• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.294-299
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• 2010

Although the increasing incidence of central precocious puberty (CPP) in Korea has recently raised public concerns about health and growth problems, there are many areas of uncertainty regarding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of CPP. In this paper, we review the definition of precocity, the assessment of CPP, and the hormonal abnormalities that support the diagnosis. In addition, we review the practical guidelines regarding the clinical use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in children with CPP. Indications for treatment, determination of dosage, monitoring during treatment, and discontinuation of therapy are discussed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2001

Objective: To report the pregnancy which was made by in vitro fertilization using recombinant follicle stimulating hormone and gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist. Material and Method: Case report. Results: Six oocytes were retrieved and all were fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Six embryos were transferred and the pregnancy was confirmed. Conclusion: It is envisaged that the availability of recombinant gonadotropins and gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists will ultimately lead to shorter, cheaper and safer treatments, using reduced dosages.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2002년도 춘계 수산관련학회 공둥학술발표회
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• pp.427-428
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• 2002

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2002년도 춘계 한국양식학회 학술대회 발표요지
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• pp.230.2-231
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• 2002

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.119-132
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• 2018

GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) is a supreme hormone regulating reproductive activity in most animals. The sequences of amino acid and nucleic acid of GnRH reported up to now are examined from the evolutionary framework of Chordata. All identified GnRH are classified into GnRH1, GnRH2, or GnRH3. In all three forms of GnRH both N-terminal and C-terminal are conserved, which allows for effective binding to their receptors. The three amino acids in the middle of GnRH1 sequence have altered diversely from the primitive Chordata, which is indicative of the adaptation process to the ambient environment. GnRH2 and GnRH3 sequences are well conserved. There are more diverse modifications in the nucleic acids than in amino acid sequence of GnRH1. These variations can result from meiosis, mutation, or epigenetics and indicate that GnRH is the product of natural selection.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.11-26
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• 2021

Advances in anticancer treatments have resulted in increasing survival rates among cancer patients. Accordingly, the quality of life after treatment, particularly the preservation of fertility, has gradually emerged as an essential consideration. Cryopreservation of embryos or unfertilized oocytes has been considered as the standard method of fertility preservation among young women facing gonadotoxic chemotherapy. Other methods, including ovarian suppression and ovarian tissue cryopreservation, have been considered experimental. Recent large-scale randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that temporary ovarian suppression using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) during chemotherapy is beneficial for preventing chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency in breast cancer patients. It should also be emphasized that GnRHa use during chemotherapy does not replace established fertility preservation methods. All young women facing gonadotoxic chemotherapy should be counseled about and offered various options for fertility preservation, including both GnRHa use and cryopreservation of embryos, oocytes, and/or ovarian tissue.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), a critical hormone produced in the hypothalamus, is essential for regulating reproductive processes. It has also been demonstrated the presence of GnRH and its receptors (GnRHR) in ovarian and uterine tissues, but little was known about the regulation mechanism of their expression in these organs and ovarian aging. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of GnRHR in the ovary and uterus of mice, particularly after high-dose gonadotropin treatments and in relation to aging. Quantitative real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that pituitary gland had the highest GnRHR expression in both young and aged mice. In addition, liver expression was higher in young mice, whereas thymus expression was higher in aged mice. GnRHR mRNA was present in the ovaries of both young and aged mice but nearly undetectable in the uterus of aged mice. We next examined the expression of GnRHR in the ovary and uterus in response to high-dose administration of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). After PMSG administration, GnRH mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the ovary but increased in the uterus. The expression of GnRH mRNA in these organs showed opposite trends to that of GnRHR expression. These results suggest the involvement of GnRH in age-related reproductive decline and the potential effects of high-dose gonadotropin treatments on reproductive organ function.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.596-602
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• 2016

Experiments were carried out examine short-term effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and long-term effects of luteinising hormone releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa) on milt production of the tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. In the first experiment, each fish was implanted with a blank cholesterol pellet (control), 100 and $200{\mu}g$ LHRHa per kg body weight. In the second experiment, fish were injected with either 100, 200, 400 and 800 IU hCG per kg body weight or same volume of marine fish Ringer's solution. In the first experiment, milt volume was increased in male implanted with $200{\mu}g$ LHRHa pellet compared with other groups at day 10. Injection of 400 and 800 IU hCG resulted in an increase in the milt volume at hour 96 after the treatment. Although statistical difference is unable to confirm because of small milt volume, compared with the control group, hormone pellet-treated groups had a reduction in the mean spermatocrit (Sct) and sperm concentration (Sc). The results suggest that the increase in milt volume is at least partially gonadotropin (GtH)-dependent and increased milt volume has a relationship with milt hydration.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1996

인간의 태반성 성선자극호르몬(HCG) 또는 성선자극호르몬-방출호르몬 유도체(GnRH-A)와 pimozide를 이용하여 산란시기의 암컷황복에서 인공 산란을 유도하였다. 호르몬 또는 호르몬유도체의 효과는 배란 후 인공수정시켜 수정율과 배체형성율 및 면역방사측정법으로 혈액의 plasma 내 성선자극호르몬(GTH) 양을 측정하여 결정하였다. 수정율과 배체형성율이 가장 좋은 HCG 농도는 어체중 kg 당 1,000 IU이었다. 또한 GnRH-A ($10\;{\mu}g/kg$)와 pimozide를 동시에 처리했을 때 수정율과 배체형성율이 좋은 pimozide의 농도는 5 mg/kg이었다. Pimozide(1, 5 mg/kg)를 단독으로 처리한 어류에서는 plasma 내 GTH양에 영향을 줄 수 없었지만, GnRH-A와 동시에 처리했을 때 GTH양은 현저히 증가되었다. GnRH-A와 pimozide 및 dopamine을 동시에 처리했을 때 혈액의 plasma 내 GTH양은 크게 감소되었다. 이상의 결과는 산란시기 또는 이시기이외에 황복의 뇌로부터 여러 가지 성선자극호르몬과 성선자극억제호르몬을 분비됨을 시사해 준다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.366-378
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• 2024

Application of commercial hormone failed to promote breeding in certain Pangasius species due to the differences of gonadotropin-releasing hormone specific peptide with species-specific bioactivities. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a hypothalamic decapeptide in the reproductive system that plays a crucial role in the regulation of reproductive processes. This study was performed to determine and analyse the GnRH genes from commercially important Pangasius sp., Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and Pangasius nasutus. The GnRH1 and GnRH2 genes were amplified and cloned into TOPO vector, followed by phylogenetic analysis of a complete open reading frame (ORF) of GnRH genes. The GnRH1 and GnRH2 genes of P. hypophthalmus and P. nasutus were detected at 300 bp and 360 bp, encoded for 81 and 87 amino acids, respectively. Amino acid sequence identities revealed high homology of P. hypophthalmus and P. nasutus GnRH1 and GnRH2 genes in comparison with other fish and vertebrates. Phylogenetic tree showed that fish from various families were aggregated into a group of the same order due to their highest identity similarities. It revealed that the vertebrate formed clusters and are grouped according to their GnRH decapeptide and GnRH-associated peptide (GAP) region, indicating a close relationship among GnRH decapeptide and GAP in different vertebrate species.