• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.159-169
• /
• 2014

This study generalizes the lateral load-displacement relationship of reinforced concrete shear walls from the section analysis for moment-curvature response to straightforwardly evaluate the flexural capacity and ductility of such members. Moment and curvature at different selected points including the first flexural crack, yielding of tensile reinforcing bar, maximum strength, 80% of the maximum strength at descending branch, and fracture of tensile reinforcing bar are calculated based on the strain compatibility and equilibrium of internal forces. The strain at extreme compressive fiber to determine the curvature at the descending branch is formulated as a function of reduction factor of maximum stress of concrete and volumetric index of lateral reinforcement using the stress-strain model of confined concrete proposed by Razvi and Saatcioglu. The moment prediction models are simply formulated as a function of tensile reinforcement index, vertical reinforcement index, and axial load index from an extensive parametric study. Lateral displacement is calculated by using the moment area method of idealized curvature distribution along the wall height. The generalized lateral load-displacement relationship is in good agreement with test result, even at the descending branch after ultimate strength of shear walls.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.439-455
• /
• 2016

This paper presented solutions of displacement and stress for a circular opening which is reinforced with grouted rock bolt. It satisfies the Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) or generalized Hoek-Brown (H-B) failure criterion, and exhibits elastic-brittle-plastic or strain-softening behavior. The numerical stepwise produce for strain-softening rock mass reinforced with grouted rock bolt was developed with non-associative flow rules and two segments piecewise linear functions related to a principle strain-dependent plastic parameter, to model the transition from peak to residual strength. Three models of the interaction mechanism between grouted rock bolt and surrounding rock proposed by Fahimifar and Soroush (2005) were adopted. Based on the axial symmetrical plane strain assumption, the theoretical solution of the displacement and stress were proposed for a circular tunnel excavated in elastic-brittle-plastic and strain-softening rock mass compatible with M-C or generalized H-B failure criterion, which is reinforced with grouted rock bolt. It showed that Fahimifar and Soroush's (2005) solution is a special case of the proposed solution for n = 0.5. Further, the proposed method is validated through example comparison calculated by MATLAB programming. Meanwhile, some particular examples for M-C or generalized H-B failure criterion have been conducted, and parametric studies were carried out to highlight the influence of different parameters (e.g., the very good, average and very poor rock mass). The results showed that, stress field in plastic region of surrounding rock with considering the supporting effectiveness of the grouted rock bolt is more than that without considering the effectiveness of the grouted rock bolt, and the convergence and plastic radius are reduced.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.649-665
• /
• 2015

The present paper attempts to investigate the propagation of plane waves in generalized piezo-thermoelastic medium under the effect of rotation. The normal mode analysis is used to obtain the expressions for the displacement components, the temperature, the stress and the strain components. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by different theories (Coupled theory, Lord-Schulman, Green-Lindsay) in the absence and presence of rotation.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.779-793
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this research paper is to depict the thermomechanical interactions in transversely isotropic magneto thermoelastic solid with two temperatures and without energy dissipation in generalized LS theories of thermoelasticity. The Laplace and Fourier transform techniques have been used to find the solution of the problem. The displacement components, stress components, and conductive temperature distribution with the horizontal distance are computed in the transformed domain and further calculated in the physical domain numerically. The effect of two temperature and relaxation time are depicted graphically on the resulting quantities.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.7
• /
• pp.1341-1347
• /
• 2007

The displacement field (Optical flow) has been calculated by bottom-up approaches based on local processing. In contrast with them, in this paper, a top-down approach based on expanding in turn from the lowest order mode the whole motion in an image pair of sequential images is proposed. The intensity of medical images usually represents a quantity which is conserved during the motion. Hence sequential images are ideally related by a coordinate transformation. The displacement field can be determined from the generalized moments of the two images. The equations which transform arbitrary generalized moments from a source image to a target image are expressed as a function of the displacement field. The appareent displacement field is then computed iteratively by a projection method which utilizes the functional derivatives of the linearized moment equations. This method is demonstrated using a pair of sequential heart images. For comparative evaluation, we applied Horn and Schunck's method, a standard multigrid method, and our proposed algorithm to sequential image.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.211-234
• /
• 2016

A total of 99 full-scale field load tests at 22 sites were compiled for this study to elucidate several issues related to the load-displacement behaviour of belled piers under axial uplift loading, including (1) interpretation criteria to define various elastic, inelastic, and "failure" states for each load test from the load-displacement curve; (2) generalized correlations among these states and determinations to the predicted ultimate uplift resistances; (3) uncertainty in the resistance model factor statistics required for reliability-based ultimate limit state (ULS) design; (4) uncertainty associated with the normalized load-displacement curves and the resulting model factor statistics required for reliability-based serviceability limit state (SLS) design; and (5) variations of the combined ULS and SLS model factor statistics for reliability-based limit state designs. The approaches discussed in this study are practical and grounded realistically on the load tests of belled piers with minimal assumptions. The results on the characterization and uncertainty of uplift load-displacement behaviour of belled piers could be served as to extend the early contributions for reliability-based ULS and SLS designs.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.19-38
• /
• 2008

A general solution to the field equations of homogeneous isotropic generalized thermoelastic diffusion with two relaxation times (Green and Lindsay theory) has been obtained using the Fourier transform. Assuming the disturbances to be harmonically time.dependent, the transformed solution is obtained in the frequency domain. The application of a time harmonic concentrated and distributed loads have been considered to show the utility of the solution obtained. The transformed components of displacement, stress, temperature distribution and chemical potential distribution are inverted numerically, using a numerical inversion technique. Effect of diffusion on the resulting expressions have been depicted graphically for Green and Lindsay (G-L) and coupled (C-T) theories of thermoelasticity.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.293-308
• /
• 2014

Unlike the traditional displacement type vessels, the high speed planing crafts are supported by the lift forces which are highly non-linear. This non-linear phenomenon causes their motions in an irregular seaway to be non-Gaussian. In general, it may not be possible to express the probability distribution of such processes by an analytical formula. Also the process might not be stationary or ergodic in which case the statistical behavior of the motion to be constantly changing with time. Therefore the extreme values of such a process can no longer be calculated using the analytical formulae applicable to Gaussian processes. Since closed form analytical solutions do not exist, recourse is taken to fitting a distribution to the data and estimating the statistical properties of the process from this fitted probability distribution. The peaks over threshold analysis and fitting of the Generalized Pareto Distribution are explored in this paper as an alternative to Weibull, Generalized Gamma and Rayleigh distributions in predicting the short term extreme value of a random process.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.285-300
• /
• 2010

The two-dimensional deformation of a homogeneous, isotropic thermoelastic half-space with voids with variable modulus of elasticity and thermal conductivity subjected to thermomechanical boundary conditions has been investigated. The formulation is applied to the coupled theory(CT) as well as generalized theories: Lord and Shulman theory with one relaxation time(LS), Green and Lindsay theory with two relaxation times(GL) Chandrasekharaiah and Tzou theory with dual phase lag(C-T) of thermoelasticity. The Laplace and Fourier transforms techniques are used to solve the problem. As an application, concentrated/uniformly distributed mechanical or thermal sources have been considered to illustrate the utility of the approach. The integral transforms have been inverted by using a numerical inversion technique to obtain the components of displacement, stress, changes in volume fraction field and temperature distribution in the physical domain. The effect of dependence of modulus of elasticity on the components of stress, changes in volume fraction field and temperature distribution are illustrated graphically for a specific model. Different special cases are also deduced.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2013

In this paper the three dimensional wave propagation in a homogeneous isotropic thermo elastic cylindrical panel embedded in an elastic medium (Winkler model) is investigated in the context of the L-S (Lord-Shulman) theory of generalized thermo elasticity. The analysis is carried out by introducing three displacement functions so that the equations of motion are uncoupled and simplified. A Bessel function solution with complex arguments is then directly used for the case of complex Eigen values. This type of study is important for design of structures in atomic reactors, steam turbines, wave loading on submarine, the impact loading due to superfast train and jets and other devices operating at elevated temperature. In order to illustrate theoretical development, numerical solutions are obtained and presented graphically for a zinc material with the support of MATLAB.