• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.116-124
• /
• 2001

Background and Objetive : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various electroacupuncture stimulation on NADPH-diaphorase in cerebral cortex, brain stem, cerebellum of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Materials and Methods : We evaluated the changes of NADPH-d-positive neurons using a histochemical method. The staining intensity of NADPH-d-positive neurons was assessed in a quantitative fashion using a microdensitometrical method based on optical density by means of an image analyzer. Results and Conculsion : The average optical density of NADPH-d-positive neurons of 100 Hz (bipolar square wave 0.2 ms duration and 100 Hz frequency) electroacupuncture treatment group significantly increased in most cortical areas comparison between the manual acupuncture and 2 Hz (bipolar square wave 0.2 ms duration and 2 Hz frequency) electroacupuncture groups. In the brain stem, the optical density of NADPH-d-positive neuron at only superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus area was same as cerebral cortex. We conclude that the morphological evidence for NADPH-d-positive neurons may be have regional change in cerebral cortex brain stem and cerebellum according to various electroacupuncture stimulations.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.153-158
• /
• 1999

As a basic research for the development of the automatic grading and sorting system for dried oak mushrooms, the device to acquire both cap and gill side images of mushroom has been developed and neural network based side recognition and quality grading has been proposed via inputting both side images. 20 quality grades have been selected considering the requirement of grade classifications imposed by the mushroom company. Developed DC motor driven‘V’type reversing device for the image acquisition of both side images of mushroom showed more than 95% success. Most error was caused by very small size mushrooms with a radius of around 1cm. However, it required a further research to reduce the reversing time. Grading and side recognition were performed via inputting normalized size factors and average gray levels of $8{\times}8$ grids converted from the raw images of both surfaces to the multi-layer back propagation(BP) network. Accuracy of the grading showed about 88.5% and the total grading time including reversing operation was around 2 seconds.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.797-800
• /
• 2005

In this paper, the designed 10-bit current steering data driving circuit consists of bias circuits, shift registers, data and line latches, level shifters, and 10-bit D/A converters. This data driving circuit can improve image quality, driving speed, and can reduce process error, DNL error, and glitch noise. To reduce current cells, the 10-bit D/A converter was designed 3+3+4 hybrid type. As a result 49 current cells are decreased. The transient analysis shows that currents flows a few of mA in data line and the currents have 1024 gray levels of current values. Total circuits are designed for 10 ${\mu}s$ speed. Thus the designed 10-bit current steering data driving circuit can be usable in HDTV/XGA AMOLED displays. These data driving circuits are designed for 0.35 ${\mu}m$ CMOS process at 3.3 V and 18 V supply voltage and simulated with HSPICE..

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.30 no.5_6
• /
• pp.454-460
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we propose an efficient method for recognizing human lips. Based on Point Distribution Model, a lip shape is represented as a set of points. We calculate a lip model and the distribution of shape parameters using Principle Component Analysis and Gaussian mixture, respectively. The Expectation Maximization algorithm is used to determine the maximum likelihood parameter of Gaussian mixture. The lip contour model is derived by using the gray value changes at each point and in regions around the point and used to search the lip shape in a image. The experiments have been performed for many images, and show very encouraging result.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.93-97
• /
• 1997

A case of cervical chordoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration is discussed. A 41year-old male was admitted due to dyspnea on neck flexion. Radiologic image revealed a retrotracheal superior mediastinal solid mass. Aspiration cytology showed many clusters of oval or large polygonal cells having abundant eosinophilic or bubbly cytoplasm in an amorphous blue-gray mucoid background. The nuclei were round and showed size variation, coarse granular chromatin, and indistinct nucleoli. Some cells contained brown granular pigments in the cytoplasm. Mitoses were rarely found. The cytoplasm was strongly positive for PAS stain. Immunohistochemical stains using cell block revealed positive reaction for cytokerain, EMA, vimentin, and S-100 protein. The confirmative diagnosis was made by following excisional biopsy. Electron microscopic study revealed large pools of intracytoplasmic glycogen and microfilaments. This is the first case of cervical chordoma diagnosed by aspiration cytology to our knowledge in Korean literature.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
• /
• v.49 no.12
• /
• pp.683-689
• /
• 2000

Two-dimensional(2-D) fiber-optic code-division multiple-access(FO-CDMA) system utilizes the optical orthogonal signature pattern code(OOSPC) to encode and decode 2-D data. Encoded 2-D data are spatially multiplexed and transmitted through an image fiber and receiver recovers the intended data by means of thresholding process. OOSPC's construction methods based on expansion of the optical orthogonal code, which is used in one-dimensional(1-D) FO-CDMA system, are introduced. Each OOSPC's performances are compared by using the bit error rate(BER) of interfering OOSPC's of other users. From the results we verify that a balanced incomplete block design(BIBD) construction has the best performance among other mehtods. We also propose a decomposed bit-plane method for parallel transmission and recovery of 256 gray-scale images using OOSPC's constructed by the BIBD method. The simulation result encourages the feasibility of parallel transmission and recovery of multiuser's images.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.922-930
• /
• 2004

An experimental investigation was performed to study on the generation of air bubble and air core with swirling flow in a horizontal cicular tube. To determine some characteristics of the flow, 2D PIV technique is employed for velocity measurement in water. The experimental rig is manufactured from an acryl tube. The test tube diameter of 80mm, and a length of 3000mm. The used algorithm is the gray leve cross-correlation method(Kimura et al. 1986). An Ar-ion laser is used and the light from the laser(500mW) passes through a probe to make two-dimensional light sheet. In order to make coded images of the tracer particles on one frame, an AOM(Acoustic-Optical Modulator) is used. The maximum axial velocities showed near the test tube wall at y/D =0.1 and y/D =0.9 along the test tube. The higher Reynolds number increase, the lower axial velocities are showed in the center of the test tube. The air bubbles are generated from Re =10,000 and developed into air core from the recirculating water pump rpm equal 30Hz. The pressure and temperature are measured across the test tube at X/D=3.33.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.285-288
• /
• 2005

We propose a novel programmable miniature vision module based on a custom designed analog VLSI (aVLSI) chip. The vision module consists of the optical flow vision sensor embedded with commercial off-the-shelves digital hardware; in our case is the Intel XScale PXA270 processor enforced with a programmable gate array device. The aVLSI sensor provides gray-scale imager data as well as smooth optical flow estimates, thus each pixel gives a triplet of information that can be continuously read out as three independent images. The particular computational architecture of the custom designed sensor, which is fully parallel and also analog, allows for efficient real-time estimations of the smooth optical flow. The Intel XScale PXA270 controls the sensor read-out and furthermore allows, together with the programmable gate array, for additional higher level processing of the intensity image and optical flow data. It also provides the necessary standard interface such that the module can be easily programmed and integrated into different vision systems, or even form a complete stand-alone vision system itself. The low power consumption, small size and flexible interface of the proposed vision module suggests that it could be particularly well suited as a vision system in an autonomous robotics platform and especially well suited for educational projects in the robotic sciences.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 1999

A linear feature often provide sufficient information for image understanding and coding. An objective of the research reported in this paper is to develop and analyze the reliable methods of extracting lines in gray scale images. The Hough Transform is known as one of the optimal paradigms to detect or identify the linear features by transforming edges in images into peaks in parameter space. The scheme proposed here uses the fuzzy gradient direction model and weights the gradient magnitudes for deciding the voting values to be accumulated in parameter space. This leads to significant computational savings by restricting the transform to within some support region of the observed gradient direction which can be considered as a fuzzy variable and produces robust results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.191-192
• /
• 2015

전립선비대증(Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, BPH)은 전립선조직중에 이행구역의 결절성증식과 요도 주위의 과증식(Hyperplasia)이 특징이다. 경직장초음파(TRUS: transrectal ultrasonography)검사를 이용한 진단에 있어 정상조직과 비대되어 있는 조직의 영상 차이를 비교하고 수량화로 나타내었다, 영상분석에는 GLCM 통계적 파라미터 중에서 Autocorrelation, Cluster Prominence, Entropy, Sum average를 4개의 파라미터에서 병변 인식이 가능하였고 인식 효율은 92-98%가 나왔다. 전립선비대증식에 대한 초음파영상을 가지고 컴퓨터영상처리분석을 제안하여 진단시 참고 자료가 될 것으로 기대한다.