• Journal of architectural history
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.23-36
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• 2006

Since he was a leading figure in nineteenth century architecture, Viollet-le-Duc's architectural theory is crucial to the foundation of modern architecture. He has been called a Gothic Revivalist, a Structural Rationalist and a Positivist. The first title was perhaps due to his vigorous restoration of Gothic works such as $N\hat{o}tre$ Dame, but he did not adore the Gothic style just for itself. Rather, he hoped to deduce some principles from the style. So how did he manage this? In his book "Entretiens sur l'Architecture (Lectures on Architecture), published between 1864 and 1872, he mentions using Descartes' four rules for reaching architectural certainty in contrast with the chaotic situation during that modernising period. Furthermore Viollet-le-Duc's theory can be seen as a serious attempt to translates Descartes' philosophical rules into systems of architectural speculation. Descartes' four rules of doubt are anchored in mathematical propositions, and without mathematical distinctions, none of these rules are valid. In other word, mathematics for Viollet is the yardstick of judgement between distinctness and indistinctness. Many architectural problems arise from this view. In this paper, the validities of applying Descartes' method of doubt to architectural discourse will be discussed in order to address the question:-Did Viollet-le-Duc clearly grasp Cartesian method by which memory was erased from the world?

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 1997

The research on the factors which effect on legibility is mainly utilized as the basic data of selecting the standard guideline of VDT screen. But the research on Korean is scarcer than that of English. Furthermore, it is unreasonable to apply the results of the foreign language to Korean, beause of the difference between the typography of English and that of Korean. Therefore, more systematic and ergonomic research of the Korean typography on VDT screen is needed. In this paper, an experimental study on search speed and error rate is designed and performed according to different Korean letter size and font on search task with VDT. The experimental screen based on popular Ming and Gothic style is made up of total 12 artificial screens, each 6 different font size. As the criteria of the performance, searching speed(s.s.) and error rate (e) are selected, and CFF value is measured to evaluate user's visual fatigue. The results of experiment in font show that the Korean Gothic style is superior to the Korean Ming style in user's visual performance. The letter size that gives user the optimal performance ranges from the visual angle 39.8' to 55.5' in Ming style, from the visual angle 39.8' to 52.6' in Gothic systle. In visual fatigue experiment, the better performance of letter size is, the less tired user feels. And the smaller letter size is, the more tired user feels. There is no relationship between font and user's visual fatigue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

As style is the center of subcultural identity and the clothes and adornments are the most visible symbol of its membership, the style of Goth symbolizes the strong subcultural identity and acts as the practical basis to demonstrate commitment to the subculture. In the turn of the third millennium, fashion designers have drawn upon and extracted elements from many subcultures to use in their collections. High fashion designers have introduced the Goth style since its inception in the 1980s. The energy and authenticity of Goth has been considered to be desirable in high fashion. The aesthetic property of Goth subcultural style defeats the established notion of standardized fashion and stimulates new consciousness, which makes room for diversification and subdivision. This study attempts to forecast the trends of the 21st century via researching the diffusion of Goth style in high fashion. In order to investigate the aesthetics and styles of Gothic chic, along with literature research, this study investigates the fashion collections from the late 1990s to 2000s as well as the images of street fashion magazines.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.941-952
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• 2017

Using the Generation of Thermal-Hydraulic Information for Containments (GOTHIC) code, thermal-hydraulic phenomena that occur inside the containment have been investigated, along with the preliminary design of the passive containment cooling system (PCCS) of an innovative pressurized water reactor (PWR). A GOTHIC containment model was constructed with reference to the design data of the Advanced Power Reactor 1400, and report related PCCS. The effects of the design parameters were evaluated for passive containment cooling tank (PCCT) geometry, PCCS heat exchanger (PCCX) location, and surface area. The analyzed results, obtained using the single PCCT, showed that repressurization and reheating phenomena had occurred. To resolve these problems, a coupled PCCT concept was suggested and was found to continually decrease the containment pressure and temperature without repressurization and reheating. If the installation level of the PCCX is higher than that of the PCCT, it may affect the PCCS performance. Additionally, it was confirmed that various means of increasing the external surface area of the PCCX, such as fins, could help improve the energy removal performance of the PCCS. To improve the PCCS design and investigate its performance, further studies are needed.

• 대한치과교정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.35.2-35.2
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• 2004

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.4
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• pp.337-360
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• 2000

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.07a
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• pp.181-195
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• 1998

지리 정보 시스템(GIS)은 그 특성상 대용량의 GIS 데이타를 사용하며, 다양한 운영체제와 하드웨어 상에서 구현된다. 이렇게 상이한 운영체제와 하드웨어상의 공간데이타들은 일반적으로 서로 다른 GIS 데이타 포맷을 갖고 있기 때문에 효율적인 자료 교환이 불가능하다면 데이타 공유가 매우 어려울 뿐만 아니라 공통 데이터의 중복 보관 및 관리로 인해 막대한 경제적 손실을 가져온다. 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 국외에서는 이미 GIS 데이타 교환을 위한 방안으로 공통 교환 표준 포맷 작업이 10여년 전부터 진행되어왔으며, 국내의 경우도 국가 차원에서 지리 정보시스템의 국가 표준을 설정하고, 기본 공간 데이타베이스를 구축하고 있다. 그리하여, 국가 기본 포맷과 공통 데이타 교환 포맷의 표준으로 SDTS(Spatial Data Transfer Standard)를 채택하였다. 본 논문에서는 범용의 SDTS 변환 시스템의 구현에 필요한 공간 데이타 분석, 논리적 설계, 물리적 설계 등의 전반적인 SDTS 변환과정, 테스트 검증 사항, 그리고 반드시 지켜야 할 규칙들을 제시한다. 마지막으로, 실제 공간 데이타인 GOTHIC과 SDTS 간의 변환 시스템의 설계와 구현에 대해서 언급한다.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.129-141
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate type of the modern architecture in Daegu province, based on 91 buildings which were built from 1886 to 1945 in Daegu province. The results of this study could be summarized as follows : The modern buildings were built by the western missionary, Japanese, Chineses and Korean. The catholic, built Korean style cathedral and parsonage early in the missionary period, then changed to build Gothic revival and georgian style masonary buildings. The protestant built eclectic buildings. With masonary structure and Korean roof style. Then from 1930's, they started to build Gothic revival style buildings. Japanese built eclectic buildings which mixed with Western and Japan type during the first period. Then, they also started to build Western eclectic building. Chinese built only two buildings during the whole periods and those were Western eclectic style buildings. Korean started to build commercial and school buildings which were Western style from the middle of the second period by nationalist and local commercialist.

• Proceedings of the Costume Culture Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.47-47
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• 1998

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.671-672
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• 2005