• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.689-696
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• 2015

The green manure crops are returned to soil when the plants are still green. The green manure crops play a role in reducing chemical fertilizers, improvement of soil fertility, reduction of soil erosion, weed control, and landscapes effect. Typical green manure crops are barley green manure, hairy vetch, chines milk vetch and clovers. We sowed 49 species of green manure crops in upland soil to increase the usage of green manure crops. We searched the effectiveness of green manure yield, C/N ratio, soil mulching, and landscape effect. The green manure crops that have $5tonha^{-1}$ or more of green manure yield (fresh weight) were 6 gramineous crops, 4 leguminous crops, and 3 others. Green manures yield in a short growth period was higher in gramineous crops than leguminous crops. Among the green manure crops, 3 gramineous crops, 12 leguminous crops, and 3 others were under 25 in C/N ratio. Seven gramineous crops, 8 leguminous crops, and 5 others were over 50% of soil covering rate. Green manure crops that have beautiful flowers were in total 16 kinds, such as 4 gramineous crops, 6 leguminous crops, and 6 others. In result, based on green manure yield and C/N ratio, excellent species in the green manure crops were 4 species (triticale, 2 kinds of hairy vetch, and lupin). Green manure crops that were effective at soil mulching were 20 species, like hairy vetch, oats, sorghum, phacelia, buckwheat, etc. Buckwheat, crotalaria, mustard plant, phacelia, and etc. could be available for landscape crops.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.442-447
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• 2011

Co-incorporation of Leguminosae with Gramineae could reduce the risk of nitrogen starvation phenomena caused by appling green manure of Gramineae alone. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of mixed sowing of hairy vetch and rye seeds on soil quality in mountainous highland. Mixed sowing of hairy vetch and rye increased the yield of green manure and nutrients compared with those for sowing of hairy vetch or rye alone. The yield of green manure from row seeding was $5.3Mg\;ha^{-1}$ compared with $4.8Mg\;ha^{-1}$ for broadcast seeding. Incorporation of the two green manure crops increased yield of red-bean by 58~92% as compared with yield for incorporation of rye alone. The results obtained in the study imply that mixed sowing of hairy vetch and rye can solve the problem of low emergence of hairy vetch in spring and high C/N ratio and rough incorporation of rye, in addition to increase in yield of green manure.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2000

Plant characteristics of four winter crop hairy vetch, red clover, crimson clover and rye as green manure were evaluated at three harvesting time(Apri1 23, May 9, May 28) in spring to select superior winter green manure crop. Rye and hairy vetch had superior wintering ability and produced high dry matter compared with crimson clover and red clover. But N amount of rye was small because of its low plant N% despite of early dry matter accumulation. Wintering ability of crimson clover was very poor, so its dry matter decreased rapidly with low seeding rate. Hairy vetch had high N % (4%, C:N ratio 11) and produced high N yield among four plant. It is estimated that hairy vetch have high N-fixing ability because its N% was not changed largely despite of dry matter accumulation at late harvesting time contrast to the other legume. It was thought that hairy vetch was superior green manure crop in considering yield of dry matter and N. (Key words : Winter legumes, Hairy vetch, Green manure yield, Nitrogen concentration)

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.279-284
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• 1996

청양재래와 유성 2호 2품종을 공시하여 원줄기를 10cm로 고정시키고, 구기순 채취길이를 20cm, 30cm, 40cm로 달리 하였을 때 구기자나무의 생육적 특성 및 구기순의 수량을 알아봄으로써 구기순 재배에 필요한 기초 자료를 얻고자 수행한 시험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유성2호가 청양재래에 비해 구기순 수, 구기순당 엽수, 주당 총엽수, 수확횟수는 많았고 구기순의 굵기는 굵었으나 엽장, 엽폭은 작았다. 2. 청양재래의 구기순 채취횟수는 4.5회이었으나 유성2호는 5.5회로서 청양재래보다 1회 더 채취할 수 있었다. 3. 구기순의 건물중은 $1.01{\sim}1.03g$이었고, 줄기 : 엽비율은 46 : 54로 엽비율이 8% 높았다. 4. 구기순의 수량은 청양재래가 $108{\sim}204kg/10a$이고 유성 2호는 $215{\sim}383kg/10a$ 이었으며, 유성 2호는 년차간의 수량 증감폭이 적어 재식 당년의 수량을 기대할 수 있었다. 5. 청양재래의 구기순 수를 제외한 공시품종의 각 생육형질은 수량과 고도의 정(正)의 상관적이었으며, 유성 2호의 구기순 수는 주당 총엽수를 제외한 각 생육형질 및 수량과 부(負)의 상관이 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2005

The effects of Rhizobium inoculant, nitrogen, phosphorus, and molybdenum on nodulation, dry matter production, yield attributes, pod and seed yields, protein and phosphorus contents in seed of pea (pisum sativum) var. IPSA Motorshuti-3 were assessed by a field experiment. Among the treatments Rhizobium inoculant in combination with 25kg P and 1.5kg Mo/ha performed best in recording number of nodules/plant, total dry matter yield, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 1000-seed weight, green pod yield, green and mature seed yields of pea. The highest green pod yield of 15.37 t/ha ($97.05\%$ increase over control) and green seed yield of 9.6t/ha ($69.31\%$ increase over control) were obtained by inoculating pea with Rhizobium inoculant in association with 25kg P and 1.5 Mo/ha. The effects of 60 or 120kg N/ha were comparable to Rhizobium inoculant in most cases. There were positive correlations among yield attributes, yield, protein and phosphorus contents in seeds of pea. From the viewpoint of yield attributes, yield, and seed quality, application of Rhizobium inoculant along with 25kg P and 1.5kg Mo/ha was considered to be the balanced combination of nutrients for achieving the maximum output from cultivation of pea in Shallow-Red Brown Terrace Soil of Bangladesh.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.267-270
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• 2011

Root-knot nematodes cause a significant damage on fruit yield and quality of green house growing crops. To asses the effect of eggplant rootstock, Torvum vigor', TaibyouVF' and 'Daitaro' were grafted on eggplants(Solanum melongena cv. Chookyang) and planted in root-knot nematode infested microplot in green house and compared their fruit yield, quality and plant growth with non-grafted control. Eggplant grafted with Torvum vigor had the highest fruit yield and top growth and followed by Daitaro. Non-grafted eggplant had lower yield but had higher root weight because of heavy root-knot nematode infection. Rootstock grafting in eggplant farming is a good alternative technique in root-knot nematode infested green houses without compromising fruit yield and can be applied instantly as organic farming practice.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제6권
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• pp.51-56
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• 1965

누수과다답(漏水過多沓)에서 미분탄회(微粉炭灰)의 시용(施用)이 수도수량(水稻收量) 및 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)에 미치는 영향(影響) 및 규산고토석회(硅酸苦土石灰), 석회(石灰) 등(等)과의 비효(肥效)를 비교(比較)하고저 실험처리구(實驗處理區)로 10a당(當) 규산고토석회(硅酸苦土石灰) 75kg구(區), 석회(石灰) 150kg구(區), 미분탄회(微粉炭灰) 75kg구(區), 150kg구(區), 225kg구(區), 300kg구(區), 375kg구(區), 450kg구(區) 및 무처리대조구(無處理對照區)를 두고 수도품종(水稻品種) 팔달(八達)을 공시(公試)하여 실험(實驗)하였는데 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 미분탄회(微粉炭灰), 규산고토석회(硅酸苦土石灰) 및 석회(石灰)의 시용(施用)은 무처리(無處理)에 비(比)하여 각구(各區) 모두 수도생육(水稻生育) 및 수량(收量)을 증대(增大)시키는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 특히 수량구성요소적(收量構成要素的)으로 보면 임실율(稔實率)을 높이는데 효과(?果)가 컸다. 2. 미분탄회(微粉炭灰)의 시용(施用)은 그 양(量)을 증가(增加)시킬수록 수량(收量)도 증가(增加)되는 경향(傾向)을 보였는데 10a당(當) 300kg 이상(以上)의 시용구(施用區)에 있어서는 큰 차이(差異)가 인정(認定)되지 않았으며, 이것은 규산고토석회시용구(硅酸苦土石灰施用區)의 수량(收量)과 거의 비슷한 것이었고 미분탄회(微粉炭灰) 225kg 시용구(施用區)는 석회시용구(石灰施用區)와 거의 그 수량(收量)이 동등(同等)하였다. 3. 따라서 미분탄회(微粉炭灰)의 시용량(施用量)은 10a당(當) 300kg내외(內外)가 효과적(?果的)인 것으로 보인다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.318-318
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• 2017

This study was conducted to find optimum mixed sowing ratio of green manure crops to reduce the use of chemical fertilizer as well as to increase the crop yield potential which will foster the utilization of green manure crops in the upland field in view of environment friendly agriculture. According to the study, the mixed ratio, 50:50, of hairy vetch and green barley showed highest nitrogen production yield in the soil due to the relatively higher organic nitrogen supply from the hairy vetch plant as well as nitrogen fixation from the air rather than other mixed ratio. In the 50:50 mixed ratio of hairy vetch and green barely total nitrogen amount in the soil showed 17.2kg per 10a, but in the other treatment ratio such as 75:25, 25:75. total nitrogen fixation amount were 16.7, 16.9 respectively. We also conducted the experiment to compare the effect of the mixed sowing treatment of green manure crops on the production of corn cultivated as a succeeding plant of hairy vetch. According to the result, the mixed ratio, 50:50, of hairy vetch and green barley treatment showed highest yield potential of corn as 153kg per 10a in seed weight which is due to the relatively higher organic nitrogen supply from the hairy vetch plant as well as nitrogen fixation from the air rather than other mixed ratio. In the mixed sowing treatment of hairy vetch 100 and barley 0 ratio, the corn production showed 148kg per 10a which is 5kg lower than that of hairy vetch 50 and barley 50 ratio, but showed statistically no difference between those two treatment. Otherwise, different treatments, such as hairy vetch 75 and barley 25, 25 and 75, 0 and 100 showed statistically different each other. Therefore, it was concluded that green manure crops, such as hairy vetch, green barley and rye were very effective crops to increase the soil fertility and gave the positive effect to the crops to give vegetative and propagative growth condition and, in turn, increased the yield potential. We have to make policy to enhance the utility of green manure crops in the upland crops as well as faddy field for the soil fertility and crop yield production which will guarantee prominent quality of environment friendly agriculture products.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.272-275
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• 2000

Winter green manure crops including legume increase grain yield of subsequent crop and substitute N fertilizer requirement with organic-No Hairy vetch grows vigorously and can provide N-rich green manure for corn with its soil incorporation after wintering. But, grain yield of corn as succeeding crop would be reduced if its planting time is delayed until late spring. This experiment was carried out to find the proper incorporation time of hairy vetch green manure and planting time of subsequent corn in cropping system with winter hairy vetch(green manure)-summer corn. Hairy vetch was incorporated into soil at a ten-day interval between April 10 and May 10 and corn was planted at 5 days after each hairy vetch incorporation. Soil nitrate concentration on April 10 and 20 in hairy vetch plot was slightly lower than that at winter fallow. Above-ground dry matter and organic-N of hairy vetch increased linearly with delayed hairy vetch incorporation time from April 10 to May 10. Average dry matter and organic-N produced by hairy vetch were 5.7 ton/ha and 248 kgN/ha, respectively. Corn growth and yield decreased as delayed corn planting time after May in spite of increasing dry matter and N-yield of hairy vetch. Nitrogen concentration of corn grain, stalk and whole plant at harvest were the highest in May 5 planting, but total N-uptake of May 5 planting were not different from that of April 25 planting because of lower grain yield. It was concluded that the proper incorporation time of hairy vetch and corn planting time were April 20 and April 25, respectively, because grain yield was the highest and corn could use hairy vetch-N effectively to produce dry matter.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.281-289
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• 2015

In sustainable viticulture, green manure represents a safe and non-polluting way to bring large quantities of organic matter into the soil. The cultivation of green manure crops plays an important role in soil quality and sustainability of agricultural system. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of green manure fertilization on yield and quality of the Campbell Early grape variety in the organic vineyard. Hairy vetch was the more productive green manure crop, yielding higher dry materials. Average yields of grape were significantly greater in hairy vetch+rye ($13.02ton\;ha^{-1}$) than nature weed ($11.65ton\;ha^{-1}$), respectively. The concentrations of total as well as individual anthocyanins were consistently higher with hairy vetch treatment compared with rye and nature weed, thus making the green manure cultivation is an environmentally friendly cultivation to increase the yield and anthocyanin contents in organic grape.