• 지역연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.75-92
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• 1999

In this study, the present state of fiscal crisis for local governments after IMF is analyzed, firstly. its implications Characteristics of structural reform of finance after IMF bailout in Korea are examined, secondly. Since Korea was shocked by the currency crisis at the end of 1997, its local governments have also faced fiscal difficulties. The Depression of national and local economies led to decreases in tax revenues of local governments. And these shrunken revenues led to their expenditure cuts. Many investment plans were curtailed, and ordinary expenditures were also reduced sharply. The negative influences of the currency crisis on local government's finances can be examined in terms of fiscal revenue, fiscal spending, and debt burden. As a result many local governments are now experiencing fiscal stress, and some of them are even faced with fiscal crisis although the possibility of extreme measures, such as moratoriums or bankruptcies, is very slim. This is due in part to the weight of debt in local governments' budgets having remained small since the debt of local governments has been controlled by the central government. Another reason is that, central government, which functions as a lender of last resort for the local governments, will pay the debt for them. Also, without a legal system which stipulates the adjudication of bankruptcy for municipalities in Korea, local Korean governments have no legal right to declare bankruptcy. Although not a single municipality has fallen into insolvency, yet, this trend will continue to deepen as the recession continues and may lead to a situation where manu local governments fall into virtual bankruptcy in the near future, and its effects on society, as a whole, will be serious. Therefore, measures to prevent and overcome such an extreme situation are necessary, but both short-and long-term policies should be to cope with the current fiscal crisis and to prevent the deepening of the current situation.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.33-56
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• 1992

The objectives of this research are (i) to review the functional and financial distribution of public health adminstration between central and local governments, (ii) to find out, based on economic criteria, optimal distribution required to fullfil local need for public health, and finally, (iii) to suggest policy implications in health area in face of the newly arising local autonomy system in Korea. Judging from data on government expenditures and tax revenues, public health administration in Korea is highly concentrated into central government, both functionlally and financially. High dependency of public health on central government has often been critisized that local residents can not participate in the decision making process for local health problems. This study, however, shows that localization of public health administration does not necessarily result in efficient and equitable allocation of resource to satisfy local demand for public health. From this point of view, two eccnomic criteria are suggested, i.e. external effect and economies of scle, as distributive criteria of roles in public health administration between local and central government. In addition, superiority of central concentration of public health administration to localization is emphasized in that public health in a wide sense contains the nature of public good and is part of compulsory socil security system. As a consequence, planned intervention by government is desirable.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 1986

The outlook for the Civil Service Pension (CSP) program in Korea indicates several problems. First, the balance of the benefit among the pension recipients is not well maintained. Second, the program is running out of funds as benefit increases exceed the growth in revenues. In this article, we analyze these problems by using linear programming model and discuss the alternatives. We propose an addition of the age limit to the benefit eligibility and a reconsideration of the government subsidy's level.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.701-725
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• 2000

Environmental taxes tend to compound the welfare cost of pre-existing tax distortions, the tax-interaction effect, however they also raise government revenues, tax revenue-recycling effect. By incorporating these two opposite tax effects, this paper examines a second- best environmental taxation for a polluting monopolist with distortionary taxes. The analysis suggests that the complications posed by pre-existing tax distortions as well as market structure can be key considerations in designing environmental taxes. In the tax setting game between regulator and regulated firm, we also derive the equilibrium tax rate and examine its relationship with distortionary taxes.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2021

This article substantiates the scientific provisions for modelling the level of Ukraine's public financial security taking into account the impact of budget policy, in the process of which identified indicators of budget policy that significantly affect the public financial security and the factors of budget policy based on regression analysis do not interact closely with each other. A seven-factor regression equation is constructed, which is statistically significant, reliable, economically logical, and devoid of autocorrelation. The objective function of maximizing the level of public financial security is constructed and strategic guidelines of budget policy in the context of Ukraine's public financial security are developed, in particular: optimization of the structure of budget revenues through the expansion of the resource base; reduction of the budget deficit while ensuring faster growth rates of state and local budget revenues compared to their expenditures; optimization of debt serviced from the budget through raising funds from the sale of domestic government bonds, mainly on a long-term basis; minimization of budgetary risks and existing threats to the public financial security by ensuring long-term stability of budgets etc.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 우리나라에서 시행되었던 BTO 민간투자사업의 자료를 이용해 BTO 민간투자사업에 투자되는 민간자본에 대한 적정수익률을 추정하고자 한다. 과거 우리나라에서 진행되었던 민간투자사업의 경우 민간자본에 제공된 실질수익률은 대략 $6%\sim9%$ 수준이었는데, 본 연구의 결과에 따르면 정부가 최소운영수입을 보장해준 과거 민간투자사업의 경우, 민간자본에게 제공되었던 수익률은 적정 수준을 상당히 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 대부분의 민간투자사업에 있어 실제 운영 수입이 실시협약 당시 예측된 운영수입에 현저히 못 미친다는 점을 고려할 때, 민간자본에 대한 적정수익률은 더 낮아지게 되며 따라서 과거에 제공된 수익률의 적정수익률 대비 초과분은 더욱 커지게 된다. 본 연구결과는 향후 BTO방식 민간투자 사업을 진행할 때 정부와 민간사업자간의 실시협약조건에 민간 사업자가 부담하는 위험 대비 적정수익률이 반영될 수 있도록 하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 예상된다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.265-277
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• 2001

This paper aims at overviewing Korean fisheries profile with a view on why Korean fisheries need marine ranching program as a new fisheries paradigm - a community-based co-management approach and drawing some policy implications from the advanced experience in fisheries. The aims of community-based co-management approach as a planned approach can be set out under the planning objectives of efficiency and equity. In this context Tongyeong marine ranching program is an important government-sponsored pilot enterprise. Experiences in the advanced fisheries such as Canadian Snow-Crab case suggest that in order to be successful for marine ranching be successful it is necessary that (i) there should be high-value species, (ii) property right should be established, (iii) there should be the reasonable number of participants involved, (iv) the participants and the government should be able to share resource enhancement/management/utilization responsibilities and associated fisheries management expenses. Among these, management cost sharing based on the practical partnership between fishing communities and government is of particular importance because the government must have a full responsibility for all ranching program expenditure unless revenues sufficient to guarantee reasonable income and to share management cost are generated from the ranching business.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.79-93
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• 1999

By the IMF condition, tax revenues of local governments are decreasing, under these conditions, container tax take important proportion in financial resources in Pusan Metropolitan City. However the container tax have time limit until 2001, that is, purposeful tax. But after the creating container tax, the level of accomplishment is very insufficient. So for the activation of local economy, we need active study on the existence problem of container tax. Though the abolition of container tax item is frequently discussed in central government, If the worst case comes, namely the abrogation, it gives big damages to the financial management of Pusan Metropolitan City. Therefore the container tax should be existent for both residents and local government. Because the expansion rate of container tax is so rapid, it makes very critical contribution to the stability and sound condition of Pusan Metropolitan City's finances.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.7-19
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• 2010

도시철도가 가지고 있는 쾌적성, 편리성 그리고 정시성의 장점은 도시철도의 등장 이후 그 이용률을 어느 수준까지 꾸준히 증가시켜왔다. 이에 따라 지자체를 비롯한 수도권은 지하철의 새로운 도입을 포함한 도시철도의 연장을 점차 증가시켜왔으며, 현재 수도권의 경우 2010년 현재 총 5개의 운영 기관이 총 14개 노선을 운영 중에 있다. 이러한 도시철도의 장점은 2004년 서울시 통합 대중교통개편과 2007년 수도권 통합 환승할인요금제 시행 이후 편리성과 연계성 측면에서 더욱 더 부각되고 있다. 하지만 이러한 대중교통 통합요금제의 시행은 그 동안 도시철도 운영기관 간의 수입금 정산 문제를 버스와 도시철도 문제로까지 확대시켜 좀 더 정확하고 복잡한 정산 방식의 필요성을 불러일으켰다. 이에 본 연구에서는 수도권 통합 환승할인요금제 시행 이후 대중교통 운영기관 간 수입금 정산 문제를 다루었다. 구체적으로는 대중교통체계 개편 이후 본격적으로 도입된 대중교통 카드(RF Card) 자료로부터 수도권 도시철도 이용자료(O/D) 구축을 시작으로 일반화 비용 추정, 수입금 정산 알고리즘 제안, 끝으로 이를 반영한 사례 연구 순으로 연구를 진행하였다. 여기서 본 연구에서의 O/D 추출과정의 정확성 검증을 위해 일정기간 동안의 (주)한국스마트카드사에서 철도 운영기관에 지급한 수입금과 본 연구에서 도출된 철도부문의 O/D(수입금)를 비교 분석하였다. 또한 일반화 비용 추정을 위해 설문조사와 환승역 실태 조사를 시행하였고, 본 연구에서 구축한 유사 경로 검증을 위해 실제 도시철도 이용자의 통행경로를 조사하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 방법론을 통해 현재 수도권 도시철도 운영기관 간 수입금 정산 문제뿐만이 아니라 향후 도입될 경전철 및 민자 철도의 수입금 정산 문제도 해결될 것으로 기대된다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2020

정부는 대학 연구비 지원에 기반하여, 기술사업화 정책을 추진해 왔다. 본 논문에서는 신제도주의 이론을 바탕으로 정부의 연구비 지원의 변화율이 기술사업화 성과의 변화율에 미치는 영향과 대학 소재지에 의한 조절효과를 분석하였다. 시간적 변화 분석에 통용되는 잠재성장곡선모형(Latent Growth Curve Model, 이하 LGM)을 활용하여, 2009년~2017년 9년 간 전국 4년제 138개 대학의 데이터를 분석하였다. 그 결과 정부지원 연구비의 증가율은 기술이전 수입료 증가율에 정(+)의 영향을 미치며, 비수도권 대학보다 수도권 대학에 더 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 관계는 시간 지연효과를 고려한 분석에서도 동일하다는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 바탕으로 대학의 기술사업화를 촉진하기 위한 정부의 연구비 지원 정책의 효과성에 대해서 대학의 소재지에 따라 차별적 이해가 필요함을 강조하였다.