• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.151-156
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the effect of light quality on evapotranspiration and graft-taking characteristics of watermelon grafted seedlings using blue, red and far-red light-emitting diodes (LED). At initial stage of graft-taking, blue light increased the evapotranspiration rate (EVTR) of grafted seedlings as compared to effects of red and far-red on EVTR of grafted seedlings. Grafted seedlings graft-taken under red and blue LED showed the high graft-taking of 100% and 96%, respectively. However, grafted seedlings graft-taken under far-red LED showed the graft-taking of 80% and survival of 60% with low seedlings quality after hardening. The stem of grafted seedlings graft-taken under red light was elongated but blue light suppressed the stem elongation. The leaf area of grafted seedlings graft-taken under red light was increased. It is concluded that the effect of light quality using LED on graft-taking of watermelon grafted seedlings was significantly recognized. Considering the duration of quality of grafted seedlings graft-taken under artificial lighting, LED could be used as an effective lighting sources to validate the continuance of seedling quality.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.379-384
• /
• 2001

To enhance the smooth graft-taking of grafted seedlings, the excessive evapotranspiration from grafted seedlings just after grafting should be avoided. A measurement system of the evapotranspiration rate of grafted seedling under artificial lighting was set up to investigate the effect of physical environment on the evapotranspiration and graft-taking characteristics of grafted seedlings quantitatively. The evapotranspiration rate of grafted seedlings affected by relative humidity and light intensity were analyzed using the measurement system. The hypocotyl of watermelons (Citrullus vulgaris cv. Sweetdew, Hungnong Seed Co.) was slantly cut and then inserted into a hole on the stem of rootstock (Lagenaria siceraria cv. FR-King, Hungnong Seed Co.). Grafted seedlings were healed and joined for 5 days under cool-white fluorescent lamps (FL20SEX-d/18, Keumho Electric Co.) with photoperiod of 12h$.$d$\^$-1/ except dark period for one day after grafting in a closed graft-taking enhancement system developed by Kim(2000). The evapotranspiration rate and graft-taking of grafted seedling at air temperature of 23$\^{C}$ and air current speed of 0.1m$.$s$\^$-1/ was highly affected by relative humidity. But light intensity showed higher effect on the stem length of scion than relative humidity. In conclusion, it was suggested that relative humidity should be controlled at higher than 90% with photosynthetic photon flux of 50$\mu$mol$.$m$^2$$.$s$\^$-1/ to increase the survival of grafted seedlings and to produce healthy seedlings.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
• /
• pp.632-638
• /
• 2000

This paper represents the characteristics of evapotranspiration rate (EVTR) and graft-taking of watermelon grafted seedlings in a graft-taking enhancement system using fluorescent lamps as artificial lighting source. Four air temperature levels of 23, 25, 27 and 29C, three humidity levels of 85, 90 and 95%R.H. and two photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) levels of 30 and 50 ${\mu}$mol m$\^$-2/ S$\^$-1/ were provided to investigate the effects of air temperature, relative humidity and light intensity on EVTR and graft-taking of grafted seedlings. EVTR of grafted seedlings increased with increasing air temperature and the passage of time after grafting. Also EVTR increased with decreasing relative humidity. As relative humidity decreased and air temperature increased, vapor pressure deficit increased and thus EVTR increased. It is required to maintain a low level vapor pressure deficit for suppressing EVTR of grafted seedlings during first 1-2 days after grafting. Therefore, less EVTR at initial stage after grafting would be adequate for smooth joining of the scion and rootstock.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.449-453
• /
• 2006

Effect of light quality on plant temperatures at joining parts of grafted watermelon seedlings was investigated using a thermal imaging system in this study. Plant temperatures at joining parts lowered than those at stem region during graft-taking. However, difference in plant temperatures at joining parts and at stem region decreased by days after graft-taking. Plant temperatures of grafted seedlings graft-taken under white, blue, red, and blue + red fluorescent lamps repeatedly fluctuated high at photoperiod and low at dark period. Considering the variation of plant temperatures at joining pa퍼5, the illumination of blue and red light as well as white light will be effective for grafting of grafted watermelon seedlings. It is recommended that air temperature around grafted seedlings should be maintained at 27 to $29^{\circ}C$ for enhancing the physiological reaction of callus and for the smooth joining of scion and rootstock.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.190-202
• /
• 1995

Two oriental melons cultivars, ‘Geumssaragi Euncheon’(GSEC) and ‘House Eunchon’(HEC), were grafted onto different rootstocks and the growth, mineral contents and fruit quality were examined. The seedlings grafted onto‘Geumtozwa’rootsticks showed about 10% defected seedling loss(wilting or dwarfing0as compared to the little or no loss in the seedlings grafted onto 'Sintozwa' or 'Chamtozwa' rootstocks. The seedings grafted onto 'Sintozwa' or 'Chamtozwa' rootstocks also exhibited better vine growth as compared to the intact seedlings or the seedlings grafted onto 'Geumtozwa' rootstocks. The fruits growth, as measured by fruits length, fruit diameter and fruit fresh weight, was accelerated by the rootstocks especially by 'Sintozwa' and 'Chamtozwa' . Intact oriental melons showed the highest soluble solids content in the fruit pericarp followed by 'Chamtozwa' rootstocks. Sucrose contents were higher in the seedling grafted onto 'Sintozwa', whereas higher glucose and fructose contents were measured in intact GSEC fruits or HEC fruits on 'Chamtozwa' rootstock. As compared to the intact plants, the seedling grafted onto 'Sintozwa' rootstock showed higher N. P and K and lower Ca and Mg contents in leaves, stems, roots and fruits. 'Geumtozwa' rootstock, developed specially for oriental melons, showed very similar pattern of mineral absorption or distribution as compared to the intact plants.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.213-220
• /
• 2000

Grafting of fruit-bearing vegetables has been widely used to increase the resistance to soil-borne diseases, to increase the tolerance to low temperature or to soil salinity, to increase the plant vigor, and to extend the duration of economic harvest time. After grafting, it is important to control the environment around grafted seedlings for the robust joining of a scion and rootstock. Usually the shading materials and plastic films are used to keep the high relative humidity and low light intensity in greenhouse or tunnel. It is quite difficult to optimally control the environment for healing and acclimation of grafted seedlings under natural light. So the farmers or growers rely on their experience for the production of grafted seedling with high quality. If artificial light is used as a lighting source for graft-taking of grafted seedlings, the light intensity and photoperiod can be easily controlled. The purpose of this study was to develop a prototype system for the graft-taking enhancement of grafted seedlings using artificial lighting and to investigate the effect of air current speed on the distribution of air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking enhancement system. A prototype graft-taking system was consisted by polyurethane panels, air-conditioning unit, system controller and lighting unit. Three band fluorescent lamps (FL20SEX-D/18, Kumho Electric, Inc.) were used as a lighting source. Anemometer (Climomaster 6521, KANOMAX), T-type thermocouples and humidity sensors (CHS-UPS, TDK) were used to measure the air current speed, air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking system. In this system, air flow acted as a driving force for the diffusion of heat and water vapor. Air current speed, air temperature and relative humidity controlled by a programmable logic controller (UP750, Yokogawa Electric Co) and an inverter (MOSCON-G3, SAMSUNG) had an even distribution. Distribution of air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking enhancement system was fairly affected by air current speed. Air current speed higher than 0.1m/s was required to obtain the even distribution of environmental factors in this system. At low air current speed of 0.1m/s, the evapotranspiration rate of grafted seedlings would be suppressed and thus graft-taking would be enhanced. This system could be used to investigate the effects of air temperature, relative humidity, air current speed and light intensity on the evaportranspiration rate of grafted seedlings.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.352-357
• /
• 2006

참외의 대목종류가 뿌리의 발달과 활력에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 자근묘에 비해 접목묘의 뿌리 생장이 우수하였으며 접목묘 중에서는 세력이 강한 품종으로 알려진 '신토좌', '엘리트호박'의 생장이 좋았다. 뿌리의 활력과 관련된 일비액의 분비는 자근묘보다 접목묘에서 우수하였고 뿌리의 발달과 일비속도의 증가는 지온변화와 높은 상관관계를 나타내어 지온이 상승할수록 뿌리 발달이 촉진되고 근 활력이 우수하였다. 과실의 수량은 접목묘에서 무거웠으나 품질은 자근묘에서 높았다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.358-363
• /
• 2006

대목의 종류가 참외의 생장, 비대 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 참외 지상부의 생육은 자근묘에 비하여 접목묘에서 생육이 빨랐으며, 접목묘 중에서는 홍토좌 보다는 엘리트, 신토좌에서 우수하였으며, 초장, 엽수 등 생육은 정식 30일 후부터 급격한 신장을 보였다. 과장과 과폭의 비대속도는 대목종류간에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 과실의 품질을 조사한 결과 자근묘에 비하여 세력이 강한 엘리트, 신토좌접목묘에서 과중은 무거웠으나, 당토는 엘리트 접목묘 $12.5^{\circ}Brix$에 비하여 자근묘에서 $1.4^{\circ}Brix$ 더 높았다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.275-283
• /
• 2010

작물의 묘소질은 정식 후 본포에서의 생육이나 수량, 품질에 영향을 미치기 때문에 작물 재배에서 있어서 육묘는 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 차광을 이용한 다양한 광 수준이 토마토묘와 수박 접목묘의 생육에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고 차광에 의해 변화된 초장, 건물중, 경경 등의 건묘를 나타내는 중요 생육지표간의 상관관계를 분석하여 그동안 사용된 건묘를 판단하는 지표에 대해 검토하기 위해 수행하였다. 차광은 PE 비닐을 이용하여 하루 중 누적광량을 25, 50, 75%를 감소시켰다. 50% 이상 차광할 경우 누적광량에 비하여 토마토묘와 수박 접목묘의 엽면적이 크게 증가하였고 엽면적 지수가 빠르게 증가하였다. 건물중은 차광수준에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 누적광량에 따른 토마토묘와 수박 접목묘의 생육은 무차광에 비하여 차광처리에서 빠르게 증가하였다. 토마토묘와 수박 접목묘의 경경은 차광 처리간의 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 토마토묘의 경우 단순히 초장과 건물중과의 상관관계가 높았지만 수박 접목묘의 경경은 초장과 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 토마토묘의 경경은 묘소질을 판단하기에는 부적절하지만 수박 접목묘의 경우 초장과 함께 경경은 묘소질 판단하는데 이용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.231-238
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 대목과 접수의 결합 단계에서 나타나는 스트레스를 오이접목묘의 엽록소형광반응, 엽록소함량, 활착 및 생장 특성 측면에서 분석하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해서 활착실 내의 광합성유효광양자속은 25, 50, 100, $150{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$의 4수준으로 설정되었고, 기온, 상대습도 및 LED 램프의 광주기는 각각 $25^{\circ}C$, 90%, $16h{\cdot}d^{-1}$이었다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 대목의 최대양자수율은 0.84-0.85로서 광량에 따른 분명한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 한편, 접수의 최대양자수율은 접목 후 2일째에 0.81-0.82로 낮게 나타났으나, 3일째부터 광량이 높을수록 접수의 최대양자수율이 증가하였다. 활착 후 4일째에 측정된 접수의 엽록소함량은 광량이 증가할수록 높게 나타났다. 오이접목묘의 활착율은 광량이 $100{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ 이하일 때 90-95% 정도로 높게 나타났으나, $150{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$의 처리구에서는 80% 정도로 저하되었다. 광주기에 따라 다르나, 오이접목묘의 활착에 적합한 한계 광량은 플러그 트레이 표면에 조사된 광량을 기준으로 $100{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ 정도이다. 본 연구에서 처리된 광강도 하에서 활착된 오이접목묘의 발근에 최소 2일이 소요되었고, 이 기간에 접수의 최대양자수율은 최저치로 나타났다. 활착 단계에서 조사되는 광량에 따라 대목과 접수의 변이형광과 최대양자수율이 다르게 나타났다. 그러므로 접목묘의 활착 단계에서 나타나는 스트레스를 줄이면서 대목의 발근을 촉진하고, 접수의 최대 양자수율이 급격하게 저하되는 것을 방지하려면 광 및 습도 등의 물리적 환경이 정확하게 제어되어야 한다. 향후 접목묘의 활착 단계에서 대목의 발근, 통도조직의 결합 상태, 수분의 이동에 따른 엽록소함량 변화를 정량적으로 구명할 필요가 있다.