• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2016

The need for natural cosmetic ingredients has been increasing over the world nowadays. Agarose, a natural polymer from red seaweeds, has high hydrophilic character and a function of scaffolder. As skin moisturizer, agarose is adequate for percutaneous absorption. While, blueberry fruits extract possesses rich procyanidins and anthocyanins which show health benefits, anti-oxidant effect, anti-aging and anti-melanogenesis. Stability, sensory preference, skin trouble of the emulsion formula are important for cosmetic product development. In this study, we manufactured an emulsion formula for skin moisturizers using the two ingredients and tested emulsion stability and skin trouble. Total phenolic contents of the blueberry fruits extract were evaluated as well as tyrosinase inhibitory and collagenase inhibitory activities. $IC_{50}$ values of blueberry fruits extract for anti-tyrosinase and anti-collagenase activities were 168 and $112{\mu}g/mL$, respectively using gallic acid as a control ($64.8{\mu}g/mL$). The stability (pH and viscosity) of the formula containing 2% blueberry fruits extracts and 0.1% agarose was measured at five different temperatures (room temp., $25^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$) under the sun light at 2 day intervals for 12 days. There has been little pH change at the different temperatures. According to the sensory evaluation, there was no significant flavor, discoloration and physical changes of the formula at $25-65^{\circ}C$. These results suggest that emulsion formula containing blueberry extract and agarose could be used as a candidate for lotion and essence products.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2011

The oxidative stress level and antioxidant activities in two green algae (Ulva pertusa and Ulva linza), two brown algae (Agarum cribrosum and Dictyota dichotoma), and three red algae (Grateloupia lanceolata, Carpopeltis affinis, and Gracilaria verrucosa) collected from intertidal regions of Korea were assessed. In the two green algae, although the total glutathione content was not as high as that of the brown algae, the glutathione pool was extremely reduced, and the glutathione reductase (GRd)/glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity ratio was high, which apparently plays an important role for protection against oxidative damage, as manifested by low lipid peroxidation. In the brown algae, which exhibited a low lipid peroxidation level that was comparable to the green algal species, the highest glutathione content, together with high GPx activity, appears to be the most important factor in their antioxidant protection. The red algal species exhibited extremely high lipid peroxidation levels. They also contained the lowest and most oxidized glutathione among the species, as well as the lowest GRd activity. In spite of the marked difference in the glutathione content, the significant difference in the activity of ${\gamma}$-glutamylcysteine ligase, the rate limiting enzyme for glutathione synthesis, among the species was not exhibited. Our results suggest that there is a significant difference in the levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity among the algal species, and that the glutathione system, especially the efficiency of glutathione recycling, plays a vital role in antioxidative protection in algal species.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제3권3_4호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2000

Tyrosinase inhibitory activities of 14 kinds of seaweed, Ecklonia stolonifera, Ecklonia cava, Undaria pinnatiflda, Laminaria japonica, Sargassum fulvellum, Sargassum miyabei, Sargassum thunbergii, Porphyra yezoensis, Gracilaria verrucosa, Carpopeltis affinis, Pachymeniopsis elliptica, Gelidium amansii, Codium fragile and Ulva pertusa were determined using commercially available mushroom tyrosinase in an in vitro assay system. The $1\%$ (w/v) methanol extract from E. stolonifera showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity of $79.0\%$, electron donating activity of $79.0\%$ and total phenol content of 3.75 mg/100g. Ethyl acetate-methanol-water (7 : 2 : 0.2, v/v) fraction $(0.5\%,\;w/v)$ isolated from the methanol extract showed tyrosinase inhibitory activity of $75.9 \%$, electron donating activity of $88.1 \%$ and total phenol content of 4.38 mg/100g. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was closely associated with total phenol content (R = 0.99) and electron donating activity (R=0.99). Maximum absorption wavelength of the fraction was 218nm and that of phenolic compounds showed about a range from 210 to 220nm. The inhibition mode of the fraction was noncompetitive inhibition.

• ALGAE
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2008

The seasonal variation of marine algal biomass and community were studied with nondestructive sampling and quadrat method during May 2006 to April 2008 in the intertidal and subtidal zone at Yokjido. As result, total 120 species, 13 Chlorophyta, 34 Phaeophyta, 71 Rhodophyta and 2 Spermatophyta were identified in this study. The major species which contributed significantly to the total biomass were Ulva pertusa, Undaria pinnatifida, Ecklonia stolonifera, Sargassum horneri, S. serratifolium, Gelidium amansii and Prionitis cornea. The mean biomass was 235.5 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in intertidal, 1,038.9 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 1 m, 1,013.1 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 5 m, and 19.7 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 10 m depths of mean sea level. Seasonal biomass change in intertidal zone, the peak season was in spring, while the lowest was in autumn. The vertical distribution of marine vegetation was characterized by Ulva pertusa - Gelidium divaricatum - Gloiopeltis furcata - Sargassum thunbergii - Hizikia fusiformis at intertidal zone, and Caulerpa okamurae - Gelidium amansii - Chondrus ocellatus - Ecklonia stolonifera - Sargassum horneri - Gracilaria textorii at subtidal zone. These result indicates that the marine algal species and biomass of 1 m and 5 m depths in subtidal zone are greater than intertidal zone, and Ecklonia stolonifera and Sargassum spp. are the dominant species of Yokjido.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate the useful components and potential antioxidant activities of 30 marine algae, collected from Jeju Island in Korea. The contents of bioacitve substance of extracts from marine algae, such total polyphenol and carbohydrate, were determined. The extract of Distromium decumbens had the highest amount of total polyphenol content (21.27%), and that of Gracilaria incurvata Okamura had the highest amount of total carbohydrate content (10.18%). The antioxidant activities of extracts obtained from algae were tested through the evaluation of DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The extracts of Distromium decumbens, Sargassum hemiphyllum (Turner) C.Agardh, Sargassum serratifolium (C. Agardh) C. Agardh and Acrosorium yendoi Yamada were found to have more than 80% DPPH radical scavenging activity and that of Dictyota okamurae (Dawson) $H{\ddot{o}}tning$, Schnetter, et Prud'homme van Reine, Myagropsis myagroides (Martens ex Turner) Fensholt, Sargassum serratifolium (C. Agardh) C. Agardh and Cladophora wrightiana Harvey showed more than 50% hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. These results suggest that algae collected from Jeju Island would be good raw materials for antioxidant.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 제주도 해안에 자생하는 45종의 해양식물 추출물에 대한 항균 활성을 조사하였다. 해양식물 추출물 80% 메탄올에서 유효 성분을 추출하여 시료화 하였고 항균환성을 검증하였다. 그 결과, 45종의 해조류 중에서 넓패, 패, 구멍갈파래 등을 포함한 6종의 해양식물이 미생물 생육을 억제하는 결과를 보였다. 항균활성을 갖는 해양식물 중 패, 감태 2종은 항산화 효능도 동시에 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 통해, 본 실험에서 확보된 추출물이 항균 물질로 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.534-538
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• 2019

The distribution and characteristics of spawning beds of the Pacific herring Clupea pallasii, were observed by scuba diving in Jinhae Bay, Korea, with a focus on marine vegetation as adhesive substrates and egg density during the spawning season. In 2017, the fertilized eggs of C. pallasii were mainly found attached to the leaves of algae species Carpopeltis cornea, Gracilaria textorii, and Acrosrium polyneurum at the rocky shore in Wonpo-dong and Jeodo. The mean density of fertilized eggs in C. pallasii spawning beds was $153,776eggs/m^2$ off Wonpo-dong and $856,430eggs/m^2$ off Jeodo, giving an estimated total of $5.345{\times}10^9$ eggs in Wonpo-dong and $3.3074{\times}10^{10}$ eggs in Jeodo. We examined spawning beds with an area of $38,619m^2$ off Wonpo-dong and $34,760m^2$ off Jeodo. The choice of spawning bed may be affected by the composition of marine vegetation, such as the algal diversity of rocky shore environments, which could affect adhesive substrates and egg density during the spawning season. The results of the present study suggest that the spawning season of C. pallasii in Jinhae Bay is in January to mid-February.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.483-497
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• 2024

This study investigated the effects of ultra-ground seaweed powders (USP) on the physicochemical properties (proximate composition, mineral contents, pH, color, shear force, sensory evaluation, electronic nose, and electronic tongue) of restructured black goat jerky. Restructured black goat jerky was prepared using three different treatments, i.e., 3% (w/w) each of ultra-ground sea tangle (ST; Undaria pinnatifida), sea mustard (SM; Saccharina japonica), and sea string (SS; Gracilaria verrucosa) powders. Moisture and ash contents were significantly higher in the USP-treated group than in the control (p<0.05). Potassium, calcium, and zinc contents were significantly higher in the SM than in the other USP-treated groups (p<0.05). In contrast, pH values were significantly higher in the ST and SM than in the control and SS (p<0.05). CIE L^*, CIE a^*, CIE b^*, and shear force were significantly lower in the USP-treated groups than in the control (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation revealed no significant difference in taste, texture, seaweed-like odor, and goaty flavor (p<0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) and peak graph analysis of the electronic nose showed that the SS differed the most from the control compared with the other USP-treated groups, owing to the seaweed odor of ultra-ground SS powder. The PCA and ranking analysis of the electronic tongue showed that the umami taste of the SM was higher than that of the control and other USP-treated groups. Therefore, the potassium, calcium, zinc contents, and umami taste of reconstituted black goat jerky were significantly higher in the SM than in the control and other USP-treated groups.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.522-528
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 3종류의 목질계 바이오매스와 4종류의 해조류 바이오매스를 전처리와 효소가수분해 과정을 통하여 얻은 환원당을 이용하여 C. saccharophila를 배양하였다. 얻어진 가수분해물을 활성탄 처리 유무에 따라 배양한 결과, 목질계 바이오매스와 해조류 바이오매스 가수분해물을 활성탄 처리하지 않은 경우에는 C. saccharophila의 성장이 저해되었다. 목질계 바이오매스인 유채대와 보리대 그리고 볏짚과 해조류 바이오매스인 미역, 다시마, 파래 그리고 꼬시래기 가수분해물의 경우 활성탄 등으로 처리한 경우에서 목질계 바이오매스와 해조류 바이오매스 가수분해물에서 C. saccharophila의 성장이 관찰되었다. 미세조류의 생산성과 oil 함량, chlorophyll 등을 고려하였을 때 목질계 바이오매스와 해조류 바이오매스는 C. saccharophila의 product 생산을 위한 배양에 이점을 가지며, 특히 chlorophyll 생산에 보다 유용하리라 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3081-3088
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• 2013

갈조류(미역, 톳, 다시마), 홍조류(김, 꼬시래기) 및 녹조류(파래) 등 식용해조류 6종으로부터 제조한 추출물의 페놀성 화합물 함량과 항산화 활성을 분석하였다. 추출수율은 꼬시래기 분말을 물(pH 8.0)을 용매로 추출하였을 때 가장 높았으며(44.23 %), 페놀성 화합물은 톳을 75 % 에탄올 용액으로 추출하였을 때 가장 높았다(52.82 ${\mu}g/mg$). 25% 에탄올 용액으로 추출한 파래 추출물에서 가장 높은 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성이 나타났으며(19.29 %), superoxide 음이온 소거활성은 다른 해조류 추출물에 비해 물(pH 8.0)로 추출한 톳 추출물(81.20 %)에서 더 높았다. 6종의 식용해조류 추출물에서의 페놀성 화합물의 함량은 항산화 활성과 강하게 상관관계를 보였다(R2=0.852). 종합해 보면, 이러한 결과는 갈조류인 톳이 천연 항산화제 개발을 위한 좋은 원료가 될 수 있음을 의미한다.