• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.144-151
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• 2000

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxic effects of Houttuynia cordata Thunberg extracts on murine leukemia tumor cell lines. Disruptions in cell organelles were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol iumbromide (MMT) assay. The comparison of $IC_{50}$ values of Houttuynia cordata Thunberg extracts on $L1210,\;P388D_1$ and Vero cell lines showed that the methanol extract of Houttuynia cordata Thunberg indicated the most antitumor activity in the MTT assay. In order to develop a antimicrobial agent, dried Houttuynia cordata Thunberg was extracted with several solvents, and then antimicrobial activity was investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracted substance against microorganisms were also examined. Antimicrobial activity of amocla and ketoconazole as references was compared to those of other solvent extracts such as $H_2O$, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate ethanol and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of all extracts from the sample had growth inhibition activity against gram-negative bacteria, yam-positive bacteria and fungi $(MIC,\;>\;200\;{\mu} g/ml)$. These results suggest that the methanol soluble extract of Houttuynia cordata Thunberg may be a valuable choice for the studies on the treaeent of murine leukemia tumor cell lines and antimicrobial agents.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2020

Parvimonas micra is a non-spore-forming anaerobic gram-positive coccus and a known commensal of the skin, gums, vagina, and gastrointestinal tract. It is rarely associated with severe infections, which typically follow invasive procedures such as dental treatment. We describe a case of a brain abscess caused by P. micra in an immunocompetent 11-year-old boy without periodontal disease. He presented with a 7-day history of headaches and vomiting, and complained of diplopia that began on the day of presentation. He did not have any recent dental treatment or specific past medical history. A brain abscess in the left frontoparietal lobe was noted on brain magnetic resonance imaging. P. micra was cultured from brain abscess aspirate. He was successfully treated with surgical drainage and combined antibiotic therapy with ceftriaxone and metronidazole for 6 weeks.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.609-616
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• 2011

In this study, a LCH1227 bacterial strain that possesses anti-listerial activity was isolated from fermented food and identified as Lactobacillus salivarius LCH1227 based on its morphological and biochemical properties, as well as its 16S rRNA gene sequences. Anti-listerial substance also inhibited the growth of various Gram-positive bacteria, such as vancomycinresistant Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus fermentum. The highest level of production of antimicrobial substances from L. salivarius LCH1227 occurred during the early stationary phase. The antilisterial activity was found to be stable over a broad range of pH values (2.0-12.0) and after heat treatment. However, it was inactivated by proteolytic enzymes, indicating its proteinaceous nature. The apparent molecular mass of the partially purified anti-listerial substance, as measured by Tricine-SDS-PAGE, was approximately 5 kDa.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 2010

This study aims to reveal how EA affects BAX and NF-kB involved in cell deaths from global ischemia, and to do this, observes the changes of BAX and NF-kB caused by EA application after transient global ischemia. The experimental method is to give rise to global ischemia and apply EA to 27 SD rats with the particulars of being six-week-old, male, around-300 gram-weighing, and adapted to laboratory environment for more than a week, and divide them into three groups, that is, GV20 EA group(n=9), L14 EA group(n=9), no-treatment GI group(n=9), and then observe their changes of BAX and NF-kB at the time lapse of 6 hours, 9 hours and 12 hours after ischemia, using western blotting. The numerical decrease of BAX expression at the time lapse of 9 hours after EA application, though not statistically significant, was observed in GV20 EA group and L14 EA group, and the NF-kB expression appeared statistically significant decrease in GV20 EA group and L14 EA group, but the expression was higher in the group with EA application. Therefore, EA application at the early phase of global ischemia is considered to affect BAX and NF-kB and play a positive role in decreasing apoptosis and cell deaths by inflammation.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.798-802
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• 2009

This study was performed to assess the presence of contaminated microorganisms of Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Bacillus cereus in the 112 commercial Saengshik products. E. coli was not detected in all the samples, but C. perfringens was detected in 11 products (9.8%). The number of the bacteria was less than 100 CFU/g, which was satisfactory to KFDA microbiological requirement. B. cereus was detected less than $10^2{\sim}10^3$ CFU/g in 7 products and $10^3{\sim}10^4$CFU/g in 13 products out of 25 products. Those detected bacteria from tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar and mannitol egg yolk polymyxin agar showed the typical characteristics of Gram positive and contained lecithinase, which can decompose egg-yolks layers in the biochemical test. Therefore, much more attention must be applied to satisfy the B. cereus requirement for Saengshik products sold in the market.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.184-189
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• 2005

In order to select probiotics having both a high survival rate and an ability to inhibit virulent pathogens, we have screened lactic acid bacteria and yeasts from Jeot-gal to examine their resistance to artificial gastric and bile juice. After being introduced in the artificial gastric acid for 2 hr, the isolated lactic acid bacteria and yeast were incubated for 24 hrs in the artificial bile juice. In particular, the strain ML 36, ML 128, and ML 178 survived the longest during 2 hr incubation period in the artificial gastric acid. All 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria, and 2 strains of yeast demonstrated higher growth rates than control in the artificial bile. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts was investigated to determine their efficiency as probiotic organisms. The lactic acid bacteria inhibited Gram positive and negative bacteria, while the yeast was marginally inhibited.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.70-77
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• 2007

Pseudomonas sp. KM1 was separated from soil contaminated by petroleum and identified. The isolated strain is Gram-positive, rod-shaped and immotile. In batch culture, the optimum cultivation temperature and pH was $35^{\circ}C$ and 7, respectively. Biodegradation of PAHs experiment with soil slurry system was performed using Pseudomonas sp. KM1. Pseudomonas sp. KM1 could degrade 7 PAHs including naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and fluoranthene. These mixed PAHs was easily degraded within one day except fluoranthene, which was degraded much slowly, taking several days by this isolated bacteria. Pseudomonas sp. KM1 is good candidate for bioremediation of PAHs contaminated soils. Biodegradation rates of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene in soils were different at each soil, and the rates were decreased as sorption capacity increased.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.851-857
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• 2011

This study was conducted to develop a real time reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) method for the detection of viable Enterobacteriaceae in milk using primers based on the genes of ribosomal proteins S11 and S13 and to determine effects of heating and subsequent treatments on the threshold cycle (Ct) of the real time RT-PCR. Total RNA was isolated from 17 strains of bacteria including 11 strains of Enterobacteriaceae suspended in milk using a modified Tri reagent method. SYBR Green Master Mix was added to the RNA and the mixture was subjected to the real time RT-PCR. The Cts of eleven type strains of the Enterobacteriaceae in milk ($10^7$ cells) in the real time RT-PCR ranged from 21.5 to 24.6. However, the Cts of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and three gram-positive bacteria were more than 40. The real time RT-PCR detected as low as $10^3$ cells in agarose gel electrophoresis. The Cts increased from 22.0 to 34.2 when milk samples contaminated with Escherichia coli ($10^7$ cells/mL) were heated at $65^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. In addition, subsequent incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ for 6 and 24 h increased the Cts further up to 36.2 and 37.2, respectively. Addition of RNase A to the bacterial suspension obtained from the heated milk and subsequent incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ for 1 h increased the Cts to more than 40. The results of this study suggests that pretreatment of bacterial cells heated in milk with RNase A before RNA extraction might enhance the ability to differentiate between viable and dead bacteria using real time RT-PCR.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.553-556
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• 2004

Bacillus species are aerobic, gram-positive, spore forming rods, and they are usually found in the surrounding environment. If they are isolated in the clinical specimen, they are generally considered as contaminants rather than a true pathogen. Infection with Bacillus licheniformis is usually associated with the immunocompromised state, trauma, an indwelling intravenous catheter or an intravenous drug abuser. This infection is easily controlled by removal of the catheter and surgical debridement of the local infected tissue as well as an appropriate antimicrobial therapy. We reported here on a case of Bacillus licheniformis bacteremia associated with a bronchoscopic procedure in an immune competent patient.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.586-593
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• 2016

A new methanogen was isolated from an anaerobic digester using pig slurry in South Korea. Only one strain, designated KOR-1, was characterized in detail. Cells of KOR-1 were straight or crooked rods, non-motile, 5 to $15{\mu}m$ long and $0.7{\mu}m$ wide. They stained Gram-positive and produced methane from $H_2+CO_2$ and formate. Strain KOR-1 grew optimally at $38^{\circ}C$. The optimum pH for growth was 7.0. The strain grew at 0.5% to 3.0% NaCl, with optimum growth at 2.5% NaCl. The G+C content of genomic DNA of strain KOR-1 was 41 mol%. The strain tolerated ampicillin, penicillin G, kanamycin and streptomycin but tetracycline inhibited cell growth. A large fragment of the 16S rRNA gene (~1,350 bp) was obtained from the isolate and sequenced. Comparison of 16S rRNA genes revealed that strain KOR-1 is related to Methanobacterium formicicum (98%, sequence similarity), Methanobacterium bryantii (95%) and Methanobacterium ivanovii (93%). Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced mcrA gene sequences confirmed the closest relative as based on mcrA gene sequence analysis was Methanobacterium formicicum strain (97% nucleic acid sequence identity). On the basis of physiological and phylogenetic characteristics, strain KOR-1 is proposed as a new strain within the genus Methanobacterium, Methanobacterium formicicum KOR-1.