• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.97-107
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• 1988

The forest vegetation occurring mainly at the mountain areas in periphery of Seoul were inversigated phyeosociologically. The granitic rocky outcrops are typical physiognomy on the study areas. The greater part of forests was the secondary vegetation to be disturbed by hyman impacts, because of being situated near the metropolis with a highly dense population. Four community types were largely differentiated by species composition. The representitive ones were the Quercus monogolica community and Pinus densiflora-Juniperus schinensis community, which are predominantly gorwing at the slopes above about 100m in altituse and the rocky ridges, respectively. The Betula chinensis-Potentilla dickinsii community at several single-peaks of windswept and the Zelkova serrata-Prunus padus community at stony valley are sporadically growing in a small area.

• 치과방사선
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.365-372
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• 1993

Branchial cleft cyst is the most common lateral neck cyst; the vast majority are of the second branchial cleft origin. This presumably reflects the greater depth and longer persistence of the second cleft, compared with the first, third, and fourth clefts. We experienced a 49-year-old male whose chief complaint was a abnormal mass of the left parotid gland area and neck. As a result of careful analysis of clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings, we diagnosed it as a second branchial cleft cyst in the neck and obtained results as follows: 1. In clinical examination, there was a 10×15㎝ sized, fluctuant painful mass in the left neck and parotid area. 2. In radiographic examination, a low echogenic mass with internal cystic change in the inferior parotid gland area was noted sonographically. Computed tomograph showed a 3×4㎝ sized, well-defined cystic mass with heterogenous solid component in the anterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle. MRI revealed 5×6㎝ sized, well-marginated multi separated mass in the same area. 3. In histopathological examination, lining of cyst was stratified squamous epithelium with typical lymph node pattern and inflammatory cell infiltration.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2023

PURPOSE. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of various 3D printers and a milling machine. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The die model was designed using CAD (Autodesk Inventor 2018 sp3). The 30 ㎛ cement space was given to the die and the ideal crown of the mandibular left first molar was designed using CAD (ExoCAD). The crowns were produced using the milling machine (Imes-icore 250i) and the 3D printers (Zenith U, Zenith D, W11) and they were divided into four groups. In all groups, the interior of each crown was scanned (Identica blue) and superimposed (Geomagic Control X) with the previously designed die. The difference between the die and the actual crown was measured at specific points. The Kruskal-Wallis test, the Mann-Whitney test, and Bonferroni's method were performed with a statistical analysis software (P < .008 in inter-group comparison P < .001 in intra-group comparison). RESULTS. In all groups, the center of the occlusal area and the anti-rotational dimple area showed significantly greater difference and the marginal area showed the smallest difference comparatively. The mean value of the difference in each area and the sum of the differences were higher in order of W11, Imes-icore 250i, Zenith D, and Zenith U. CONCLUSION. The digital light processing (DLP) method shows higher accuracy compared to the sereolithography (SLA) method using the same resin material.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.36-47
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• 2019

Purposes : The purpose of this study is to analyze empirically the consturct development of brand trust in dental clinic service and its influence on both satisfaction and brand loyalty of clinic users in Seoul area. Methodology : To test the hypotheses, the structured instrument was employed to question to patients and their guardians who had used dental clinics in the metropolitan area. 207 cases were analyzed with structural equation method through SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 22.0, and findings of the test as follows. Findings : Firstly, both functional and associative images had a positive impact on the brand trust. Especially we found the influence of functional images was greater than that of the brands' associative images. Secondly, the satisfaction of dental clinic users had greater positive influence on the clinics with greater trust. Thirdly, the higher the satisfaction of health service consumers, the more positive effect on brand loyalty. This relationship between the satisfaction of dental clinic users and brand loyalty match the findings of previous studies on relations of similar variables. Practical Implications : This study shows that with greater satisfaction, the referral rate and the revisit rate of users would increase. This implies that dental clinics need to take appropriate actions to build brand trust with advertising and/or PR strategies for a good brand image. It would be necessary to research further expected variables that influence users' brand loyalty in the service, such as the dentists' level of expertise, their relationship level with customers, the quality of dental services and et al..

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 1969

Skin temperatures on 10 sites and rectal temperature at every 10 minutes, oxygen consumption at every 20 minutes were measured on 18 male subjects (ages between 14 and 47 years) after exposure to cold air at $15^{\circ}C$ for two hours in a climatic room. Total body fat measured by means of a skinfold method and ratio of body surface area (S) to body volume (V), S/V, were utilized as basis of observations. Surface area was calculated after DuBois equation and body volume was calculated by our original formula. In influencing on the heat loss from the body core to the cold environment, % fat showed inverse relations, whereas, S/V ratio showed direct relations. Thus these two factors acted antagonistically on the body heat loss. Local skin temperatures showed negative correlations with skinfold thickness on the same site, nemaly, on chest, r=-.567; on back, r=-.507; and on upper arm, r=-.353. The other 7 skin sites showed low correlations with % fat. Minimum mean weighted skin temperature (MWST) showed a negative correlation (r=-.443) with % fat, and showed no correlation with S/V ratio. Oxygen consumption in the cold air at $15^{\circ}C$ increased from the first measurement at 20 minutes after exposure and maintained the same increasing trend up to 120 minutes. ${\Delta}T_R$ was greater in tile lean subjects who showed a greater % change in oxygen consumption. The antagonistic actions of % fat and S/V ratio on the heat loss were manifested by observations as follows: minimum rectal temperature was higher In fat subjects (r=.600) and lower in subjects with a greater S/V ratio (=-.582), ${\Delta}T_R$ was smaller in fat subjects (r=-.738) and greater in subjects with a greater S/V ratio (r=.618). Temperature difference between body core and skin surface (minimum rectal temperature minus minimum MWST) showed a positive correlation with % fat (r=.600) and a negative correlation with S/V ratio (r=-.881). Decrease in the mean body temperature and heat debt, respectively, showed negative correlations with % fat and positive correlations with S/V ratio.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2022

The objectives of this study were to assess physical habitat suitability of fish species for different life cycle stages and to suggest appropriate ecological stream flows in a Bokha downstream reach. A dominant species of Zacco platypus was selected as the study fish of which three stages of spawning, juvenile and adult in life cycle were considered into assessment. The stream hydraulic environment was calibrated with HEC-RAS before the PHABSIM simulation. The hydraulics of flow velocity and depth were used to estimate Weighted Usable Area (WUA) by multiplying respective habitat suitability indices with stream area. Overall the WUAs tend to be great in gentle slopes with relatively shallow water depth regions. Maximum WUAs, ie, candidate for ecological flow rates were 1 m³/s, 7 m³/s and 8 m³/s for the respective spawning, juvenile and adult stages of Zacco platypus. Since the ecological flow rates for juvenile and adult stages appeared to be is greater than the abundant flow rate (3.67 m³/s) for the study reach, additional water supply may be needed but should be cautious to avoid the spawning period of Apr through May from the stream water management perspective.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.95-119
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• 2024

최근 서울대도시권 내 기업가정신의 공간분포에 관한 여러 연구가 있어 왔지만, 기업가 집적지들의 산업구성과 공간 분포 사이의 관계를 면밀히 살펴보지 못했다. 이에 본 연구는 2021년 벤처 캐피털 투자액 자료를 이용해 먼저 핫스팟 분석을 통해 기업가 집적지를 식별하였다. 이어서 집적지의 산업구성을 분석하기 위해 산업 다양성 및 전문화, 소프트웨어 및 비소프트웨어 산업 비중을 측정하였고, 집적지 조성 관련 정책도 검토하였다. 그 결과, 서울대도시권 내 14개의 기업가 집적지를 확인하였고, 도심에 인접한 집적지일수록 산업 다양성과 소프트웨어 산업 비중이 높으며, 정책이 교외 집적지의 산업 전문화에 크게 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 이해를 바탕으로 집적지 정책이 수립되어야 함을 시사한다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.336-346
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• 1995

Geotechnical Information System (GTIS) for efficient management of three dimensional borehole data has been developed. Some problems were raised during the input process of borehole data, and alternative solutions were sought. According to the previous geotechnical reports, there is no unified weathering classification scheme. A criterion, 100 times/30cm from SPT, was turned out inappropriate to the discrimination of weathered rock from weathered soil. It has also been suggested that weathered soil, weathered rock, soft rock, and hard rock should be defined as CW, HW, MW, and SW~fresh condition. For better comparison of RQD, the use of NX size coring is recommended for the whole area although BX size coring has been used in excavated area. The limit of drilling depth up to 1 m from the top of surface of hard rock should be extended to avoid possible wrong interpretation of rock head due to the existence of corestone. The input data were analysed by geostatistical methods. It is found that the range in semivariogram is about 300m, and the variance of gneiss is greater than that of granite. It is because the granite data analysed came from almost single uniform rock mass(i.e.Seoul granite), but gneiss data came from the rock mass(i.e. Gyeonggi gneiss complex experienced several metamorphic metamorphic processes.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.201-202
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• 1999

대부분 모델링에서 기상자료는 배출자료와 함께 모델링의 결과를 좌우하는 중요한 두 축이다. 서울, 수도권의 경우 특히 2 m/s 내외의 낮은 풍속 조건에서 오존 농도가 상승함에 따라 국지 변화가 크고 (김영성, 오현선, 1999) 따라서 1 km 내외의 격자 단위 모델링을 지원하기 위한 모델 개발과 이에 상응하는 배출자료, 기강자료가 필요하다.(중략)

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.89-90
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• 2000

건식 침적은 강수가 없는 경우에 대기중의 오염물질이 식생, 토양, 수면 등의 지표면으로 직접 이동되는 과정을 일컫는 것으로서, 다음 식 (1)과 같이 대기중 오염물질의 농도와 건식 침적속도의 곱으로서 건식 침적속을 구할 수 있다. F=$V_d$.C 이때, F는 건식 침적속 (g/$\textrm{m}^2$/sec), $V_d$는 건식 침적속도 (m/sec), C는 대기중의 오염물질 농도 (g/$\textrm{m}^3$)이다. (중략)