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Synergistic Effect of Forest Environment and Therapeutic Program for the Treatment of Depression  

Woo, Jong-Min (Stress Research Institute, Inje University)
Park, Sang Mi (Stress Research Institute, Inje University)
Lim, Seong Kyeon (Korean Employee Assistance Professional Association)
Kim, Won (Stress Research Institute, Inje University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science / v.101, no.4, 2012 , pp. 677-685 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of forest environment and therapeutic program to the patients with major depressive disorder in antidepressant medication. The first group participated the four sessions of therapeutic program in the forest environment ("forest therapy"), the second group did in the program in a hospital environment, the third group did merely walking in the forest ("forest bath"), and the last group was controls. All the participants was diagnosed with major depressive disorder and had been taking antidepressant medication longer than 3 months. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Hamilton Rating Scales for Depression(HRSD), Montgomery-Asberg Depressin Rating Scales(MADRS), Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), and general health perception was measured by Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36). Heart rate variability(HRV) were also examined to observe the physiological parameters before and after the program. In the results, HRSD score of forest program group was significantly lower than controls after the program. MADRS score of forest therapy group and hospital program group was also significantly lower than controls after 4 sessions of the program. The remission rate defined as below 7 points in HRSD was higher in the forest therapy group, hospital program group, forest bath group, and controls in order. These results reveals that the therapeutic program performed in forest environment may improve unremitted depressive symptoms of patients with major depressive disorder. Although not significant, the forest therapy program showed better outcome than hosptial program and forest bath.
Keywords
forest therapy; psychotherapy; major depressive disorder;
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