• 수산경영론집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.65-106
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• 1986

1, The Purpose of Study This is a study on the Evaluation of the operating of Fisheries Extension Services of Korea, for performing the activities such as guiding fisheries technique as well as offering industrial information to the fishermen in fishing village. By doing so, the Fisheries Extension Sevices(FES) can materialize the continued growth of fisheries, the social and economic development of fishing village, and the increase in income by enhancing the knowledge level of Fishermen, etc. In performing fisheries policy, this activity plays a great role on the research and development activity, and it has become practical since 1976 in Korea. In order to meet immediately with the problem of fisheries technical innovation and rapid environmental changes surrounding the fisheries, the fishermen should not only enhance their scientific and comprehensive capacity in fisheries technique but abtain various effective information. Generally, as most of all the fishemen are poor in the managerial structure and scattered in fishing villages, they have little opportunity in the contact of information. As a result, it is nessessary for the FES to perform the fishing business by the extension service officials who has received special training and acquired fisheries know-how in these fields. And yet, FES is under the unfullfilled circumstance in such factors as manpower, technical know-how, equipment, and the service system etc., which is required in promoting the social, economic development of fishing village and in resolving the high technique demand of fisherman. This study on the fisheries extension services have been studied from those backgrounds. 2. Research Method The data of collecting methods which were necessary in carrying out this study was adopted by the questionaire research on the present extension service activity, through the subject of the extension services (driving agency of the work and the officials), the object(fishemen) and the 3rd observers to the extension services (the authorities concerned). The research sample was taken by the sampling extraction of total 1, 774 men from the above 3 groups. And the research was carried out from August, 1986 to October, 1986, supported from the Fisheries Extension Office (FEO) located in field during the research process. In this study, the levels of the extension operating were determined and estimated in accordance with the extension service method, morale of extension service officials and the extension service system, etc. through the collected data of the research questionaire paper. And based on this result, the essential conditions of the extension services were grasped, and also we tried to present the various activity plan necessary to promote the operating of the extension services. The questionaire research data was calculated by the computer center of National Fisheries University of Pusan, and the total result was again tried on the one demension analysis along with two dimension analysis to search out the relativity between the questionaire, and the statistical test was done $\chi$$^2$test in significance level of l~5%. 3. Contents of Study This study consists of 7 chapters and the contents are as follows : Chapter I : The object and method of the study Chapter II : The assessment and analysis of the extension services Chapter III : The contents and method of the extension services Chapter IV : Analysis of the essential conditions for the extension services Chapter V : The evaluation of activities of extension services Chapter Ⅵ : Conclusion.4. Results and RecommendationTherefore, the results of this study estimated by logical process and analysis are as follows : 1) Most of Korean fishing villages and coastal fishermen have shown much concerns about fisheries technique and social changes, thus many of them were confronted with new problems on how to adapt and to meet changes. 2) Majority of fishermen estimated FEO as an organization of specific technologies with all the thing concerning the fisheries technique in general. Therefore the fishermen wanted to utilize the FEO as an adaptable method for the modern fisheries techniques as well as the environmental changes. 3) In contrast with the fast changes of the fisheries technique, the complexity and variety of technical system and the broadness of fishing village and fishermen, it was revealed that the necessary factors such as the facilities, manpower, budget, and the level of applying techniques of the FEO located in field were highly insufficient. Accordingly, the guiding efficiency was low and the extension services did not provide full solution to the various request from fishermen. 4) It is possible to classify the activation factor for the extension service into two large dimension ; personal dimension relevant to guidance officials and work dimension relevant to the organization. And it was found that the activation level of the work dimension was far lower than the personal dimension between them. So, the activation should be done first in the dimesion to promote the activation of the extension services. 5) The extension services officials are now demoralized in general, thus it is necessary to take reality into consideration : the expense of activity, the adequate endowment of activity scope and the reasonable operation of the position class, etc to enhance its morale. However, in order to do the FES activation, first of all, the systems should be established which is lain unsettled stage until now. And there must be change in the understanding of government i.e. the fisheries extension services are the essential policy subject to build up the base of fisheries growth and modernize the fisheries management. And it should be driven positively with the recognition of the "lasting project".g project".uot;.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.396-401
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• 2020

글로벌화가 진행됨에 따라 외래생물에 대한 문제가 점점 커지고 있으며, 전 세계적인 규모로 확대되고 있다. 국내의 경우, 야생에서 서식하는 외래종 중 외래거북이 발견되는 사례가 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 1970년대 처음으로 수입된 붉은귀거북(Trachemys scripta elegans)을 포함하여, 15여 종의 외래거북이 최근 국내 야생에서 확인되었다. 게다가, 2019년 10월 15일, 광주광역시에 위치한 풍암천에서 악어거북(Macrochelys temminckii) 한 개체가 발견되었다. 외래생물 관련 문제가 커지는 시기에 큰 크기와 공격적인 성향을 가진 악어거북의 발견 사례는 큰 이슈가 되었으며, 다수의 대중매체를 통해 기사화되었다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 악어거북 발견 기사에 달린 댓글(의견)들을 통해 대중들이 가지고 있는 외래생물에 대한 인식을 알아보고자 하였다. 악어거북 기사에 달린 댓글은 총 1,100개였다. 그 중 342개(31.1%)가 외래생물과 연관성을 보였다. 연관성이 있었던 글(n=342) 중 외래생물이 문제가 될 것이라는 댓글은 전체의 97.7%(n=334)였다. 외래생물이 문제가 되는 이유(n=42)에는 생태계교란(n=31, 73.8%)과 공격성(n=11, 26.2%)이 포함되었다. 외래생물 침입 문제가 발생하는 원인으로는 책임감 부재(n=122, 51.7%)가 가장 많이 언급되었으며, 무분별한 수입 및 거래(n=99, 42.0%), 관련 제도 부재(n=13, 5.5%), 처리 방법의 부재(n=2, 0.8%)가 뒤를 이었다. 대중은 외래생물 문제를 해결하기 위한 방안(n=129)으로 등록제(animal registration)의 필요성(n=59, 45.7%)을 가장 많이 언급하였다. 본 연구를 통해 대중이 외래생물에 대한 심각성을 인식하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 확인한 외래생물에 대한 대중들의 인식과 의견은 연구자와 정부가 충분히 참고할 필요가 있으며, 추후 외래생물의 관리를 위한 정책 방향을 설정하는데 중요한 근거가 될 것이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of our new video-assisted asthma education program on patients' knowledge regarding asthma and asthma control. Methods: Adult asthmatics who were diagnosed by primary care physicians and followed for at least 1 year were educated via smart devices and pamphlets. The education sessions were carried out three times at 2-week intervals. Each education period lasted at most 5 minutes. The effectiveness was then evaluated using questionnaires and an asthma control test (ACT). Results: The study enrolled 144 patients (mean age, $56.7{\pm}16.7years$). Half of the patients had not been taught how to use their inhalers. After participating in the education program, the participants' understanding of asthma improved significantly across all six items of a questionnaire assessing their general knowledge of asthma. The proportion of patients who made errors while manipulating their inhalers was reduced to less than 10%. The ACT score increased from $16.6{\pm}4.6$ to $20.0{\pm}3.9$ (p<0.001). The number of asthmatics whose ACT score was at least 20 increased from 45 (33.3%) to 93 (65.3%) (p<0.001). The magnitude of improvement in the ACT score did not differ between patients who received an education session at least three times within 1 year and those who had not. The majority of patients agreed to the need for an education program (95.8%) and showed a willingness to pay an additional cost for the education (81.9%). Conclusion: This study indicated that our newly developed education program would become an effective component of asthma management in primary care clinics.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.166-175
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• 2015

오늘날 유럽 국가들을 중심으로 경관이 정치, 행정, 학문, 시민사회 등을 망라하는 모든 분야에서 환경만큼 중요한 화두로 사람들의 입에 자주 오르내리고 있다. 그 동안 한국에서는 이러한 국제적 조류에 부응하기 위하여 각 학문 분야나 행정 분야별로 나름대로 경관 개념을 다양한 정책에 반영하려고 노력해 오고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 아직까지는 그 성과가 만족할 만한 수준에 있지 않은 실정이다. 이러한 실정을 감안하여 본고는 먼저 경관이 가지는 복합적 가치와 복수적 의미를 유럽의 연구 결과를 토대로 검토해 보았다. 그런 다음 아직까지 경관에 대한 관심이 상대적으로 저조한 한국이 앞으로 추구해 나가야 하는 국토경관의 정책과 연구의 미래 방향을 모색해 보았다. 경관은 지금까지 상황에 따라 다양한 의미로 정의되어 왔을 만큼 지극히 복합적인 개념을 가진 대상이므로 전체론(Holism)의 관점에서 이해되어야 한다. 경관을 연구하는 학문 분야들은 학제 간 또는 다학문적 협력에 그치지 말고 학문의 경계를 초월하는 종합적 접근방법을 공동으로 개발하여 적용해야 한다. 유럽의 경우와 같이, 한국에서도 경관의 질과 다양성의 악화와 퇴보가 사람들의 일상생활의 질에 대하여 부정적 영향을 끼친다는 사실을 법률을 통하여 인정할 필요가 있다. 농촌경관의 급변으로 사라져 가는 자연유산과 문화유산의 보존이 농촌이 노령화를 지나 공동화(空洞化) 되기 이전에 연구와 정책의 중요한 과제가 되어야 한다. 그러기 위해서는 전체론적 관점에서 학문의 경계를 초월하는 방법론을 토대로 경관 특성을 평가하고 그 유형을 분류하는 사업을 시급히 착수해야 할 것이다. 경관에 관한 업무를 취급하는 공무원은 물론이고 정치가, 일반 국민, 학교 학생 등을 상대로 하는 경관에 대한 교육이 시급히 요구된다. 또한 정부는 국가적 차원의 경관 정책을 총체적으로 수립해야 하는 한편 공간계획(Spatial Planning)이나 법률과 같은 분야에 경관 개념이 전반적으로 침투되도록 노력해야 한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.383-394
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• 1999

공 교의료보험 적용대상자들 중 1992년 건강검진 수검 피보험자와 1993년 건강검진 수검 피부양자를 대상으로 사망에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 코호트내 환자-대조군 연구를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. '93-'97년도 자료의 분석에서 사망과 정상관 관계를 보인 변수는 수축기 혈압, 이완기 혈압, 혈당, AST, 요당, 요단백, 음주('자주 마신다'), 흡연, 건강인지, 영양제 복용, 수혈이었다. 사망과 역상관 관계를 보인 변수는 커피 음용이었다. 비만도와 혈중 콜레스테롤은 사망과 J형의 상관관계를 보였다. '96-97년 자료만을 이용하여 분석한 경우도 '93-'97년 자료와 관련성의 방향은 동일하였으나, 비만$(25-30kg/m^2)$과 콜레스테롤(240 mg/dL이상)의 사망 예방효과는 '93-'97년 자료에 비해 '96-'97년 자료에서 감소함으로써 '93-'94년 자료에 결과-원인 관계가 일부 개재되었을 가능성을 배제할 수 없었다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2014

한국은 국가건강검진을 시행하여 국민건강증진에 크게 기여하고 있으며 그 수검률 또한 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 수검률 증가에 따른 방사선검사의 증가가 예상되어 그 이용 빈도(이용량)와 피폭선량을 파악하고자 한다. 본 연구는 2011년 국민건강보험공단 건강검진 분석 자료에서 방사선검사를 분리하여 이용량을 파악하고, UNSCEAR 2008년 보고서의 수록되어 있는 검사별 선량을 적용하여 국가건강검진에서 방사선검사로 인한 피폭선량을 추정한다. 주요 분석결과 2011년 국가건강검진 수검자 1인당 평균 피폭선량은 0.57 mSv로 추정되었고, 최대 11.081 mSv, 최소 0.02 mSv로 추정되었다. 방사선검사의 이용 빈도와 피폭선량은 각각 총 16,005,914건, 6,311.76 person-Sv로, 이중 이용량은 흉부 X선검사가 1,070,569 (69.17%)건으로 가장 높았고, 피폭선량은 위장조영검사가 5,217.94 (82.67%) person-Sv로 가장 높았다. 성 연령별 결과 39세 이하를 제외한 전 연령대에서 여성의 수검비율과 피폭선량이 높았고, 특히 50-54세 여성이 1,674,787 (10.5%)건, 701.59 (11.1%) person-Sv로 가장 높았다. 검사별 선량에서 위장조영검사가 전체 82.67%를 차지하는 만큼 의료상(목적) 반드시 시행하는 경우를 제외하고는 위장내시경검사를 선택하여 수검 받도록 정책적으로 장려하고 외국의 사례와 같이 경제성과 실효성 평가에 따라 폐지된다면 국가건강검진에의 방사선피폭은 현저히 줄어들 것으로 예상한다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.144-155
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• 1997

In December 1990, Occupational Safety and Health Law was amended to reinforce employer's responsibilities on employees' health and safety. Among the amended law it was important to expand the role of an occupational health nurse to the role of an occupational health manager. An occupational health manager should take charge of coordinating periodic health examination and environmental hazard evaluation, providing primary care, monitoring employees' health status, giving the workplace walk-through, selecting safe protection equipment, providing health information, counseling and health education, independently. This position of occupational health nurse is equivalent to the role of doctors or occupational hygienists. In 1991, government made a master plan to prevent occupational disease and injury. Under the plan, Korea Industrial Nursing Association (KINA) was established in 1994 with the purpose of improving health services and upgrading career opportunities for members. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the transition of occupational health nursing education with the changes of law and policy in Korea between 1991 and 1996. In details, it was to analyze the rate of school providing occupational health nursing practice based lecture, lecture hours, lecture contents in undergraduate curriculum, program contents of graduate school, kinds of continuing education, etc. For this purpose, we conducted survey two times. In February 1991, baseline study was conducted with all nursing programs in Korea (19 BSN programs and 43 nursing departments of junior college). From April to May in 1996, the second survey was conducted with all nursing programs (38 BSN programs and 69 junior colleges). The first response rate was 66.1% and the second was 40.6%. Structured questionnaires were mailed to the deans or the community health nursing faculties. In the case of graduate school, telephone survey was conducted with 10 school of public health or environmental health area. Data from the yearbook of Industrial Safety Training Institute (ISTI), the history of Korea Industrial Health Association, and the journals of KINA were also included in the analysis. As the results, we found that there were remarkable improvement in undergraduate and graduate programs, obligatory as well as voluntary continuing education in terms of occupational health nursing expertise between 1991 and 1996. 1) The number of school providing occupational health nursing practice-based lecture was increased with the rate from 7.3% to 25.6%. The rate of school giving over 15 class-hours was increased from 33.3% to 46.6%. 2) Content areas were composed of introduction of occupational health, occupational epidemiology, industrial hygiene, occupational disease and injury, law and policy, health education, concept of occupational health nursing, role of occupational health nurse, occupational health nursing process, etc. Of content areas, occupational health nursing process was more emphasized with the increased rate from 43.9% to 88.4%. 3) In the case of graduate school, occupational health programs were increased from 4 to 10. One of them has developed occupational health nursing program as an independent course since 1991. 4) The law increased educational hours from 28 hours to 36 hours for introductory course at the time of appointment, and from 14 hours to 24 hours every 2 years for continuing education. Course contents were Occupational safety and health law, introduction of occupational health, health education methodology, planning and evaluation, periodic health exam, occupational disease care, primary care, emergency care, management, industrial environment evaluation, etc. In 1996, Korea Industrial Nursing Association has begun to provide continuing education after Industrial Safety Training Institute. 5) Various educational programs in voluntary base were developed such as monthly seminar, CE articles, annual academic symposium, etc. It was shown that changes of law and policy led rapid growth of occupational health nursing education in various levels. From this trend, it is expected that occupational health nurse expertise be continuously to be enhanced in Korea. Legal and political supports should proceed for the development of occupational health nursing in early stage.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제41호
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• pp.387-408
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• 2014

우리나라는 이미 고령화사회(aging society)에 진입했고 이제는 고령사회(aged society)로 나아가고 있다. 이처럼 노인인구가 늘어나게 되면서 교통사고나 노인자살과 같은 노인안전에 대한 문제 또한 중요해졌다. 마찬가지로 노인범죄피해도 갈수록 증가하고 있고 노인안전사고 또한 중요한 사회적 문제가 되고 있다. 경찰은 노인안전을 위해 여러 가지 활동을 하고 있다. 노인을 대상으로 하는 사기범죄를 예방하기 위한 계도활동이나 노인 교통사고 예방을 위해 안전시설점검과 교통안전교육 등을 실시하고 있다. 그리고 독거노인을 보호하기 위해 방문활동과 치매노인들의 실종을 예방하기 위해 CCTV 인프라의 확충과 지문등록제 등을 실시하고 있다. 하지만 이러한 활동들은 경찰전체의 조직적이고 체계화된 활동이 아니라 지방청이나 경찰서 단위로 이루어지고 있어서 아직은 충분하지 못한 실정이다. 이처럼 노인안전에 대한 경찰의 활동이 아직까지 미흡하기 때문에 노인안전을 강화하기 위한 경찰의 역할을 모색하고자 하는 것이 이 연구의 목적이다. 이를 위한 경찰의 활동을 제언하자면 먼저 노인대상 사기범죄를 예방하기 위해서는 지속적인 계도와 단속활동이 이루어져야 하며 사기범죄에 대한 예방교육도 이루어져야 한다. 그리고 현재는 노인학대와 같은 범죄에 대해서는 노인보호전문기관이 주도적으로 활동하지만 노인학대도 범죄인만큼 경찰이 주도적으로 나설 필요가 있다. 또한 노인자살을 예방하기 위해서 자살고위험군에 대한 세심한 관리가 필요하고 교통사고 예방을 위해 노인보호구역의 지정과 노인들의 자발적인 운전면허 반납을 유도해야 한다. 그리고 이러한 노인안전문제의 효율적인 대응을 위해서는 노인안전 전담조직이 필요하다. 노인안전이라는 개념은 광범위한 개념이므로 경찰만으로 노인의 안전을 모두 책임지기에는 무리가 있으므로 경찰의 주도로 정부 각 부처와 민간단체 그리고 지역사회 등과 협력하여 노인안전을 위한 사회안전망을 구축하는 것이 필요할 것이다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

The government has been constructing and supplying public rental housing to ordinary people in order to stabilize housing since 1989. However, the public rental houses initially supplied to ordinary people are at high risk for safety accidents due to the deterioration of the facilities. Therefore, this study is aimed to propose a solution to solve the life safety hazards of the old rental housing complex as a follow-up study of Analysis of Accident Patterns and Hazard Factor for Life Safety in Rental Housing Complex. Types of life safety accidents that occur in public rental housing complexes are sliding, falling, crash, falling objects, breakage, fire accidents, traffic accidents and criminal accidents. The types of safety accidents that occur in rental housing complexes analyzed in this study are sliding, crashes, falling objects, and fire accidents. Although the incidence of safety accidents such as falling, breakage, traffic accidents and crime accidents in public rental housing complexes is low, these types are likely to cause safety accidents. The method of this study utilized interviews and seminar results, and it suggested ways to solve the life safety hazards in rental housing complexes. Interviews were conducted with residents and managers of rental housing complexes. Seminars were conducted twice with experts in construction, maintenance, asset management, housing welfare and safety. Through interviews and seminars, this study categorizes the life safety hazards that occur in rental housing complexes by types of accidents and suggests ways to resolve them as follows. (1) sliding ; use of flooring materials with high friction coefficient, installation of safety devices such as safety handles, implementation of maintenance, safety inspections and safety education, etc. (2) falling ; supplementation of safety facilities, Improvement of the design method of the falling parts, Safety education, etc. (3) crash ; increase the effective width of the elevator door, increase the effective width of the lamp, improve the lamp type (U type ${\rightarrow}$ I type), etc. (4) falling objects and breakage ; design of furniture considering the usability of residents, replacement of old facilities, enhancement of safety consciousness of residents, safety education, etc. (5) fire accidents ; installation of fire safety equipment, improvement by emergency evacuation, safety inspection and safety education, etc. (6) traffic accidents ; securing parking spaces, installing safety facilities, conducting safety education, etc. (7) criminal accidents; improvement of CCTV pixels, installation of street lights, removal of blind spots in the complex, securing of security, etc. The roles of suppliers, administrators and users of public rental housing proposed in this study are summarized as follows. Suppliers of rental housing should take into consideration the risk factors that may arise not only in the design and construction but also in the maintenance phase and should consider the possibility of easily repairing old facilities considering the life cycle of rental housing. Next, Administrators of rental housing should consider the safety of the users of the rental housing, conduct safety checks from time to time, and immediately remove any hazardous elements within the apartment complex. Finally, the users of the rental housing needs to form a sense of ownership of all the facilities in the rental housing complex, and efforts should be made not to cause safety accidents caused by the user's carelessness. The results of this study can provide the necessary information to enable residents of rental housing complexes to live a safe and comfortable residential life. It is also expected that this information will be used to reduce the incidence of safety accidents in rental housing complexes.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-32
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to improve upon school health by understanding the present status of school health and escpecially to investigate the performance rate of regular health instruction. 261 schools, including middle and high schools enrolled in the Busan Educational Association, were sent Questionnaires. Data was collected from the 25th of January to the 10th of April, 1994. 229 subjects who responded to the Questionnaires were finally analyzed as samples. Among them, 127 were school nurses and 102 were teachers acting in a school health capacity. The results of this study are summerized as follows: Of the teachers holding additional school health responsibilities, $85.6\%$ worked in private schools. Many of them $(74.5\%)$ were formally dissatisfied with their ability to provide care because $85.3\%$ of them had never studied any school health. Some of them$(30.4\%)$ didn't know about the annual school nursing budget and $23.5\%$ of them hadn't taught any health education to students. In spite of this fact, they were placed in charge of a school health activity against their own will. There were statistically significant differences in the performance of school health affairs between nurses and teachers holding additional school health (p<0.001) as follows: annual school nursing budget, Health Program Planning and Evaluation, annual purchase price for medicines, average students cared for per day, average students who held at least one consultation per month and extra. Surely, the self-confidence of school nurses was higher than that of teachers with school health as an assigned responsibility. This was demonstrated by a significant statistical difference (p<0.01) in the responses by the two groups. $88.2\%$ of the school nurses and $73.5\%$ of teachers for school health thought that regular health instruction was necessary. But regular health education had been performed only by $32.8\%$ of respondents. Among them, 84% were school nurses and $16\%$ were teachers holding additional school health. Of the persons who performed regular health education, $69.3\%$ used less than $60\%$ of the health content of the athletic textbook. And $64\%$ of them said teaching materials were insufficient. Most of them $(69.4\%)$used home made lesson plans. which they compiled from various sources. There was a significant difference in the formality of the health lesson according to the concern of the school principal (p<0.01) and there was a significant difference in performing health education between school nurses and teachers holding additional school health (p<0.001) It appears that there are a lot of problems with providing school health care using people who are untrained. In a word, school health nurses with professional training are needed in order to perform the qualitative management for the health of the students. These days, regular health education is an indispensable part in making students improve their self-care abilities. Therefore a more effective and better defined program should be prepared for regular systematic health education. To resolve these problems, present laws and regulations related to school health should be revised considering the specialist's request for the improvement of school health. In addition, the concern and financial support of the government are essential.