their re-experiences of past memories decreased. And their distorted self-images were also restored. Lastly, there was a decrease in negative emotions and an increase in positive emotions experienced by the participants. The participants could control their symptoms by performing self-enforcement. In addition, regarding the form of group therapy, the treatment was effective as it helped the participants to feel solidarity and social support. Conclusions: The EFT group treatment program can relieve the physical, cognitive and emotional symptoms of Hwa-byung. This program can be applied to the psychotherapy of Hwa-byung.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to review the research trends in the treatment of panic disorder in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Methods: We searched articles in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from 2004 to 2014. Search key words were '惊恐' and 'panic disorder', and we selected eight studies except for non-clinical, unrelated studies, tests on animals. Results: We finally selected eight articles, and the results were as follows. CCMD-3 was most frequently used as a diagnostic criterion and HAMA was mostly used for outcome measurement. In TCM there are various ways, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture and psychotherapy, to treat panic disorder. Most of the studies showed effective results. Most of the treatment group reported that they had less side effects than the control group. However, the quality of these clinical studies was low. Conclusions: In TCM, research on panic disorder was being conducted more actively than in Korean medicine. According to this study, it seems that in TCM, the treatment of panic disorder might be more effective and have some advantages. Therefore, with this study, we hope to activate more clinical research on the treatment of panic disorder in Korean medicine.

• 한국노년학
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.649-668
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• 2012

The purpose of this study ahead of the aging society in Korea to prevent problems of the elderly aged new addiction Internet Addiction and identify factors affecting the quantitative increase and qualitative improvement beyond that aims to promote. To this end, residents in Seoul over the age of 60's targets, local welfare, cultural centers, senior centers and other research in the area through one-on-one interviews were conducted the survey. Findings The average degree of Internet addiction elderly 36.16 points (SD = 10.02) and the distribution of at least 20 points to 65 points, respectively. Factors affecting the degree of Internet addiction as a computer time (β = .248, p <.001), mon allowance (β = .180, p <.01), age (β = .139, p <.01) and social support (β = .087, p <.05), self-efficacy (β = - .078, p <.05), most used location (β = - .116, p <.05), degree of family relationship (β = - .147, p <.01), housing type (β = - .153, p <.01), were of the order, this factor was 17.6% of the variance. In other words, the more computer time, the higher the age, the more mon allowance, housing is not self, the lower the degree of family relationship, the house is not a place most used, lower self-efficacy, social support is high As increasing the degree of Internet addiction was thought to be the two predictor variables. Survey results to target the elderly through the Internet addiction group psychotherapy program implementation, and production and distribution of manuals related to Internet use and addiction-related factors, according to the case-by-case Case management services are tailored to be done, and the Internet in general for seniors potential risks related to use in training and preventive services for the elderly will need to be made.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.99-108
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• 2021

The benefits of teaching learning materials to others have been shown on learning achievement. Anxiety is one of the obstacles in learning and it has been shown that math anxiety is strongly associated with math achievement. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether teaching others benefits math anxiety when university students learn statistics. 59 students who enrolled in statistics class participated and 30 students performed group assignment of teaching peer in a group and 29 students did not. Other than group assignments, the instructor, lectures, assignment of solving the problems, and exams were all the same. The results showed that the math anxiety of students who did group assignments of teaching was decreased at the end the semester. Increased math anxiety yielded negative attitudes toward learning statistics, resulting in poor learning performance. Furthermore, the relationship between math anxiety and the attitudes toward leaning statistics was moderated by teaching others. The results suggest that teaching others has an effect on reducing math anxiety and thus, possibly yield persistent learning gains.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.485-496
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• 2018

This study set out to organize and apply a group program designed to resolve the psychological career barriers of university freshmen and test its effects on their psychological career barriers, self-efficacy in career decision-making, and self-determination. For this purpose, the investigator divided the subjects into a treatment group of eight and a comparison group of nine, implemented a group program designed to resolve psychological career barriers over seven sessions, and applied no treatment to the comparison group. In an effort to examine the program's effects, the investigator conducted tests on psychological career barriers, self-efficacy in career decision-making, and self-determination in the pre- and post-test both in the treatment and comparison groups and examined the differences between them. The findings were as follows: first, the treatment group made a significant decrease to its psychological career barriers scores compared to the comparison group; second, the treatment group made a significant increase to its self-efficacy in career decision-making scores compared to the comparison group; and finally, the treatment group also made a significant increase to its self-determination scores compared to the comparison group with a significant enhancement. That is, the program was effective for lowering the psychological career barriers of university freshmen and improving their self-efficacy in career decision-making and self-determination. The study also discusses the utilization of its findings and future study.

• Genes and Genomics
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1309-1317
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• 2018

It is well known that dopaminergic genes affect the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in various populations. Many studies have shown that variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) located within the 3′-untranslated region of DAT1 and in exon 3 of DRD4 are associated with ADHD development; however, these results were inconsistent. Therefore, we investigated the genetic association between two VNTRs and ADHD in Korean children. We determined the VNTRs using PCR. We examined genotype and allele frequency differences between the experimental and control groups, along with the odds ratios, using Chi square and exact tests. We observed a significant association between the children with ADHD and the control group in the 10R/10R genotype of DAT1 VNTRs (p=0.025). In addition, the 11R allele of DAT1 VNTRs showed a higher frequency in the control group than in the ADHD group (p=0.023). Also, the short repeat (without 11R) and long repeat alleles (including 11R) were associated with ADHD (p<0.05). The analysis of DRD4 VNTRs revealed that the 2R allele is associated with ADHD (p=0.025). A significant result was also observed in long and short repeats (p<0.05). Additionally, ADHD subtypes showed that the DRD4 VNTRs are associated with combined and hyperactive-impulsive subtype groups (p<0.05). Therefore, our results suggest that DAT1 VNTRs and DRD4 VNTRs play a role in the genetic etiology of ADHD in Korean children.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.4
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• pp.677-685
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of forest environment and therapeutic program to the patients with major depressive disorder in antidepressant medication. The first group participated the four sessions of therapeutic program in the forest environment ("forest therapy"), the second group did in the program in a hospital environment, the third group did merely walking in the forest ("forest bath"), and the last group was controls. All the participants was diagnosed with major depressive disorder and had been taking antidepressant medication longer than 3 months. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Hamilton Rating Scales for Depression(HRSD), Montgomery-Asberg Depressin Rating Scales(MADRS), Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), and general health perception was measured by Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36). Heart rate variability(HRV) were also examined to observe the physiological parameters before and after the program. In the results, HRSD score of forest program group was significantly lower than controls after the program. MADRS score of forest therapy group and hospital program group was also significantly lower than controls after 4 sessions of the program. The remission rate defined as below 7 points in HRSD was higher in the forest therapy group, hospital program group, forest bath group, and controls in order. These results reveals that the therapeutic program performed in forest environment may improve unremitted depressive symptoms of patients with major depressive disorder. Although not significant, the forest therapy program showed better outcome than hosptial program and forest bath.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.125-136
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• 2018

Although atypical sensory processing is a core feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is considerable heterogeneity among ASD individuals in the modality and symptoms of atypical sensory processing. The present study examined visual processing of children with ASD, focusing on the complexity and orientation of visual information. Age- and -IQ-matched Korean children (14 ASD and 14 typically-developing (TD) children) received an orientation discrimination task involving static spatial gratings varied in complexity (simple versus complex) and orientation (horizontal versus vertical). The results revealed that ASD children had difficulty perceiving complex information regardless of orientation, whereas TD children had more difficulty with vertical gratings than horizontal gratings. Thus, group-level differences between ASD and TD children appeared greater when gratings were presented horizontally. Unlike ASD adult literature, however, ASD children did not show superior performance on simple gratings. Our findings on typical and atypical processing of ASD children have implications for both understanding the characteristics of ASD children and developing diagnostic tools for ASD.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.83-105
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to strengthen the professional competence of novice play therapists through training, and to develop a CCPT internship program that encourages them to participate by experiencing play therapy education and cases. The five novice play therapists who participated in this study were currently getting their master's degrees in child psychotherapy. The novice play therapists's CCPT Internship program conducts 20 hours of education and practices, 24 hours of group supervision, 16 sessions of play therapy. The results of the research were as follows. First, the novice play therapist's CCPT internship program gave the play therapists positive effects on the development level. Second, the novice play therapist's CCPT internship program had a positive effect on the therapists' performance ability on play therapy. Third, the change of psychological and emotional reactions of play therapists through self-examination was different depending on the stage in the play therapy.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.447-454
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• 2022

This paper presents the psychomotorik-based play activities executed by the social robot at home which helps children's social and emotional development. Based on the theory and practice of the psychomotorik therapy, the play activities were implemented in the close collaboration between psychmotorik experts, service designers and robotics engineers. The designed play activities are classified into four categories depending on the main areas of child development. The robotic system that can express verbal and nonverbal behaviors was developed in order to play games with children and but also to make children have continuous interest during the play activities with it. Finally, the psychomotorik-based play service scenario and interactive robot system were validated by the expert group from the domain of child psychotherapy. The evaluation results showed that the play service and the robot system were appropriately developed for children from the experts point of view.