• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.305-313
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• 2015

Xenotransplantation of pig islet regarded as a good alternative to allotransplantation. However, cellular death mediated by hypoxia-reoxygenation injury after transplantation disturb success of this technique. In the present study, we produce transgenic pig expressing human heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) genes to overcome cellular death for improving efficiency of islet xenotransplantation. Particularly, Korean miniature pig breed, Micro-Pig, was used in the present study. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique was used to produce the HO1 transgenic pig. Six alive transgenic piglets were produced and all the transgenic pigs were founded to have transgene in their genomic DNA and the gene was expressed in all tested organs. Also, in vitro cultured fibroblasts derived from the HO1 transgenic pig showed low reactive oxygen species level, improved cell viability and reduced apoptosis level.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.185-193
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• 1978

Between April 1976 and March 1978, six cases of tricuspid valve replacement were done in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. There were 4 men and 2 women and the age of the patients ranged from 17 years of the youngest to 48 years of the oldest. Most of them had characteristic symptoms of tricuspid valve disease, such as a systolic murmur audible over the lower sternum and varying with respiration, pulsatile and distended neck vein, and an enlarged and pulsatile liver. Preoperative functional levels according to NYHA Calcification were class III in 4 cases, and class IV in 2 eases. Most of the cases showed moderate to severe cardiomegaly in chest films and elevated right atrial pressure on preoperative right heart catheterization. Five of them underwent concomittent mitral valve replacement and one pulmonary valvotomy. All of them showed tricuspid insufficiency resulted from massive dilatation of annulus, destructive lesions of valve structure, or both anomalies. One postoperative hospital death was encountered and the cause of death was low out-put syndrome. All survivors showed clinical improvement and cardiomegaly regressed and left hospital in a good condition . *Attendum; Recently 2 more cases of tricuspid valve replacement with mitral valve replacement were done after this review.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 1990

One hundred among 320 patients who underwent splanchnic nerve block were evaluated retrospectively by telephone or letters. After splanchnic nerve block most of the patient experienced relatively good pain relief until death. The results were as follows 1) The duration of pain relief and survival time were well correlated. 2) The duration of survival time after the block was varied from 35 days to 240 days. These data suggest that the splanchnic nerve block is a satisfactory and reliable method for terminal cancer pain and results in a painless life until death.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.106-112
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• 1977

Transposition of the great arteries is one of the commonest forms of severe congenital heart disease and produces severe cyanosis threatening survival from the day of birth. Anatomical anomalies which the aorta arises from the infundibulum of the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery arises from the outflow tract of the left ventricle make the deranged circulation. Survival is possible only if additional anomalies are present which allow mixing of the pulmonary and systemic circulations. Preoperative diagnosis as TGA was taken on the 15 day old female via the preoperative examination and the right cordioangiography. As palliative treatment for cyanosis, Blalock-Hanlon operation was performed in this patient. The results were good as 54 mmHg changed from 27 mmHg of $PO_2$ in aorta, but sudden cardiac arrest was developed in postoperative 12 hours. In order to confirm the cause of death and the cardiac anomalies, autopsy was performed on the date of death. The diagnosis of the autopsy showed; [1] Transposition of the Great Arteries. [2] Patent Ductus Arteriosus. [3] Patent Foramen Ovale. [4] Ventricular Septal Defect, 2 Muscular Type. [5] Double Ureter, Right. [6] Artificial Atrial Septal Defect. [7] Total Collapse of the left lung and Intraparenchymal hemorrhage of right lung.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.42 no.sup1
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• pp.116-120
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• 2008

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death of men in western countries and the death related to this disease in Korea is also getting increased. Although anatomic imaging tools such as transrectal US or MRI have been playing a great role in detection of primary prostate lesion, the evaluation of regional lymph node or distant organ metastasis using these modalities is not successful. $^{18}F-FDG-PET$ scan is emerging diagnostic tool for various malignancies. Considering the usual characteristics of prostate cancer such as slow growing and osteoblastic metastasis, the application of FDG PET scan to this disease might be limited. However, in advanced prostate cancer refractory to chemotherapy, FDG PET scan show strong FDG uptake and SUV changes in serial PET scan can be a good indicator of treatment response. Although FDG PET can be useful only in limited cases of prostate cancer, its indication can be widened in future owing to rapid technical improvement and accumulated experiences in this field.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.82-88
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• 1979

During the past 3 years, 15 patients who could not be anesthetized generally because of poor general condition or cachecic state, of 111 patients with empyema, have been treated with modified Eloesser`s operation under the local anesthesia with 2% procaine. There were 13 males and 2 females ranging from 21 years to 61 years of age. The etiology was tuberculosis [6 cases], pyogenic pneumonia [5 cases], lung abscess [1 case], post-trauma [2 cases] and malignancy[1 case]. " The over-all mortality rate was 6.7%[1 case] and cause of its death was poor oral feeding because of post-traumatic psychosis. Modified Eloesser`s operation was performed after closed tube thoracostomy and irrigation with 1% zephanon solution for over 2 weeks. And then the other operation was not performed and all patients except 1 case appeared good progression (Complete healing; 4 cases, Progressive healing 10 cases, death: 1 case).

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.74-77
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• 2012

Radiation has been an effective tool for treating cancer for a long time. Radiation therapy induces DNA damage within cancer cells and destroys their ability to reproduce. Radiation therapy is often combined with other treatments, like surgery and chemotherapy. Here, we describe the effects of radiation and histone deacetylase inhibitor, Trichostain A, on cell cycle regulation in hepatoma cells. The combinatorial treatment of radiation and Trichostain A induced cell cycle arrest and thereby increasing the hepatoma cell death. Furthermore, the regulatory effects of radiation and Trichostatin A on cell cycle applied in cell type specifically. These results suggest that the treatment of radiation and Trichostatin A may play a central role in hepatoma cell death and might be a good remedy to improve the efficiency of radiation therapy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.979-986
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• 1991

From October 1988 to November 1989, seven patients underwent valve replacement during the active phase of native valve endocarditis. There were 4 males and 3 females whose mean age was 41 years[range, 16 to 68 years]. Preoperative two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography showed vegetations and severe valvular regurgitation in all patients. Blood cultures were positive in 4, and negative in 3 patients Organisms were alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus in 2, Staphylococcus epidermidis in 1, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in 1 patient Valve tissue cultures were negative in all patients. Intravenous antibiotic therapy had been done for 3 to 18 days in 5 patients pre-operatively and was not done in 2 patients, Indications for operation were heart failure in h, and systemic emboli in 1 patient. The aortic valve was involved in 3, mitral in 1, and both aortic and mitral in 3 patients, One operative death[14.4%] occurred in patient with cardiogenic shock before operation. Late death occurred in one on 14 months after operation. The remaining 5 patients were followed up over a two year period in good condition. In conclusion, native valve endocarditis with severe heart failure must be considered for early operation.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.511-530
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• 2008

In "A Good Man Is Hard to Find," Flannery O'Connor describes a striking journey of a family, in which all the members dramatically get killed. Through the tragic death of Bailey's family, O'Connor evokes the reader to think about life and the life after death. Growing up in the communities of Catholicism and Protestantism, O'Connor herself had agonized with the same question between the two types of Christian belief throughout her life. In the story, O'Connor embodies her anguish with the major characters and questions the reader about the meaning of Christian salvation. More specifically, Bailey's family represent the people who get lost in life. They live without any direction and purpose. Red Sammy and his wife, on the other hand, provide travellers with rest, food, and the necessaries. The Tower is a shelter of travellers in life; however, it is not everlasting but temporary. The Misfit, exemplifying religious stragglers, has been completely frustrated with the variance of Christian salvation theories, and no longer practices the religion but knows enough to justify his cruel behaviors. Finally, the grandmother is the manipulator and opportunist of the religion. All those characters are fragments of human characters and their life - obscene and transitory. In the story, there is little God's grace on the surface even though the writer claims "all my stories are about the action of grace." Nonetheless, the reader should be able to identify with those characters because they are the mirror images of themselves. While visualizing the characters, O'Connor wants the reader to have a moment to think about the "Righteousness," and ultimately to seek out God's grace that she essentially wishes to show the reader. Instead of showing God's grace directly, O'Connor ultimately leads the reader to consider about God and the grace as she/he reads the work.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1279-1285
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• 2017

$Amyloid-{\beta}$ protein ($A{\beta}$) is known to increase free radical production in neuronal cells, leading to cell death by oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of $PineXol^{(R)}$ on $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ induced neuronal cell death. Rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells were pre-treated with $100{\mu}g/mL$ of $PineXol^{(R)}$ for 2 h. The cells were exposed to single dose of $30{\mu}M$ $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ for 24 h. Cell death was assessed by a cell count kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, lactate and dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. An Apoptotic process was analyzed by a protein expression of the Bcl-2 family using western blotting. Cell viability increased in PC-12 cells treated with both $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ and $PineXol^{(R)}$, compared to the control group. $PineXol^{(R)}$ induced a decrease of the Bcl-2 protein expression (p<0.05), while Bax and Sod1 increased (p<0.05), indicating attenuation of $A{\beta}_{25-35}$ induced apoptosis. These results suggest that $PineXol^{(R)}$ may be a good candidate for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease(AD).