• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.337-357
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• 2008

This study examines the characteristics of population ageing and the employment of aged workers in Seoul. Population indexes such as aged/child ratio and longevity degree are analyzed to identify the time-spatial changes and differentiation of population ageing by Gu. Job offerers, job seekers and employees related to the aged workers are also analyzed using data from Center of Job Placement for the Aged in Seoul. The results indicate that population ageing of Seoul has progressed faster than other regions in recent years. In addition, regional differences in tendency of population ageing is obvious even within Seoul. The percentage of unskilled laborer is much higher in Seoul compared with other regions. There is geographical differentiation in employment of aged workers among regions within Seoul. The employment opportunity of the aged is high in core economic areas of Seoul, while low in the outer residential area. This shows geographical mismatch between job offerers and seekers, which means that it is difficult for aged workers to get the jobs near to their residence. Accordingly, governmental support and intervention is needed considering their lower mobility.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.79-100
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• 2015

In spite of the various government policies to increase the jobs and to improve the employment environment, the unemployment rate has not reduced. The aims of this study are to analyze the structural mismatch(especially geographical mismatch) between job opening and job seeking, and thus to comprehend more deeply the factors affecting unemployment rates of economic regions in Korea. For the period of 2008~2013, the unemployment rates caused by geographical mismatches between job opening and job seeking have been increased steadily. For Chungcheong, Dongnam and Honam economic region, geographical mismatches of low-educated and low-skilled jobs showed relatively quite high, indicating that the job seeker have a strong tendency of preferring certain areas in looking for their jobs. It means that the job seeker can get a job only to move the other areas within an economic region. However, for Capital region, which is the largest job seekers in Korea, geographical mismatches in all types of jobs showed very quite low. So, it is very difficult for the job seeker to escape from unemployment when changing the other areas in looking for a job in Capital region. The results of this study gives an important implication that a nationwide uniform unemployment policy may not be effective to reduce unemployment conditions, and a differentiated unemployment policy should be established in considering the characteristics of geographic mismatches by the types of job in terms of the level of education and skill for each economic region.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

The POSCO Outsourcing Partners(POSOP) consisted of 59 companies plays an important role in creating jobs in Gwangyang City of Jeonnam Province, the representative steel city of Korea. However POSOP are suffering from a job shortage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mismatch between job-seekers and job-openers in relation to employment in Gwangyang City. As a result of the job-mismatch analysis of nine factors, there was a clear mismatch in recognition of suppliers, access to corporate and employment information, employment information acquisition path, and employment preference factors. However, there was no mismatch in the factors of employment avoidance and difficulty in the job-seeking and recruitment process. As solutions to the mismatch, it proposes to redefine the role of POPOS, promote capacity building projects for labor-management co-prosperity and cooperation, and gradually promote related projects in connection with the master plan related a comprehensive plan for youth jobs.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2016

This study investigates the employment and spatial mismatch as a significant acting factor of deepening urban poverty and analyses the placeness of regional labor market that the more efficient place-based labor market intervention needs to take into account. The change of unemployment rate as a regional labor market outcome in metropolitan cities is determined by the dynamic interaction between disequilibrium of labor supply and demand and employment mismatch according to various labor market conditions and its process is certainly differentiated across the metropolitan regional labor markets. In addition, it is analyzed that during the employment suburbanization the spatial mismatch puts differentiated impacts on different labor groups through human capital requirements and industry-selective job opportunities. As a result, because this whole process works with its unique process within individual regional labor markets, in order to link between urban poverty and employment mismatch and to promote problem-solving labor market intervention, we need to develop place-based policy based on the placeness of regional labor marekt.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.239-258
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• 2013

This study aims to examine that Jeollabuk-do 14 cities and counties's job creation policy would lead to a virtuous circle of the local economy through measuring the ratio of spatial mismatch. We suppose that the higher proportion of spatial mismatch in a city or county is, the lower multiplier effect contributes the local economy, especially in the income of residents and the influx of population. For the analysis, this study uses Korean Regional Employment Survey Micro-data and calculates the labor demand self-sufficiency(LDSS) rate of every local labor market for measuring the degree of spatial mismatch. Also we calculate the LDSS rate of employment status, industry, job classification and wage for testing the independency of local labor market. After analyzing, just Jeonju, Gunsan, Iksan, and Namwon could be regarded as independent local labor market where LDSS rates are above 75% in most criteria. But other local labor markets depend on outer labor supplies. For the development of regional economy, it is necessary to consider the creation of 'good jobs' that can induce the labor in parallel with the quantitative increase of employment.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.187-207
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• 2002

This study investigates the wage determination process of regional labor markets in order to understand the regional dimension of labor market processes in Korean metropolitan cities. Since the financial crisis in late 1997, the interplay between labor market restructuring such as unemployment and skill polarization and income disparity has been shaped by the labor market process in the metropolitan cities. This is also closely related to the fact that both industrial restructuring and expanding information technologies in the metropolitan region have reshaped the labor demand structure and finally resulted in structural unemployment due to skill mismatch and spatial mismatch and wage inequality across different occupations. In addition, since wage determination process clearly has a regional dimension, wage determination and its influence on income profile in a certain regional labor market need to be understood by investigating its labor market characteristics including labor supply and demand structure, industrial changes, changing unemployment, etc. This is why labor market policy as a regional policy needs to be redefined and it can be much enhanced by geographical investigation on regional labor market.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.437-451
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence commuting patterns of Seoul residents after the construction of new towns. To find the determinants of commuting time for residents with jobs in Seoul, a multiple regression analysis is performed using household survey data. Overall, the findings present a plausible picture of the spatial configuration in Seoul, where younger residents with growing families move out to the suburbs to become owners of apartment homes, and drive or use mass transportation to get to work. As they get older and wealthier, other things being equal, they gravitate towards the city centre in order to reduce the time wasted on commuting. While their occupations appear to play little role, it seems that the entrapment hypothesis on female workers is supported as well. In addition, excess commuting is still prevalent due to jobs-housing mismatch in Seoul, although it is less severe than in the past. Based on these results, planners should devise better strategies to solve the inefficient commuting problem.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.752-765
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• 2012

We analyze the relation empirically between regional labor market characteristics and job matching efficiency with the adaption of stochastic frontier production function. Our empirical results suggest that, as both the ratio of 50 years-old-job seekers and the level of spatial density increase, job matching efficiencies also rise. In contrast, an increase in the ratio of firms which offer permanent contracts lowers job matching efficiencies. And the job matching efficiency is relatively higher in metropolitan areas. Finally, We find a negative relation between total industrial production and job matching efficiency, which implies that job seekers tend to accept uncongenial jobs in the recessions.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.339-354
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• 2009

The purposes of this study are to identify many implications of commuting regional type according to the features of foreigner commuting. Research on the pattern of distribution of foreigners has been very simple and limited because foreigners usually lived together in a specific area, and their workplace often tended to be their residence. However they currently live dispersed more Widely, and their job and housing increasingly tend to be mismatched. This study divided areas inhabited by foreigners into general one characterized by job-housing match and exceptional one characterized by job-housing mismatch, and then examined the features of foreigner commuting. General commute type showed a high rate of intra area commute and foreign workers' universal features. Inflow commute type showing high E/R ratio. In these areas, outflow commuters had a short journey to work while inflow commuters had relatively a long journey to work, and professionals accounted for a high proportion of employees. Outflow commute type showing low E/R ratio. In these areas, outflow commuters had a long journey to work while inflow commuters had a relatively short journey to work. The composition ratio of three commute types was different according to nationality and visa type.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.879-896
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• 2013

The assessed land values and housing prices have been widely utilized as a basic information for the land and house trades and for evaluating governmental and local taxes. However, there exists a price difference in actual markets between the assessment level and assessed land values or housing prices. This paper emphasizes the spatial mismatch between the assessed land values and housing market prices and particularly addresses the following two aspects by focusing on spatial effects of the modifiable areal units, which would substantially affect the estimation of the assessed land values and housing prices. First, we examine the spatial distributions of the assessed land values and housing market prices, and the gap between those prices, on the basis of the aggregated spatial units(i.e., aggregation districts). Second, we explore the scale effect of the MAUP(modifiable areal unit problem) generally embedded in estimating the prices of the sampled standard lands and houses, and calibrating the correction index for the land values and housing prices for the individuals. For the application, we analysed the land values and housing prices in Seoul utilizing GIS and statistical software. As a result, some spatial clusters that the housing market prices are significantly higher than the assessed land values were identified at a finer geographic level. Also, it was empirically revealed that the statistical results from the regression of regional variables on the assessed land values for the individuals are significantly affected by the aggregation levels of the spatial units.