• Title/Summary/Keyword: Green home

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the stone cultural properties in royal mausoleums of Seoul area (서울 근교능원의 석조문화재와 자생지의류의 생태학적 분포 조사)

  • Min, Kyung-Hee;Ahn, Hee-Kyun;Lee, Pil-Soon
    • 보존과학연구
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    • s.7
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    • pp.11-23
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    • 1986
  • Korea has a long history from several thousand years ago. Specially stonecultural properties were used for the long period in Korea. Ancient tombs of prehistoric age, Sukgul-am (stone cave), Chumsung-dae (astronomical observatory)and stone statue of Buddha in the period of three dynasties were made of stone. There after the foundation stone, mortarstone, millstone, and other stone facilities at home have been also used for a long time. For the conservation of the cultural properties, the ecological distribution of lichens was investigated with the stone buildings around tombs and multistory stonepagodas.1. Yoo-nung (The tomb of Emperor Sungjong) : The stone buildings of granitearound tomb about 80 years old are clean and solid in quality, but they were covered in places with three kinds of lichens as the circle forms of pale-green and dark-gray colored thallus in crustose type. They were examined ecological distribution, identification and measurement of lobe size of lichens.2. Yoong-nung (The tomb of son of Emperor Yung-jong) : Granite buildings around tomb about 200 years old are also clean, moreover, they were also covered with the same kinds of crustose lichens in overlap.3. Yung-nung (The tomb of Emperor Sejong) : More than seven species of crustose, foliose and one species of fruticose lichens were growing on thegranite stone buildings built in about 500 years ago.4. Shilluk-sa multistory brick pagoda : It was built at the Koryo dynasty more than about 700 years. More than 5 species of crustose folios and two species of fruticose lichens were growing well on the granite stone at shade area. It was assumed that foliose lichens as dominant species with the respect of ecological aspect.5. Shilluk-sa multistory marble pagoda : This marble pagoda was built at the middle period of the Koryo dynasty as the same age of multistory brick pagoda. It was covered with black colored thallus such as crustose lichens. It is seemed that only crustose lichens on the stone were due to the drymarble stone. From the results described above, distribution of lichens showed that only crustose lichens on the stone from the short history (about 100-200 years) were grown with small size of circle form, stone buildings over 500 years were covered with crustose, folios and fruticose lichens, and the lichens distribution on the stonemore than 500 years appeared more foliose and fruticose than crustose type. Therefore, it is suggested that the succession of lichens on the stone buildings iscrustose$\rightarrow$foliose$\rightarrow$fruticose.Parmelia mexicana, Cladonia floerkeana, Ramalina yasudae identified are described in this paper and other unidentified species of saxicolous lichens will bedescribed later.

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A Survey on the Children한s Notion in Kimchi(I) - Children한s Preferences for Kimchi - (어린이의 김치의식에 관한 실태조사 (I) - 김치 선호도에 관한 조사 -)

  • Song, Yeong-Ok;Kim, Eun-Hee;Kim, Myung;Moon, Jung-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.758-764
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    • 1995
  • A survey on the kimchi preference among elementray school students in Pusan was conducted in April of 1995 to get basic information needed for the development of special kimchi for the children. Total of 1100 children in 2nd, 4th and 6th grade from public and private elementary school participated in this survey. Sixty eight percent of students answered that they like kimchi. However, kimchi preference(17.6%) among other side dishes-pork cuttlet.ham.sausage(54.1%), egg roll(9.4%), soysauced beef(8.2%), toasted laver(6.3%), bean sprout namul(3.0%), danmooji(1.0%), and squash namul(0.4%)-was relatively low. It can be interpreted that elementary school student prefers processed food specially animal food to kimchi. The hot taste of the kimchi was the number one reason of their dislike of kimchi, and it was the most important reason for those also like kimchi. Thus it can be thought as the representative taste of kimchi. Chinese cabbage kimchi was found to be the most favorite kimchi and kakdugi(seasoned pickles of cubed radish), nabak-kimchi(mildly seasoned water based kimchi that is mixture of chinese cabbage and cubed radish) and jchonggag kimcchi(seasoned pickles of pony tail radish) and cucumber kimchi were followed in order. Among the various ingredients in kimchim children like cabbage best but they didn't like galic, ginger, green onion and fermented fish sauce which give strong flavor in kimchi.

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Fresh Kills Park Design, Staten Island, New York (프레쉬 킬스 공원 조경설계)

  • Jeong Wook-Ju;James Corner
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.33 no.1 s.108
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    • pp.93-108
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    • 2005
  • Fresh Kills is the largest landfill in the world located in the west side of Staten Island, New York. The landfill served as a storage area for New York City's trash for more than 50 years. After years of civilian and political pressure, state and local legislation decided its closure of landfill operation in Fresh Kills in March 2001. Soon after, Department of City Planning announced a Fresh Kills international design com-petition: 'Landfill to Landscape'. The winning entry was promised to be outline for the redevelopment of the 2,200 acre site which the size of three times Central Park. Forty-eight teams representing more than 200 offices from around world submitted proposals, from which six finalists that mostly led by landscape architects were selected. In December 2001, a jury of architects, landscape architects and city officials unanimously selected Field Operations as the winner. The plan, named Lifescape, visualizes the gradual 20-year transformation of the whole Staten Island into a 'natural lifestyle island' recognizing that Staten Island is home to coastal wetlands that shelter one of the most diverse ecosystems in the New York metropolitan area. It suggested that an ecologically reconstituted Fresh Kills could become the center of integrated parks and greenways system on the island otherwise fragmented. The project will be one of the largest and most ambitious undertakings in the metropolis in years developing a complex web of habitats and parklands on top of mountain of trash. This study tries to achieve two goals: One is to provide general explanations on the project, Lifescape, breaking down to its background, geographical context, design concepts and phased development plan. Another is to introduce the unique and innovative design approaches by Field Operations that are different from a conventional landscape architectural attitude. Since this project was well published through many magazines and newspapers, main focus will be upon aspects that differentiate this project from usual landscape projects. Conceptually Lifescape brought provocative notions on nature/culture relationship and the role of urban park as an active agency rather than just a green rest area. Also this project introduced pioneering graphics like plan collage, diagrammatic plan, phasing diagram and photo montage as vehicles conveying information, imagination and provocation. Witnessing the influence of the project gradually in the field of academic and practice in the States, this study is intended to become a constructive reference to similar landscape projects dealing with large and complex urban context in conjunction with restructure of contemporary city.

The Changes of Psychological and Physiological Emotional Responses According to Change of the Index of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) due to Air Conditioning Types (공조방식에 의한 예상 온열감 반응(PMV) 변화에 따른 심리/생리적 감성반응의 변화)

  • Kim, Bo-Seong;Min, Yoon-Ki;Min, Byung-Chan;Kim, Jin-Ho
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.645-652
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    • 2011
  • This study examined changes of both psychological and physiological emotional responses according to change of the PMV (predicted mean vote) in the heating and the cooling air conditions. For this purpose, the changes of PMV were induced by the heating and cooling operations of the HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems. In addition, positive/negative and arousal/relaxation were measured as the participant's psychological emotional responses, and HR (heart rate) was measured as the participant's physiological emotional responses. As a result, in same range of the PMV, both psychological and physiological emotional-responses were changed by air conditioning. It is suggested that occupant's emotional responses would depend on the operational conditions of heating and cooling in indoor thermal environments, and both psychological and physiological emotional response should be considered when occupants try to match the indoor thermal environments to their thermal expectations.

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Comparison on the Time series of Housing Viewpoint of University Student (대학생 주거관의 시계열적 비교)

The Measurement of Folacin Content in Korean Foods -Part 3. Folate Distribution in Various Foods- (한국 상용 식품의 엽산 분석에 관한 연구 -제 3 보-)

  • Kim, Young-Min
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.53-63
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    • 1979
  • In continuation of the previous $studies^{2{\sim}3)}$, the folate activity levels in 226 Korean food items were determined by a modified microbiological assay with Lactobacillus casei. There was a large variation in folate activity between the different food groups as well as between each individual food. There was also a wide variation in the biologic availability of folate in foods and the different forms of the folate with different foods in varying amounts. Data showed that almost always, foods cooked and/or processed were lower in folate activity than fresh or raw food and the amount of the loss varied greatly in each food. In calculating dietary intake, total rather than free folate activity levels should he used. In addition, loss of folate activity during cooking and processing of foods should be considered as a major concern for appraising diets and food supplies. Among all assayed food items, including Part $I^{2)}}$ and $I^{3)}$, yeast 2800. ug total per 100g the highest folate level. Soybean, spinach, Shepherd's purse and liter of beef and pork had over 100 ug total per 100 g folate activity. Folate ranging over 50 ug total per 100 g was found in all dried legumes, nuts and seeds assayed, Garland Chrysanthemum, leek, mugwort, wafer cress, asparagus, e99 folk and beef kidney. Wheat, sweet Potatoes,dried fungus, green onion, hotrod pepper, lettuce, radish and some fermented soybeen products had considerably higher folate content ranging around 40 ug total per 100 g. Substantial amounts of folate were not found in many food groups, and among specific groups, in part in starch, sweets, fruits, meat, fish, milk, and cooked and processed foods. Soused fish, oils and fats, beverages, liquor and seasonings, other than fermented soybean products, had almost no folate.

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Production of Single Cell Protein using the wasted CO2 gas in Semi-continuous and Continuous Process (폐탄산가스 고정화를 위한 반연속식 및 연속식 공정에서의 Single Cell Protein 생산)

  • Shin, Hang-Sik;Jang, Min-Young;Chae, So-Ryong;Park, Bong-Sun
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.73-78
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    • 2001
  • The biological carbon dioxide fixation using microalgae and photo-bioreactor has been known as an effective carbon dioxide reduction technology. As algae has many other environmental factor for its growth, the desirable cultivation factors were investigated using a green alga, Euglena gracilis Z. In this study, Euglena gracilis Z showed good $CO_2$ fixation ability in high $CO_2$ concentration of 10-20% and it contained the high protein and vitamin E enough to be used as fodder. For the mass cultivation, the continuous and semi-continuous cultivation methods were employed. The optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT) for the continuous cultivation was 4 days at carbon dioxide concentration of 10%. In this condition, the final cell number was $3.57{\times}10^6/m{\ell}$. The growth of Euglena gracilis Z increased according to the light intensity.

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Bacterial Contamination Reduction of Minimally Processed Agricultural Products using Antibacterial Foods and Molecular Biological Analysis (항균성 식품을 이용한 간편섭취 농산물 미생물오염의 감소 및 분자생물학적 분석)

  • Kim, Jin-Ah;Lee, Sung-Deuk;Hwang, Kwang-Ho;Song, Mi-Ok;Park, Jung-Eun;Kim, Da-Mi;Chung, Ae-Hee;Oh, Young-Hee
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 2016
  • The purposes of this study are to confirm ways to reduce bacteria of minimally processed agricultural products, using antibacterial foods that are easily available in home and to improve bacterial hygienic condition of them. We chose garlic-allicin, ginger-gingerol, green tea-catechin, cinnamon-cinnamic aldehyde, wasabi-allyl isothiocyanate as antibacterial foods and their unique antibiotic materials. We confirmed the better washing effect when these antibiotic extracts were used, compared to washing effect by only distilled water. Their antibiosis was proved by statistical processing. PFGE (Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis) of Bacillus cereus shows continuous contamination probability of minimally processed vegetables by same product suppliers and the necessity of systematic measures against bacterial contamination.

Effects of the Wet Cleaning to the Color Change of the Dyed Fabrics with Natural Dyes (천연염색포의 습식세척에 의한 색상변화)

  • Baek, Young-Mee;Goto-Doshida, Sumiko;Saito, Masako
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.21-27
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    • 2012
  • In the Chosun period, the noble class usually buried the dead bodies in the lime-covered tomb. Recently their costumes are excavated while maintaining the shape. However, the textiles discovered from the inside have been degradated by a body and moisture. To conserve these textiles one of the most important thing is how to clean these textiles right after the excavation. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of wet cleaning to minimize the color change of textile remains. For this purpose, silk and cotton were dyed with natural dyes (7 red, 1 blue, 6 yellow, 4 green and 4 purple colors), then they were kept for 6 months with pork meat at $10^{\circ}C$, and were washed by four cleaning solutions (water, anionic surfactant (SDS), non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) and natural surfactant (saponin)) at $20^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$. The color change was evaluated by color difference (${\Delta}E$) between non-treated and after washed samples. From the results, it was found that the color changes are significantly different depending on the washing temperature, textile material, the cleaning agents and the type of dyes.

A Study on the Operation & Management of Smart City R&D Testbed Projects (스마트시티 관련 R&D 테스트베드 사업의 운영관리 방향에 관한 연구)

  • Han, Sun-Hee;Lee, Jae-Yong
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.15 no.7
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    • pp.13-25
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    • 2017
  • The Korean government is pursuing technological development through nearly every government agency, and Korea's growing R&D spending is yielding good results in many fields. With the country moving from the technology development stage to the demonstration stage, it is actively implementing testbed projects to demonstrate developed technologies and services. This is, however, not without problems. There is no consistent systematic system for the testbed projects because government agencies compete against each other in the planning of execution of R&D: they do not work together. The most serious problem is that both testbeds and developed technologies die out due to poor operation management after the completion of test projects. Research should, therefore, be done on operation management and commercialization. However, the government still does not consider the system after the test: it focuses on building testbeds to verify developed technologies. This study intends to determine the basic orientation of operation management to ensure maximum performance, efficiency, and continuity of national projects through intensive analysis of ongoing national R&D testbed projects and examination of success stories of operation management at home and abroad.