• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop standard syllabuses of 4 subjects (Structure and Function of Human Body, Pathogenic Microbiology, Pathophysiology, Mechanisms and Effects of Drug) of bionursing. Methods: We developed standard syllabuses of 4 subjects through 3 step discussions and analysis. At first each committee for 4 subjects made the syllabus, after then all researchers discussed together. Finally each committee concluded final one. Committee members consisted of professors who teach that subject at nursing college. Results: Standard syllabus for Biological Nursing I-1 or Structure & Function of Human Body I consisted of 3 parts and 9 themes and for Biological Nursing I-2 or Structure & Function of Human Body II was 3 parts and 9 themes. Standard syllabus for Biological Nursing II or Pathogenic Microbiology consisted of 8 themes and Biological Nursing III or Pathophysiology consisted of 2 parts and 19 themes. Standard syllabus for Biological Nursing IV or Mechanisms & Effects of Drug consisted of 2 parts and 13 themes. Conclusion: The standard syllabuses and titles of 4 subjects of bionursing need to be disseminated to all the nursing college by Academy of Korean Biological Nursing Science. Further researches to investigate curriculum for bionursing and to identify the effects of 4 standard syllabuses were recommended.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.20-33
• /
• 2006

산업 구조의 변화와 교통 통신의 발달은 인간이 거주하는 공간의 범위와 의미에 대한 정형화된 인식의 변화를 요구한다. 또한 세계는 점차 특화되고 기능화된 권역들로 블록화 되어 권역간의 경쟁구조를 형성하고 있다. 이 같은 현실에서 현재의 최소 행정단위인 기초자치단체의 행정력과 공간적 범위로 세계화 속에서 경쟁하기에는 그 한계가 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 광역적인 수준에서의 의사결정을 위한 도구로서 GIS를 활용하여, 공간적으로 인접하여 위치하며 유사한 환경적 특징을 지니는 지역들이 공동의 문제 해결과 차별화된 경쟁력을 확보할 수 있도록 기능적 권역을 설정하고, 이렇게 설정된 각 권역별 특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 광역적 수준에서의 GIS 활용은 인접지역간의 비효율적 재정집행과 과다한 경쟁을 조율에 있어서 보다 개선된 객관성과 합리성을 제시할 수 있으며, 해당 지역들의 경쟁력 확보와 특화를 위한 광역자치단체 차원에서의 효율적인 예산집행과 계획수립을 가능케 한다. 대상지역인 강원도 지역의 권역설정 기준으로는, 자연환경이 상대적으로 큰 가치를 지니는 강원도의 특성과 수자원의 상대적 가치와 중요성을 고려하여, 자연적 지역구분의 요소 중 하나인 유역권을 기준으로 하였다. 그리고 이 연구에서는 유역권에 의하여 설정된 권역에 대하여, 환경과 관련된 여러 특징 중 지역의 경쟁력과 직접적인 관련이 있는 환경규제 현황을 그 분석 대상으로 하였다. 강원도 지역을 영동권역, 북한강권역, 남한강권역의 세 권역으로 구분하여 권역별 규제현황을 분석한 결과 북한강 권역은 군사시설 보호구역의 비율과 수자원 보호를 위한 규제비율이 상대적으로 높았고, 남한강 권역은 산림과 수자원관련 규제비율이 높았으며, 영동권역은 산림과 관련된 규제비율이 높았다. 강원도 지역의 경우 전반적으로 산림과 수자원에 관련된 규제비율이 높게 나타났다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.810-817
• /
• 2016

The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of a high-energy diet on the level of serum metabolites and on carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. High energy diets have been used for enhancing intramuscular adipose tissue in high quality beef cattle. However, there is not much information about the physiological reactions to this diet. We hypothesized that a high energy diet would increase blood metabolites and the meat quality of Hanwoo steers during the early and final fattening periods. A $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement (High, Control, and Early, Final) in a completely randomized design was used to feed 24 Hanwoo steers. Two steers were kept in the same pen and 12 pens were used for the experiment. Blood was drawn from each steer on the first week of every other month from 11 to 28 months. Overall Average Daily Gain (ADG) and feed efficiency were not different between high energy and control diets (p > 0.05). However, Dry Matter Intake (DMI greater with the control diet than DMI with the high energy diet during the final fattening period (p < 0.05). Serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were greater in the control diet group than in the high energy diet group during the final fattening period (p < 0.05). However, serum albumin, glucose, total protein, triglyceride, and phosphorus were greater in the high energy group than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Carcass traits or physico-chemical characteristics were not different between high energy diet treatment and the control. These data indicated that a high energy diet (+ 3% TDN) increased serum triglyceride during early fattening periods and decreased non-esterified fatty acids during final fattening periods in Hanwoo steers.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.84-93
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to develop a pasture feeding program for reducing the Hanwoo feeding cost. Italian ryegrass (IRG) is a major plant which is abundantly produced in the southern area of South Korea. Locally produced Italian ryegrass has a 30 - 50% reduced pasture cost compared to imported pasture grasses. We hypothesized that Italian ryegrass feed could reduce the feeding cost but not change the physiological characteristics of the Hanwoo steers in the feedlot. Four treatments (Control, short fed IRG silage, long fed IRG silage, and IRG hay) in a completely random design were used to feed 27 Hanwoo steers. Three or four steers were fed in the same pen, and 8 pens were used for the treatments. Blood was drawn from each steer on the first week of every month from 11 to 30 months. Overall, the average daily gain and feed efficiency were not different among the treatments (p < 0.05) except for the final fattening diets (p < 0.05). The long fed IRG silage group had a low ADG compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The serum non-esterified fatty acid and glucose concentrations were reduced during the fattening periods (p < 0.05); however, the serum albumin, total proteins, triglycerides, and phosphorus were increased during the fattening periods (p < 0.05). The carcass weight, longissimus muscle area and back-fat thickness were low in the long fed IRG silage group (p < 0.05). The IRG diet induced saturated fatty acids in the longissimus dorsi (p < 0.05). These results show that the IRG diet increased the serum triglycerides but reduced the glucose level at the final fattening diet and decreased the meat yield score in Hanwoo steers.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2016

Nucleotide metabolism in endothelium is variable between different species. Recent studies demonstrated that this variability could contribute coagulation dysfunction, even though organs of the alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout pig were transplanted into the primate. CD73 (ecto-5'-nucelotidase) is an enzyme at cell surface catalyzing the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate to adenosine, which plays role on a substance for anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulant. Thus, overexpression of CD73 in endothelial cells of the pig is considered as an approach to reduce coagulopathy. In this study, we constructed a human CD73 expression vector under control of porcine Icam2 promoter (pIcam2-hCD73), which is expressed specifically at endothelial cells, and of CMV promoter as a control (CMV-CD73). First, we transfected the CMV-CD73 vector into HEK293 cells, and then confirmed CD73 expression at cell surface by flow cytometry analysis. Next, we transfected the pIcma2-CD73 and CMV-CD73 vectors into primary porcine fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Consequence was that the pIcma2-CD73 vector was expressed only at the porcine endothelial cells, meaning that the pIcam2 promoter lead to endothelial cell-specific expression of CD73 in vitro. Finally, we nucleofected the pIcam2-hCD73 vector into passage 3 fibroblasts, and enforced hygromycin selection of 400mg/ml. We were able to obtain forty three colonies harboring pIcam2-CD73 to provide donor cells for transgenic cloned porcine production.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제44권4호
• /
• pp.574-585
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate effects of a potato byproduct on growth performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. The palm oil coated potato byproduct was supplemented to the diet of Hanwoo steers to estimate the effect on growth performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics during the late fattening period. Thirteen steers with initial body weight of control ($676.8{\pm}31.7kg$), treatment 1 ($671.8{\pm}46.2kg$) and treatment 2 ($672.8{\pm}31.1kg$) were used for 60 days, respectively. Average daily gain of steers in treatment 2 and control was greater than that in treastment 1 (p > 0.05). All steers in treatment 2 had a grade quality grading system than B in meat quantity and had a meat quality higher than the $1^{st}$ grade. According to the physicochemical analysis of longissimus muscle, treatment 2 had high brightness resulting from high meat quality (p > 0.05), and a decrease in redness and yellowness is seen as a dilution effect due to muscle hypertrophy (p > 0.05). The fatty acid composition showed low levels of linoleic acid (p = 0.039) and arachidonic acid (p = 0.008) in treatment 2. This resulted in lower polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels (p = 0.034). On the other hand, high levels of oleic acid resulted in high levels of MUFA (p > 0.05). These results indicate that potato byproduct had similar effects with ${\beta}_2-adrenergic$ agonist (${\beta}_2-AA$). And there was no negative effect on the intramuscular fat. In conclusion, palm oil coated potato byproduct could be potentially used as an alternative growth enhancer.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.93-106
• /
• 2016

이 연구는 제안한 평균복사온도의 차감비교기법을 통해 도시림이 여름철 옥외 환경에 미치는 온열완화를 정량적으로 추정하고 평가는 것을 목적으로 한다. 항공 라이다 측량시스템 기반 3차원 점군자료로부터 도시림이 있는 모의 대상지와 도시림이 없는 모의 대상지 두 사례를 구축하여 SOLWEIG 기반에서 평균복사온도를 산출하고 두 값들을 비교 및 분석하였다. 연구를 통해 도시림 캐노피가 연구지역 전체 일평균 $T_{mrt}$를 약 $5^{\circ}C$ 정도 저감하며 태양의 위치와 지면 조건에 따라 시간평균 $T_{mrt}$가 $33^{\circ}C$까지 저감될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 결과들은 도시미기후 지표(풍속, 습도, 대기 온도 등) 및 생명기상(인지온도 등) 연구들을 향상시키고 더불어 삼림 기반 공공 녹색정책 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.688-696
• /
• 2018

대마씨(Hemp seed; seed of Cannabis sativa L.)는 삼과에 속하는 1년생 초본 식물이며, 면역력 증가, 동맥 경화증, 변비, 고지혈증 예방, 항염증제, 항암제 등 다양한 생물학적 기능을 수행하는 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구에서는 유산균을 이용한 발효 대마씨 추출물의 효능를 조사하였다. 그 결과, Staphylococcus aureus에 대한 항균 활성은 발효하지 않은 대마씨 추출물에 비해 현저히 증가되었으며, 특히 Bacillus cereus에 대하여 발효한 대마씨 추출물에서 항균 활성이 새롭게 나타났다. 또한, 유산균 발효 대마씨 추출물의 총 폴리페놀 함량과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능, SOD 유사 활성, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해 활성은 발효하지 않은 대마씨 추출물에 비해 각각 증가됨을 확인하였다. 추가적으로 멜라닌 증가 물질로 알려진 tyrosinase의 저해 활성도 발효하지 않은 유산균에 비해 증가되었다. 이러한 결과들을 통해 유산균으로 발효한 대마씨 추출물은 항산화, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해 활성 및 tyrosinase 저해 활성을 촉진시키며, 따라서 유산균으로 발효한 대마씨 추출물을 이용한 기능성 소재 및 식품 개발로의 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대한다.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 1997

본 실험은 경남 일광 지역의 한 폐광의 토양에 함유된 중금속의 함량을 연구한 것이다. 세 지점을 선택하여, 각 지점마다 30cm씩 210 또는 240cm까지 굴착하였다. 각 시료는 풍건한 후 왕수분 해법으로 추출한 다음, 유도결합쌍 플라즈마 원자방출분광법(ICP-AES)으로 정량분석하였다. Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, Mn 및 Fe를 대상으로 분석하였고, Pb, Cd 및 Zn의 함유량의 최대값은 $(4.6{\pm}0.1){\times}10^3$, 9.4(${\pm}3.6$) 및 $(2.7{\pm}0.1){\times}10^2{\mu}g/g$으로 각각 나타났다. 1번 지역의 평균 pH값은 3.2, 2번 지역은 2.6, 그리고 3번 지역은 2.8로 나타났다. 그 값들은 4.9로 나타난 표준 시료 토양의 pH값에 비해 현저히 낮다. 각 시료 채취 지점에서, 중금속의 최대값은 30cm부터 60cm 깊이 사이에서 관찰되었다. Zn, Cd, Pb 및 Cu의 깊이에 따른 중금속 함량들은 분포된 경향이 비슷하게 나타나지만, Fe, Cu 및 Mn은 앞의 중금속들과는 분포된 경향이 다르게 나타났다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.251-255
• /
• 2008

The aim of the present recent study was to compare the protein patterns in the vaginal mucus of Hanwoo cattles during spontaneous and CIDR induced-estrus. Ten cattles, who had been observed in estrus, received no treatment and served as the group of cattles with normal spontaneous estrus. Thirteen cattles in the CIDR received an CIDR insert on day 14 were removed and cattles were injected GnRH on day 15. Vaginal mucus samples were collected from all cattles at the same time the single AI in cattles with spontaneous estrus and the AI in cattles with induced estrus. Spontaneous and CIDR-induced estrus vaginal mucus samples were analyzed on two different array surfaces: cation-exchange (CM10), anion-exchange (Q10). In addition, using the NaCl solution by which the proteins combined after washing are 0.5, 1 and 2 M, it was fractionated and a protein was collected successively. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Ionic surfaces chemistries (Q10 and CM10) gave the best results in terms of detectable protein peaks, with more than 100 protein peaks in the two fractions and under each condition. 2) Protein mass spectrometer using 11 different proteins in protein identification of 7 were able to determine the protein. List of identified proteins as follows; Ribosome-binding protein 1, GRIP 1-associated protein 1, Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A-like 1, Protein FAM44A, DUF729 domain-containing protein 1, Prolactin precursor, Dihydrofolate erductase. Conclusively, on the basis of this study, protein expression in the vaginal mucus could be used as an indicator for time of estrus manifestation in order to increase conception rates by applying AI at an optional time.