• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.186-192
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• 2016

Purpose: To determine whether large rectal volume on planning computed tomography (CT) results in lower tumor regression grade (TRG) after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in rectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We reviewed medical records of 113 patients treated with surgery following neoadjuvant CCRT for rectal cancer between January and December 2012. Rectal volume was contoured on axial images in which gross tumor volume was included. Average axial rectal area (ARA) was defined as rectal volume divided by longitudinal tumor length. The impact of rectal volume and ARA on TRG was assessed. Results: Average rectal volume and ARA were 11.3 mL and $2.9cm^2$. After completion of neoadjuvant CCRT in 113 patients, pathologic results revealed total regression (TRG 4) in 28 patients (25%), good regression (TRG 3) in 25 patients (22%), moderate regression (TRG 2) in 34 patients (30%), minor regression (TRG 1) in 24 patients (21%), and no regression (TRG0) in 2 patients (2%). No difference of rectal volume and ARA was found between each TRG groups. Linear correlation existed between rectal volume and TRG (p = 0.036) but not between ARA and TRG (p = 0.058). Conclusion: Rectal volume on planning CT has no significance on TRG in patients receiving neoadjuvant CCRT for rectal cancer. These results indicate that maintaining minimal rectal volume before each treatment may not be necessary.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2002

Aeromagnetic and gravity data were analyzed to delineate the subsurface structure of the Yeongdong basin and its related fault movement in the Okcheon fold belt. The aeromagnetic data of the total intensity (KIGAM, 1983) were reduced to the pole and three dimensional inverse modeling, which considers topography of the survey area in the modeling process, were carried out. The apparent susceptibility map obtained by three dimensional magnetic inversion, as well as the observed aeromagnetic anomaly itself, show clearly the gross structural trend of the Yeongdong basin in the direction on between $N30^{\circ}E$ and $N45^{\circ}E$. Gravity survey was carried out along the profile, of which the length is about 18.2 km across the basin. Maximum relative Bouguer anomaly is about 7 mgals. Both forward and inverse modeling were also carried out for gravity analysis. The magnetic and gravity results show that the Yeongdong basin is developed by the force which had created the NE-SW trending the magnetic anomalies. The susceptibility contrast around Yeongdong fault is apparent, and the southeastern boundary of the basin is clearly defined. The basement depth of the basin appears to be about 1.1 km beneath the sea level, and the width of the basin is estimated to be 7 km based on the simultaneous analysis of gravity and magnetic profiles. There exists an unconformity between the sedimentary rocks and the gneiss at the southeastern boundary, which is the Yeongdong fault, and granodiorite is intruded at the northwestern boundary of the basin. Our results of gravity and magnetic data analysis support that the Yeongdong basin is a pull-apart basin formed by the left-stepping sinistral strike-slip fault, which formed the Okcheon fold belt.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제41호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2003

Most residential buildings in Korea are preferred to have maximum interior spaces, rather than consider its original design, overall building performance, and any other aspects since early 1990's. Especially in high-rise apartment buildings, balcony has been merged to living room to get more interior spaces and this renovation trends have been producing deep and narrow shapes of living rooms that was not initially intended by architects. On the other hand, the same gross area of each unit does not necessarily mean same width and depth ratio of each residential unit. Generally, we can categorize it to the deep or wide unit based on its width and depth ratio. Under these circumstances, this study analyzes the room usage pattern changes based on the space width and depth ratio and the effect of expansion of room space to the balcony. This study also includes about 180 apartments plan case studies to find out the relationships among w/d ratio changes, furniture arrangement types, and room configurations. In this research, general apartment room w/d ratios are 0.97 ∼ 1.23; 0.7(south facing sitting room), 1.23(south facing bed room), and 0.95(north facing bedroom). But, after expanding room space to balcony w/d ratio increased as follows; sitting room become 1.31, general south facing bedroom become 1.23, and north facing bedroom become 1.45. In addition to user preference of w/d ratio, many people prefer rectangular room shape a little(w/d ratio is 0.9 or 1.2) than square style (w/d ratio is 1.0) or very deep room style (w/d ratio Is more over 1.5). Accordingly, expanding the room space to balcony may make unsatisfactory room w/d ratio. Expanding room space to balcony should be considered by existing room w/d ratio.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1246-1247
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• 2008

With recent advanced in portable electric devices, wireless sensor, MEMS and bio-Mechanics device, the new typed power supply, not conventional battery but self-powered energy source is needed. Particularly, the system that harvests from their environments are interests for use in self powered devices. For very low powered devices, environmental energy may be enough to use power source. Therefore, in other to made piezoelectric energy harvesting device, PMN-PZT thick film was formed by the screen printing method on the Ag/Pd coated alumina substrate. The layer was 8 layers and slurry where a-terpineol, ethycellulose, ferro B-75001 as Vehicle, PMN-PZT powder used are fabricated by ball mill. The output power quality was be also investigated by changing the load resistance, weight and frequency. The made piezoelectric energy harvesting device was resulted from the conditions of 33$k{\Omega}$, 0.25g, 197Hz respectively. The thick film was prepared at the condition of 2.75Vrms, and its power was 230${\mu} W$ and its thickness was 56${mu}m$. The piezoelectric energy harvesting device output voltage was increased, when the load weight, load resistance was increasing and resonance frequency was diminishing. The other side, resonance frequency was diminished, when the weight was increasing. And output power was continuously it changed by load resistance, output voltage, weight and resonance frequency.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.265-271
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• 2016

본 연구는 콩 농가들의 경영효율성을 분석하고 이 경영효율성에 미치는 요인을 제시함에 목적이 있다. 분석결과 재배면적이 넓을수록 콩 규모효율성에 정(+)의 효과를 주지만 규모수익체증을 해야 하는 농가가 대부분이었다. 노동력과 관련성이 큰 자가노력비, 임차료, 고용노력비를 합하면 54.6%로 생산비의 절반이상을 차지하고 있으며 점차 증가하는 추세에 있다. 또한 고용노동비율이 높을수록 총효율성, 기술효율성, 규모효율성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치므로 효율적인 노동력 이용과 확보가 중요하다. 친환경농업의 척도인 유기질비료 비율은 총효율성과 배분효율성을 떨어뜨리고 관행농업의 척도인 농약비는 총효율성과 배분효율성을 높이는 것으로 분석되었지만 무기질비료 투입과 농약 저투입을 통한 고품질 농산물 가격을 반영하지 않아 향후 이를 반영한 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.3-7
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• 1998

GIS 데이타의 정확도 문제는 DEM과 같은 데이터의 유용성과 적용에 대한 서로 다른 견해를 불러 일으킨다. 데이터의 정확성은 좌표의 정확한 위치와 속성정보를 무작위적으로 검색하여 결정할 수 있다. DEM은 과거 보다는 손쉽게 취득할수 있고 이를 처리할수 있는 소프트웨어도 다양해 졌으나 GIS의 응용은 이미 만들어진 데이터에 따라 그 결과가 달라질수 있으므로 데이터의 정확도와 에러에 대한 주의를 기울일 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 1:24,000과 1:250,000 DEM 데이터를 이용하여 DEM의 정확도를 검색하고 데이터가 지닌 에러를 찾아내는 방법을 모색하는데 있다. GRASS와 Arc/Info를 이용하여 DEM을 레이어로 만들어내는 과정 또한 연구 되었다. 연구지역은 250 $km^2$의 면적을 지녔으며 연구 결과 1:250,000 DEM에서는 실제 등고값이 정상적으로 처리 되었으나 1:24,000 DEM에서는 실제의 등고값이 아닌 0으로 표현된 에러가 발견되었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.296-300
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• 2013

7년령의 중성화된 수컷 Yorkshire Terrier가 복강에 종괴가 촉진되어 이를 주증으로 내원하였다. 방사선 검사 상 복강의 등쪽면에 신장 종괴와 작은 복강 종괴가 관찰되었다. 수술적으로 적출된 우측 신장에서는, 육안적으로 붉은 갈색조를 띄는 종괴와 낭상 구조가 함께 관찰되었다. 병리조직검사 상에서 다각형 또는 타원형의 내피세포를 가진 다수의 불규칙한 모양의 신생혈관이 관찰되었으며, 이 혈관들과 종양세포들은 주변조직으로의 강한 침습성을 보였다. 복강의 또 다른 작은 종괴에서는 신장 종괴와 동일한 병리조직학적 소견을 관찰할 수 있었다. 면역조직화학염색을 실시한 결과 종양세포들은 vimentin, CD31 및 von Willbrand factor에 대해 양성 반응을 보였으나, cytokeratin에 대해서는 음성 반응을 보였다. 육안적인 특징, 병리조직학적 소견 및 면역조직화학적 검사를 바탕으로 본 증례는 신장원성 혈관육종으로 진단하였다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2006

Alginate, which is isolated from brown seaweed, is a bioabsorbable long chain polysaccharides, ${\beta}$-D-mannuronic acid and ${\alpha}$-L-guluronic acid. The authors produced alginates and alginate-colllagen as a disc form. Then, to evaluate the efficacy of alginate and alginate-collagen complex as a wound healing material, three full-thickness skin defects of 2 cm in diameter were made at the back of the New Zealand white rabbits. Three groups of dressing materials-alginate, alginate-collagen complex and vaseline gauze as control group - were applied on the wound and the results were evaluated grossly and histopathologically. The authors compared gross findings of sizes of healed wound, wound epithelization and wound contraction by tracing the remaining wound area at 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th day after wound introduction, and wound biopsy was performed at 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st day, respectively. Alginate and alginate-collagen complex showed statistically higher percentage of wound contraction and wound healing compared to control group(p<0.05). Alginate-collagen complex showed statistically higher percentage of wound contraction, epithelization and wound healing compared to alginate alone. In conclusion, the result suggests that alginate has a good effect of wound healing and that alginate-collagen complex is more effective in wound healing than alginate alone.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.498-505
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• 2018

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of the type O foot-and-mouse disease vaccine (FMDV) on the incidence of abnormal meat such as granuloma or abscess formation at the injection site in pork and its associated economic losses. At 56 d of age, piglets were inoculated with FMDV by one of three administration routes: N-Neck (a conventional needle-syringe injection into the neck), N-Ham (a conventional needle-syringe injection into the ham), and Non-Neck (injection with a needle-free device into the neck). The injection sites were visually examined for the presence of a granuloma or abscess, and the incidence rate of abnormal meat was calculated. The gross weight of the portion of the pork carcasses condemned because of granuloma or abscess formation was measured and multiplied by the weekly sales price to calculate the total economic losses. After implementation of FMDV, the economic losses were approximately six times higher than before implementation. Granuloma or abscess formation was significantly higher in the N-Neck and Non-Neck groups, in which the vaccine was inoculated into the neck area, than in the N-Ham group (N-Neck and N-Ham vs Non-Neck, p<0.05). These results suggest that the incidence of lesions could be reduced if the ham route was used for vaccination.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 1984

This paper dealt with the histopathological observations of the perirenal edema in pigs and rabbits administered with Amaranthus retroflexus, based on the clinical and pathological observations of the porcine perirenal edema naturally occurred in Korea. The results observed are summarized as follows; In the natural case, clinical signs were trembling, weakness and incoordination of the hindquarters, followed by sternal recumbency, coma and death. Death usually occurred within 24 hours after the signs of illness appeared. In gross findings, the grayish yellow fluid in the perirenal area was observed in each case. In some cases, the amount of fluid in the thoracic and abdominal cavities was increased and the yellowish red color of the hydrothorax and ascites was seen. When the renal capsule was incised, the kidneys were enlarged and congested and petechiae on the cortical surface and blood clots on the capsule appeared. In microscopical findings, there were cloudy swelling, hyaline droplets and necrosis of the convoluted tubules containing proteinaceous casts and a few oxalate crystals. In addition, interstitial and perivascular edema, distention of the Bowman's space and the convluted tubules and hemorrhages were recognized. In the weanling pigs and the adult pig fed various weeds, including Amaranthus retroflexus, Euxolus blitum and Portulaca oleracea, the pigs fed Amaranthus retroflexus appeared clinical signs and pathological findings of perirenal edema usually seen in the pigs of natural cases. In the pigs fed Euxolus blitum or fed Portulaca oleracea, neither clinical signs nor pathological changes were seen. It was regarded that this disease was affected with Amaranthus retroflexus, but there was no sensitivity in the adult pigs.