• Title/Summary/Keyword: Group effect

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Study of the Effects of Jingyochangchooltang, Jingyochangchooltang Plus Sophorae Semen and Deungyangjingyochangchooltang on the Analgesia, Antipyretic, Antiinflammatory Acton and Transport of Intestinal Contents (秦蒼朮湯과 加味方의 鎭痛.解熱.抗炎症 作用 및 腸管輸送能에 關한 實驗的 硏究)

  • Lee, Yong-Geun;Chae, Byeong-Yun
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 1989
  • The studies were attempted experimental effects of Jingyochangchooltang (Sample A), Jingyochangchooltang plus Sophorae Semen (Sample B) and Deungyangjingyochangchooltang (Sample C) on analgesia, antipyretic, antiinflammatory action and Tramsport of Intestinal contents in mice. The result of studies were as follows: 1. Analgesia action by Acetic acid method was showed significant effect at all sample groups. 2. Analgesia action by Acetylcholine-HCil method was showed significant effect in sample A group. 3. Analgesia action by Reandall-selitto method was showed significant effect at all sample groups especially sample B group was showed more significant effect from 2 hours to 3 shours. 4. Antipyretic action by yeast method was showed significant effect at all sample groups, especially sample A group and sample C group were showed more significant effect after 6 hours than sample B group. 5. Antiinflammatory action by carrageenine method was showed significant effect at all simple groups. 6. In the intestinal transport, in contrast to control group, sample A group revealed the increasing rate $38.7\%$ and sample B group revealed the increasing rate $47.7\%$. According to the above result, it can be concluded that Jingyochangchooltang, Jingyochangchooltang plus sophorae Semen and Deungyangjingyochangchooltang had a remarkable effect on the treatment of hemorrhoids caused by Pung Yul and inflammation of anus.

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An Experimental Studies on the Efficacy of Taeumin Handayŏlsot'ang and Gamihandayŏlsot'ang (태음인(太陰人) 한다열소탕(寒多熱少湯)과 가미한다열소탕(加味寒多熱少湯)의 효능(效能)에 대(對)한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究))

  • Park, Seong Sik
    • Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.231-240
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    • 1992
  • In order to investigate experimentally the effects of Taeumin Handayolsot'ang and Gamihandayolsot'ang, experimental studies were conducted about antipyretic effect, analgesic effect, antiinflammatory effect of edema, sadative effect, anticonvulsive effect experimental animals (mice and rats). Sample A group was a solid extract of Handayolsot'ang treated group. Sample B group was a solid extract of Gamihandayolsot'ang treated group. The results were summarized as fallows. 1. In antipyretic action by yeast method, sample A group was decreased significantly and sample B group showed decreasing tendency, but showed no significance. 2. In the effect of control for writhing syndrome by the acetic acid stimulating method, sample B group was repressed significantly and sample A group showed repressing tendency, but showed no significance. 3. Antiinflammatory action by carrageenine edema method was showed significant effect at all sample groups. 4. Sadative effect by rotor rod method in rats was not noted at all sample groups. 5. In anticonvulsive action by E C T unit method, time to death in mice was significantly prolonged at all sample groups. According to the above results, it is considered that Taeumin Handayolsot'ang and Gamihandayolsot'ang will be effective on pyretic diseases.

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The Anti-agning Effect of Oral Administration of NokYongDaebotang (NYD) in Rats (녹용대보탕(鹿茸大補湯)의 노화 억제 효과에 대한 실험적 연구)

  • Lee, Su-Young;Ahn, Teak-Won
    • Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.327-348
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of oral administration of NokYongDaebotang (NYD) on aging in rats. To observe the anti-aging effect of NYD, we performed blood chemistry analysis, histological analysis, and evaluated the levels of SOD, catalase, glutathione, NO and MDA in liver and other organ. The results were as follows : 1. The levels of serum Albumin and GOT was reduced significantly in the NYD group as compared with the nornal group. 2. Serum Total bilirubin level was increased in the NYD group as compared with the nornal group. 3. Serum LDL-cholesterol level was reduced significantly in the NYD group as compared with the nornal group. 4. The level of GSH and SOD activityin liver were significantly higher in 52 w-NYD group than that of 52 w-normal group. 5. The levels of NO were reduced significantly in 52 w-NYD group as compared with 52 w-normal group. In conclusion, NYD decoction is considered to have an anti-aging effect in rats.

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Effect of Polygoni Multiflori Radix on the Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery of Rabbits Induced by High Cholesterol Diet (적하수오(赤何首烏)가 고(高)Cholesterol식이(食餌)에 의하여 유발(誘發)된 가토(家兎) 관상동맥(冠狀動脈)의 죽상경화(粥狀硬化)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Won-Chul
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.1 s.29
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    • pp.425-436
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    • 1995
  • In order to evaluate the effect of Polygoni Multiflori Radix on the atherosclerosis induced by high cholesteol diet, rabbits were fed with 4% cholesterol diet, 4% cholesterol-4% Polygoni Multiflori Radix diet during 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, histological changes in coronary artery of rabbits were studied. The results were obtained as follows; 1. At the area % of lumen in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed significant inhibitory effect against decrease of area % in control group. 2. At the atheroma formation in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed decrease effect as compared with control group. 3. At the mucoprotein formation in wall of coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group showed decrease effect as compared with control group. 4. At the lesion of elastic fibers in coronary arteries, Polygoni Multiflori Radix group didn't show effective changes as compared with control group.

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A Comparative Study on the Occurrence Loci of Disfluency between Neurogenic and Developmental Stuttering (신경인성과 발달성 말더듬의 비유창성 발생 자리에 대한 연구)

  • Shin, Myung-Sun;Kwon, Do-Ha;Yoon, Chi-Yeon
    • Speech Sciences
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.185-195
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    • 2006
  • This study aims to clarify disfluency loci in a neurogenic stuttering group and to examine how the characteristics are different from a developmental stuttering group. For the study, spoken language samples were collected from 11 adults with developmental stuttering and 11 adults with neurogenic stuttering in the course of speaking tasks including reading, monologue and conversation. Using the collected samples, disfluency characteristics of the two groups were to be investigated by analyzing adaptation effect, consistency effect and frequency of disfluency occurrence according to word position, which are related to the occurrence loci of disfluency. Results of this study were as follows: First, while the neurogenic stuttering group did not show any adaptation effect, the developmental stuttering group showed the adaptation effect that the percent of disfluency word reducing as they read the same materials repeatedly. Second, there was no meaningful difference of consistency effect between the two stuttering groups. Third, the neurogenic stuttering group showed more disfluency frequency in final sounds among the word position compared to the developmental stuttering group.

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Estimation in Group Testing when a Dilution Effect exists

  • Kwon, Se-Hyug
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.787-794
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    • 2006
  • In group testing, the test unit consists of a group of individuals and each group is tested to classify units from a population as infected or non-infected or estimate the infection rate. If the test group is infected, one or more individuals in the group are presumed to be infected. It is assumed in group testing that classification of group as positive or negative is without error. But, the possibility of false negatives as a result of dilution effects happens often in practice, specially in many clinical researches. In this paper, dilution effect models in group testing are discussed and estimation methods of infection rate are proposed when a dilution effect exists.

Growth Ingibiton Effect of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium by Lactic Fermented Milk Products Administrated Orally in Rabbit (토끼에서 유산 발효유제품 급여에 의한 Escherichia coli O157:H7 및 Salmonella typhimurium의 증균억제효과)

  • 신광순;김용환;손원근;석주명;김상현
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.188-194
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    • 1997
  • The growth inhibition effect of Orally administrated yogurt ACE and Metchnikoffupon E. coli O157:H7 and S. typhimurium inoculated into gastric lumen of rabbits was in vestigated. The rabbits challenged with each 1 $m\ell$ of suspension containing 108 CFU/$m\ell$ of the pathogens were divided into 4 groups by the interval of yogurt administration: A group; preadministrated 7 days before inoculation of the pathogens and fed daily; B group; administrated daily after inocjlation of the pathogens, C group; administrated every 3 days after inoculation of the pathogens; Control group, not fed after inoculation of the pathogens. Each 3 $m\ell$ of yogurt containing 109 CFU/$m\ell$ was orally administrated into rabbits. All yogurt administrated groups (A, B, c) chowed growth ingibition effect on E. coli O157:H7 in one day after inoculation of the pathogen by the level of 0.8~1.0 log CFU/g, compared with the result differences between the control group and the yogurt administrated groups. In the control group after 5 days of inoculation, the number of colonized pathogens was 105~106 CFU/g, whereas 103~104 CFU/g was detected in the yogurt administrated groups. After 10 days of inoculation, the viable pathogen number per gram (g) of the rabbit feces was 103 CFU/g in the control group, whereas the number below 101 CFU/g was detected in the group A, and 102 CFU/g in the control group, B and C. The growth inhibition effect of yogurt administration on E. coli O157:H7 was highly increased in the order of A, B, and C group. The same effect on S. typhimurium was observed at the level of 2 log CFU/g in the Metchnikoff yogurt administrated groups, compared with the control group result in one day after inoculation of the pathogen. In 7 days after inoculation of the pathogen, the viable number was increasingly decreased, and finally after 15 days no viable cell of S. typhimurium was discharged into the fecal samples in the group A, and the mean level of 10* CFU/g was detected in the group B, but there was no growth inhibition effect in the group C. The growth inhibition effect on S. typhimurium was observed at the same level of viable cell number between the yogurt ACE administrated groups and the control group in 5 days after inoculation. But, after 10 days of inoclation the viable cell number was started to decrease, and the viable cell of S. typhimurium was not discharged from rabbit intestinal contents after 15 days of inoculation in the yogurt ACE administrated groups. In such a case that yogurt was administrated in order to prevent the pathogens, pre-administration on a daily basis one week before inoculation of the pathogens exerted considerable effect in growth inhibition. In comparison with two kinds of yogurt tested in this study, the growth inhibition effect on two kinds of pathogens was observed more highly in the Metchnikoff administated group than the ACE administrated group.

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Meta-analysis of the Effects of Cognitive Improvement Programs of the Korean Elderly: Comparison of Cognitive Impairment Group and Normal Group (한국노인의 인지기능 향상 프로그램 효과성 메타분석: 인지기능장애집단과 일반집단 비교)

  • Kim, Ilsik;Kim, Gyeryung
    • 한국노년학
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.813-833
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study was to classify the results of previous studies on the cognitive function improvement program of the elderly into the cognitive impairment group and the normal group to compare the effect sizes of the groups using meta - analysis. Among the previous studies on cognitive function improvement programs reported in Korea for the last five years, 86 were selected and the effect sizes were summarized using meta-analysis. As a result of the study, the overall average effect size showed a large effect size in both groups. The effect sizes of the intervention types were high for the cognitive impairment group, and the exercise and cognitive-based interventions were similar for the normal group. The gender effect size was higher for the women with cognitive impairment group, and higher for the combined case with normal group. The effect sizes according to group size were higher for 20 persons in cognitive impairment group and higher for 21~40 persons in normal group. The total number of sessions in both groups was higher than 32 times, The number of sessions per week was 3 times for the cognitive impairment group, 4 to 6 times for the normal group. The duration of activity was 55~60 minutes in cognitive impairment group and 70~180 minutes in normal group as the number of sessions and activity time increased the effect size was higher in normal group. This study will be meaningful in that it provided basic data necessary for future program development by comparing and analyzing the effect sizes of the cognitive function improvement program type and the activity factors between the cognitive impairment group and the normal group.

A study on simplified Textile testing apparatus for teaching high school students (중고등학교 피복재료 학습효과를 높이기 위한 시험장치 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 장경연
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.69-79
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    • 1988
  • This study was to increase the experimental learning effect of textile materials in middle and high school. To this study, three kinds of simply devised apparatus were used for warmth retaining test, air permeability test and static electricity test. Two classes were chosen in a girls' high school comparing learning effect and classified the theoretical learning group and the experimental learning group. In the experimental group, a teaching plan to teach the properties of textile materials was made to use these apparatuses. The results were. 1. In the interest on the unit either the theoretical learning group or the experimental learning group were not different significantly. 2. In the items facilitation of motivation, unsatisfied desires and prevention of failure, effect of transfer and development of inquiry power, both groups were significant. 3. For the purpose of comparing the learning effect, two groups were examined for determining the level of understanding after teaching properties of textile materials. The mean value of the experimental learning group was higher than that of the theoretical learning group. The experimental learning group had more higher markers(over the point of 90) than the theoretical learning group.

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A Study on the Preventive Effect of Chitosan on the Lead Toxicity in Rats (흰쥐의 납독에 대한 키토산의 효과에 관한 연구)

  • 김일두;유문희
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.283-288
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    • 1996
  • This study was performed to investigate the effects of chitosan on the lead poisoning in rats. For this experiment, 15 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The experimental groups were divided into five: Control (250 mg/kg lead), Group I (250 mg/kg lead+1% chitosan), Group II (250 mg/kg lead+2% chitosan), Group III(250 mg/kg lead+4% chitosan), Group IV (250 mg/kg lead+8% chitosan). The results were as follows; 1. The lead concentration in the liver showed 3.924~10.217 mg/kg in control group, but treated group was inclined to decrease during the experiment period (P<0.05). 2. The lead concentration in the kidney showed 23.268~31.315 mg/kg in control group, but Experimental group showed 3.765~9.725 mg/kg (Group I), 34.60~9.115 mg/kg (Group II), 3.549~8.816 mg /kg (Group III), 3.502~8.532 mg/kg (Group IV) resectively, also, Experimental group was inclined to decrease compared to control group (P

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