• Title/Summary/Keyword: Geographical Indications

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A Study on the Export Promotion Strategies of Agro-Fishery Products in Gangwondo through Geographical Indications (지리적 표시를 통한 강원지역 농림수산물의 수출활성화 방안)

  • La, Kong-Woo;Um, kwang-Yeol;Kim, Chi-Ho
    • International Commerce and Information Review
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.441-466
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    • 2007
  • Geographical indications are place names (in some countries also words associated with a place) used to identify the origin and quality, reputation or other characteristics of products. Protection required under the TRIPS Agreement is defined in two articles. The purpose of this study is to select the representative geographical indication item of Korea, discuss of the new intellectual property rights, and promote the trade of that product. It is also discussed of a geographical indication registration system and the recognition with international point of view. The international geographical indication protection is strengthening in recent. There are many multilateral and bilateral discussions and talks for geographical indication system. In order to protect excellent Korean products locally and internationally, the 'Quality Management of Agricultural Products Act' has been introduced form July 1, 1999. The geographical indication registration of Korea currently is 31 cases. The geographical indication is limited the regional promotion in Korea. Therefore, it is studied the registered items on the list and analyzed the result of the registration. Consequently, this paper suggests that more effective ways have to be prepared for the systematic management of geographical indications, campaigns for the recognition as a property.

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A Study on the Consumer Perception of Geographical Indications for Agricultural and Processed Products (농산물 및 가공품의 지리적표시제에 대한 소비자 인식에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Jung-Eun;Kim, Dong-Jin;Kim, Hyun-Jung
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.159-171
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    • 2009
  • A geographical indication is a protected trade name or mark for a product that corresponds to a specific geographic location or origin. Geographical indications have been widely used in European countries over the last three decades, mainly for wine and food products. This study investigates the consumer perception of geographical indications for agricultural and processed products and purchase experiences of consumers. It also examines consumer intention to pay more for geographical indication products. The findings from the empirical investigation showed that only 24.0% of the respondents have purchased geographical indication products whereas 49.5% of the respondents have not. Meanwhile, 26.5% of the respondents reported that they were unaware of geographical indications. Main reasons of purchasing geographical indication products were trust in quality, safety, and better taste. On the other hand, main reasons of not purchasing geographical indication products were lack of knowledge and no distinctive quality. The respondents answered that they would pay more for geographical indication products especially for luxury items such as ginseng, wine, and beef.

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Legal Protection Of Geographic Indications Of Traditional Food "Tahu Kuning Kediri" Jawa Timur, Indonesia

  • WAHYUNI, Niniek;WIDAYATI, Satriyani Cahyo
    • Asian Journal of Business Environment
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.39-46
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the opportunity for the traditional food of Tahu Kuning Kediri (Kediri Yellow Tofu) as a product that deserves legal protection in the form of geographic indications. Methodology: This research is a normative juridical study that emphasizes secondary data from literary studies. The research subjects are policies and regulations related to geographic indications. Findings: Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the traditional food of 'Tahu Kuning Kediri' meets the requirements for legal protection in the form of a geographical indicator because it fulfills four conditions, namely a sign indicating its origin, GI objects in the form of goods and/or products, geographical factors and certain characteristics of goods and/or products that are different from other traditional regional yellow tofu food. Conclusions: The process of applying for legal protection in the form of geographic indications can be carried out by the association of MSMEs of 'Tahu Kuning Kediri' producers who are already legal in collaboration with the local government and submit to the Ministry of Law and Human Rights by attaching the proposed Geographical Indication book.

A Study on the Perceptions of Consumers, Producers, and Government Employees toward Geographical Indications (지리적 표시제에 대한 소비자 생산자, 지방자치단체 공무원의 인식에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Lisa Hyun-Jung;Kim, Dong-Jin;Cho, Jung-Eun
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.177-189
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    • 2010
  • This study investigates the perceptual differences on geographical indications among consumers, producers, and government employees. First, in terms of the recognition of the geographical indication certification mark, approximately 56% of consumers showed no experience to recognize the mark, indicating their low level of recognition. Besides, some respondents among producers and government employees indicated no experience or no recollection on the certification mark. In terms of the vitalization of geographical indications, consumers and government employees showed positive responses while producers were negative on it. Consumers and government employees attributed the reasons for the low level of vatalization of geographical indications to the low level of consumer recognition. On the other band, producers indicated that the complicated registration procedure and incidental expenses were the main reasons for this issue. Lastly, this study examined if there were significant differences on the perceived consumer preferences on the domestic and imported agricultural and processed products among the three groups. The results found that producers and government employees perceived that consumers preferred the imported products to the domestic products than customers actually did, indicating the lack of understanding of these two groups on consumer preferences on agricultural and processed products.

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The Impact of Geographical Indication on the Promotion of Cultural Industry of a Region : A Case Study of Boseong Green Tea (지리적 표시제 도입이 지역 문화산업 진흥에 미치는 영향 -보성녹차를 사례로-)

  • Suh, Jeong-Wook
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.229-244
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    • 2006
  • Geographical indications are signs which identify a good as originating in the territory of a specific country, region, or locality, where the quality, reputation or other characteristics of the product is essentially attributable to its geographical origin. Korea has implemented geographical indication system through its Agricultural Product Quality Control Act since 1999. This research analyzes the impacts and implications of geographical indications on a particular cultural industry in a region using a case study of Boseong green tea which is the first product that was officially registered as a geographical indication in Korea. The results show that the geographical indication has contributed to the promotion of green tea industry in Boseong not only through increase of production but also through development of tourism. The implication is that a geographical indication can be used as an effective method to cope with trade liberalization in terms of agricultural policy. Another implication is that a geographical indication provides an efficient tool for place marketing.

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Geographical indication and its trade practices in Europe, USA and China (유럽, 미국, 중국의 지리적 표시 제도 및 산업적 현황)

  • Cheon, Jae Eun;Xin, Yimei
    • Food Science and Industry
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    • v.54 no.4
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    • pp.246-259
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    • 2021
  • Various countries established Geographical Indication (GI) system to protect the right and traditionality of their native products. The regulations vary by country but can be divided accordingly: Protection by trademark systems such as in USA, Special Protection for Geographical Indication as in EU, Protection by both schemes as in China and Korea. Within the systems, countries provide diverse schemes such as PDO and PGI in EU depending on the scope of the product. However, GI system in Korea provides one definition which only protects products that express definite tie to its territory of origin, preliminary with the origin of the ingredient. It is necessary for the government and industry to seek ways to revitalize the local economy in the global market and increase the number of GI products by aligning GI systems with foreign countries and support mutual bilateral agreement.

Understanding the commercial significance of geographical indications and the implications for Korean kimchi through the example of Columbian coffee (콜롬비아 커피의 지리적 표시 활용 전략을 통해 본 지리적 표시의 상업적 의의와 김치의 지리적 표시제 개선 방향)

  • Song, YoungJoo
    • Food Science and Industry
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    • v.54 no.4
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    • pp.268-277
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    • 2021
  • A geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin. This paper explores ways to protect Korean goods as GIs in the U.S. and EU by examining the efforts of the Colombian Coffee Federation (FNC) to protect Colombian coffee. The FNC enhanced the global awareness of Colombian coffee and increased the profits of Colombian coffee producers by registering Colombian coffee as a certification mark in the U.S. and as a GI under the EU's quality schemes. The Korean government protects kimchi under its own GI system. For kimchi products to earn the label "Korean kimchi," the three main ingredients must be produced in Korea. This has been a challenge for kimchi producers, who often rely on imported ingredients. Korea could learn from FNC's strategies to improve the current GI system for kimchi.

Development direction of geographical indication for globalizing kimchi (김치의 세계화를 위한 지리적 표시제 발전방향)

  • Min, Sunggi;Cho, Jungeun;Seo, Hye-Young
    • Food Science and Industry
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    • v.54 no.4
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    • pp.260-267
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    • 2021
  • Nowadays kimchi is exported to 80 countries and can be easily found overseas, but the name "Korean Kimchi" has not been protected internationally. Korean kimchi need to be registered as a geographical indication and receive international protection in order to establish its status as the country of origin. With the revision of the Kimchi Industry Promotion Act in 2020, geographical indications were introduced for kimchi and a legal basis was in place to enable the geographical indication as "Korean Kimchi" or "Republic of Korea Kimchi." Although there are issues remaining between the current system and producers' associations, we should prioritize the geographical indication as a means of protecting the country's agricultural products. In addition, efforts should be made to improve the quality and product value of Korean kimchi so that it is also recognized as a global brand.

A Study on the Concept and Protection System for the Geographical Indication (지리적 표시제도의 의의 및 보호체제 연구)

  • Go, Yong-Bu
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.165-184
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    • 2007
  • This study reviews the concept and protection system for the geographical Indication(GI) to support the Korea-EU FTA. A geographical indication(GI) is a name or sign used on certain products or which corresponds to a specific geographical indication or origin (eg. a town, region, or country). The use of a GI may act as a certification that the product possesses certain qualities, or enjoys a certain reputation, due to its geographical origin. In the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual property Rights("TRIPS"). There are, in effect, two basic obligations from Article 22 to article 23 on WTO member governments relating to GIs in the TRIPS agreement. Geographical Indications have long been associated with Europe as an entity, where there is a tradition of associating certain food products with particular regions, Under European Union Law, the protected designation of origin system which came into effect in 1992 and 2003 regulates the following geographical indications: Protected designation of origin(PDO) and protected geographical indication(PGI) and Traditional Specialty Guaranteed(TSG). They have 5,000 articles for GI. We have the GI system and 40 articles rotating to registration by the law for quality management of production in agriculture. Cinclusinally, geographical indications could potentially serve as tools to helf holders of trade benefit more equitable through the mutual Acceptance for Korea-EU FTA.

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Quantitative Evaluation on Geographical Indication of Agricultural Specialty Products using Location Quotient (LQ) Index (입지계수를 이용한 지역 농특산물 지리적표시제의 정량적 평가기준 연구)

  • Kim, Solhee;Suh, Kyo;Kim, Yooan;Kim, Chanwoo;Jung, Chanhoon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.61 no.2
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    • pp.75-83
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    • 2019
  • Using geographical indication, a type of source identification, can effectively promote local specialty agricultural products of superior quality, by identifying the specific geographic location or origin of the produce. Agricultural products can be registered using the geographical indication by describing the product's relation to its geographical origin including the reputation and quality. However, this indication has no objective standards to qualify goods as agricultural specialty products. The purpose of this study is to suggest basic criteria to define the characteristics and criteria of agricultural specialties based on a quantitative evaluation method. To propose this basic standard, we used the proportion of arable land to denote the major production areas and the location quotient (LQ) index to grasp the extent of the specialty of a product. The results show that the average LQ values of registered agricultural products, particularly apples, pears, and garlic, are 3.26, 8.01, and 2.82, respectively. This indicates that they are more specialized than produce from other areas that have not registered for a geographical indication. Low LQ values were found in some areas with registered rice geographical indications, which are also more focused on their historical reputation as the main rice producing areas. Considering the agricultural specialty of products, the recommendation is that the producing proportion should be over 1% of the national scale and over 10% of the province scale, and the LQ value should be over 2.0. This recommendation is not a requirement, but the criteria can prove to be useful in identifying a higher range of specialized agricultural products.