• 식물병연구
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.172-178
• /
• 2022

The graft cactus (Gymnocalycium mihanovichii) continues to be exported to more than 20 countries worldwide. In April 2021, typical bacterial symptoms of soft rot were observed in the graft cactus (cv. Yeonbit) in Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, resulting in economic losses in cactus production. The stems turned dark brown and the flowers were covered with black rot. The bacterial strain designated as KNUB-01-21 was isolated from infected stems and flowers. The results of the morphological and biochemical tests of the isolate were similar to those of Pectobacterium brasiliense. For molecular analysis, the 16S rRNA region and three housekeeping genes (dnaX, leuS, and recA) of the strain KNUB-01-21 were amplified. Based on the results of the molecular analysis and morphological and biochemical tests, KNUB-01-21 was identified as P. brasiliense. The pathogenicity of KNUB-01-21 on graft cactus was confirmed by an inoculation test. Artificial inoculation using P. brasiliense KNUB-01-21 produced soft rot symptoms on the grafted cactus, and the same bacterium was re-isolated and re-identified. This is the first report of P. brasiliense causing soft rot in graft cactus in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.242-245
• /
• 2000

In 1999 and 2000, a rot of graft-cacti including Hylocereus trigonus (three-angled cactus), Gymnocalycium mihanovichii, and Chamaecereus silvestrii occurred in several greenhouses in major cactus-growing areas of Korea. Typical symptoms included a moist, light brown rot or a watery rot of the stems. A Colletotrichum sp. was isolated from the lesions. The fungus formed dark gray, dense or floccose colonies on potato dextrose agar, frequently forming many light pink acervuli often surrounded with setae. The hyaline, cylindrical conidia were one-celled with round ends. Appressoria were mostly semicircular or clavate. Thin-walled asci contained eight, one-celled, hyaline ascospores (biseriate in ascus). Ascopspores were strainht or curved, ellipsoidal or subcylindrical. Based on these characteristics, the fungus was identified as Glomerlla cingulata (anamorph : C. gloeosporioides). Wound inoculation of basal stems of the cactus by the mycelial plugs or conidia produced symptoms identical to those described above. Various cactus species were compared in susceptibility using stem disc inoculation. Cereus tetragonus, Eriocereus jusbertii, Myrtillocactus geomentrizans, and three-angled cacti from Mexico and Taiwan were susceptible, but C. peruvianus (Peruvian apple cactus) and Harrisia tortuosa not. This is the first report of G. cingulata causing stem rot of graft-cactus in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.314-317
• /
• 2007

A soft stem rot disease was observed on Chamaecereus silvestrii (Korean name: Sanchui), a scion of graft-cactus, in major growing areas of Suwon (National Horticulture Research Institute), Anseong, Eumseong, Cheonan, Daegu, and Goyang, Korea during 2000 and 2001. Typical symptoms were soft rots characterized by moist and watery decay of the whole cactus stem, which initiated as small water-soaked lesions and enlarged rapidly to the entire stem. The causal organism isolated from the infected stems was identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora) based on its physiological and biochemical characteristics and confirmed by the cellular fatty acid composition and Biolog analyses. Artificial inoculation of the bacterium produced the same soft rot symptoms on the cactus stems, from which the same bacterium was isolated and identified. This is the first report of the P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in the graft-cactus C. silvestrii in Korea.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.546-549
• /
• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of simple hydroponic culture in cultivation of grafted cactus. The results obtained are as follows: Growth indexes of grafted cactus cultivars, such as scion diameter, fresh weight, and scion hardness were improved in simple hydroponic culture compared with soil culture regardless of cultivars. Stem rot and rate of non-graft take were lower in simple hydroponic culture than in soil culture, but no significant difference was monitored between cultivars. Time for harvesting was fast in simple hydroponic culture compared with soil culture. Marketable yield increased in simple hydroponic culture.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.525-528
• /
• 2008

기존 수출선인장인 비모란과 산취와는 구색과 형태과 다른 새로운 수출선인장 육성을 목표로 Copiapoa 속의 종간 교배조합인 $GCP563{\times}GCP618$ 조합에서 구색이 선명한 적갈색이고 조직돌기형의 결각을 갖은 GCP04571에 대한 농가실증시험 및 품평회를 마치고 명명된 "Red Stone"의 구색은 적갈색이고 결각의 형태는 돌기형으로 관상가치가 우수하며, 구의 형태는 원형으로 14개의 결각을 가지며, 자구수는 26.8개로 생산력이 우수하였다.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.521-524
• /
• 2008

기존 산취계통은 자구 탈립이 잘되고 저장성이 낮으며 구색의 퇴화가 빠른 단점 등을 보완하고자 GC013001${\times}$GC0110703 조합에서 구색이 선명한 황색이고 관상가치가 우수한 GC052209 계통에 대한 농가실증시험 및 품평회를 마치고 명명된 "Yellow Tree"의 구색은 황색이었고 결각의 형태는 둥근형으로 관상가치가 우수하였으며, 구의 형태는 원형으로 8~9개의 결각을 가졌다. 가시는 갈색으로 반직립 하였으며 가시길이는 짧았다. 자구수는 개로 생산력이 우수하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.80-82
• /
• 2010

A stem spot disease was observed on Gymnocalycium mihanovichii (Korean name: Bimoran), a scion of graftcactus, in major growing areas of Goyang and Eumseong, Korea during 2008 and 2009. Typical symptoms were initial blackish brown lesions produced mainly on areoles and scars of injured stem tissues, gradually becoming large black spots. A causal organism isolate CD2-7A isolated from the infected stems was identified as Alternaria alternata based on its morphological characteristics and confirmed by the DNA sequencing analysis of ITS, glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), and allergen Alt a1 (Alt a 1) genes. Artificial inoculation of the fungal isolate CD2-7A produced the same rot symptoms on the cactus stems, from which the same fungus was isolated and identified. This is the first report of the black spot caused by A. alternata in the grafted cactus.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식물병리학회 2002년도 총회 및 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.50.2-50
• /
• 2002

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식물병리학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회
• /
• pp.16.2-16
• /
• 2000

• 화훼연구
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.321-324
• /
• 2008

노란색 접목선인장 '황성'은 G. mihanovichii와 G. marsoneri 간의 종간교잡종으로 농촌진흥청 국립원예 특작과학원에서 육성되었다. 1998년 IG-124(G. mihanovichii) ${\times}$ IG-223(G. marsoneri) 교배조합에서 2001년 2계통을 선발하였다. 2001년 선발된 두 계통 중 '9834024'를 모본으로 '9834036'을 부본으로 교배하여 후대를 양성하고 3차의 특성검정 후 황색의 '원교G1-169'을 육성하였다. '원교G1-169'은 2005년 농촌진흥청 직무육성 신품종 선정위원회에서 '황성'으로 명명되었다. '황성'의 특성은 다음과 같다. 구색은 모구와 자구가 황색이다. 구의 모양은 편원형으로 7~9개의 깊은 결각을 형성한다. 가시는 갈색으로 길이가 길고 반 직립한다. 생육은 정식 10개월 후에 직경이 49.5 mm로 빠르다. 자구수는 7.2개로 증식력이 우수하다. '황성'은 미국과 유럽지역의 수출용으로 적합하며 품종의 특성은 영양번식에 의하여 유지된다.