• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of incidental findings(IFs) on digital dental panoramic radiographs(DPRs) of asymptomatic patients attending a general dental practice. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 6,252 consecutive digital (photostimulatable phosphor) DPRs of patients who visited a Canadian general dental practice for a complete new patient examination. The IFs were grouped into dental-related anomalies, radiopacities and radiopacities in the jaws, changes in the shape of the condyles, and other findings in the jaws, such as tonsilloliths and mucosal antral pseudocysts. Their prevalence was determined. Results: Thirty-two percent of the DPRs showed at least 1 IF. The highest prevalence was found for dental-related anomalies(29% of all DPRs), of which impacted teeth were the most prevalent finding (24% of all DPRs), followed by idiopathic osteosclerosis(6% of all DPRs). A lower prevalence was noted for tonsilloliths(3%), and the prevalence of root tips, mucosal antral pseudocysts, and anomalies in condylar shape was approximately 1% each. Conclusion: The observed prevalence of 32.1% for IFs of any type underscores the need for a dental practitioner to review the entire DPR when a patient presents for an initial dental examination (or check-up) or for dental hygiene. Only a single IF (a central giant cell granuloma) provoked alarm, as it was initially considered malignant. Similarly, impacted teeth and suspected cysts need careful evaluation upon discovery to determine how they may be optimally managed.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to introduce the concepts of experiential learning and the Kolb's model, and to review some applications of experiential learning theory in graduate medical education. The published literature on GME and education for general practitioners applying the experiential theory and the Kolb's model was reviewed. Experience learning defined the cyclical learning process which emphasizes the learners' reflective thinking of the learners' concrete experiences and their active participation in continuous learning actives. Kolb includes this 'cycle of learning' as a central principle in his experiential learning theory. This is typically expressed as a four-stage cycle of learning. Kolb's cycle moves through concrete experience(CE), reflective observation(RO), abstract conceptualization(AC) and active experimentation(AE). Components of continuing education of the adult learner were based on autonomy, context of learning, and competence and performance as educational objectives. Some strategies for graduate medical education were reflective thinking, self-directed learning, morning reporting and feedback with peer review, etc. Opportunities for learning from experience in practical life can be made to enhance reflective thinking and performance of practitioners. Strategies to develop reflective practice among physicians should be explored by further research.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2016

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) I is a rare, progressive and multisystemic disease with insidious initial signs and symptoms, and making an early diagnosis can be a challenge for the first-line general medical practitioner. We report a 6-month-old girl who was brought to our well baby clinic for regular immunization with the manifestations of lumbar gibbus, hirsutism, large Mongolian spots over back and buttock, and mild bilateral legs spasticity noticed by the general pediatrician, and then newly diagnosed with MPS I after referral to the geneticist in time. Her surgical history included inguinal hernia repair at 1 month old, $CO_2$ laser supraglottoplasty for laryngomalacia and tracheostomy due to chronic respiratory failure with ventilator dependence at 2 months old. Understanding and identification of the early signs and symptoms of this disease have the potential to early diagnosis and timely appropriate treatment, which could contribute to a better clinical outcome.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제45권
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• pp.111-136
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• 2010

Bill of lading means the transport document ("marine", "ocean" or "port-to-port" or similar), however named, covering sea shipment only. Data in a bill of lading, when read in context with the credit, the document itself and international standard banking practice, need not be identical to, but must not conflict with, data in that document, any other stipulated document or the credit, according to UCP 600 and ISBP. This article has provided the general guideline of the discrepancies on the basis of UCP 600, ISBP 681 and the ICC Banking Commission Opinions, for the solution of the unpaid problems of the credit transactions. I have studied especially the ICC Banking Commission Opinions and the DOCDEX Decisions on the bill of lading after UCP 600, the international standard banking practice (ISBP 681), and the recent Korean cases. As such, this article would fill a need gap in the market between the general principles in the UCP provisions and the daily job of the practitioner. The credit practitioners are suggested to this resulting guidance whenever doubts arise as to how to check the credit documents in daily practice.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in the needs of primary health care posts before 2008 and after 2009. Methods: For the final analysis data on 1,905 public health centers and 1,521 public health practitioners were analyzed. The chi-test was used to examine differences between the employees before and after 2008 in general, and T-test for differences in core competencies and job training needs. The test was carried out during June and July, 2017. Results: There were statistically significant differences in general characteristics, future health clinic function, necessity for core competency education, and for job education. Conclusion: Information on the need for new job training should include information the use of public health center information systems, drug mechanisms, medication guidance, discrimination of major symptoms, treatment for common diseases, patient referral and follow-up, health management for elders, dementia management, and chronic disease management. In future job training, it is necessary to elaborate intensively details and evaluate effectiveness.

• 치과방사선
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.49-61
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to compare E-speed film, CDR, and modified CDR images by means of observing some artificial defects of alveolar bone wall in the sound human dried mandibles. High diagnostic accuracy was shown in 1 wall and 4 wall defects by all 5 observers (2 Radiologists, 2 Periodontists, 1 General practitioner), but the diagnosis in 2 wall and 3 wall defects was inaccurate. Modified CDR images had the more diagnostic accuracy than E-speed film and CDR images, but there was no statistical difference among them. Finally, radiologist used modified CDR images more than others and used equalization effect more than the change in contrast and/or brightness.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2015

Purpose and Method: Despite benefits of building energy simulations, practitioners seem to be reluctant to use simulations for design decision making. By means of survey and interviews, this study aims to investigate domestic hindrance against increasing simulation usability, and to collect user requirement to enhance technical functionality of the simulation. Also this study compares the Information Sharing Workflow by Stantec and general domestic design process in order to identify a direction of the Integrated Design Process. Result: Finally this study wraps up with suggestions of how simulation functionality and use protocol should be in order to satisfy user requirement and also to gather more users.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.2071-2077
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• 2013

Esophageal cancer is a mjaor health problems in many parts of the world. A geographical information system (GIS) allows investigation of the geographical distribution of diseases. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between esophageal cancer and effective climatic factors using GIS. The dispersion distribution and the relationship between environmental factors effective on cancer were measured using Arc GIS. The highest degree of spread was in Germi town and the least was in Ardabil city. There was a significant relationship between effective environmental factors and esophageal cancer in Ardabil province. The results indicated that environmental factors probably are influential in determining the incidence of esophageal cancer. Also, these results can be considered as a window to future comprehensive research on esophageal cancer and related risk factors.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제20권
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• pp.317-341
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• 2003

The publication International Standard Banking Practice for the Examination of Documents under Documentary Letters of Credit (ISBP) is the product by a task force of the ICC Banking Commission. The ISBP is a practical complement to UCP 500, ICC’s universally used rules on documentary credits. The ISBP does not amend the UCP. It explains, in explicit detail, how the rules are to be applied on a day-to-day basis. It fills a needed gap between the general principles announced in the rules and the daily work of the documentary credit practitioner. By using the ISBP, document checkers can bring their practices in line with those followed by their colleagues worldwide. The result should be a significant reduction in the number of documents refused for discrepancies on first presentation.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2002

콘택트렌즈 착용에 따른 사용자의 실태조사는 안경원과 안과에 내원한 콘택트렌즈 사용자 237명(남자 56명, 여자 181명)을 대상으로 문진과 세극 등 검사, 각막곡률 검사, 굴절검사 등을 하였다. 연구 결과 연령에 따른 현재 착용하고 있는 콘택트렌즈 착용률은 10대 40.9%, 20대 52.3%, 30대 5.5%, 40대 1.3%로 조사되었으며, 콘택트렌즈의 종류는 소프트콘택트렌즈의 경우 10대의 착용률은 82.5%, 20대 83.1%, 30대 38.5%이었으며, 하드 콘택트렌즈 착용률은 10대 17.5%, 20대 16.9%, 30대 61.5%로 조사되었다. 콘택트렌즈 착용목적은 전체 조사자의 40.5%는 안경이 불편해서, 32.1%는 미용목적으로 9.7%는 스포츠를 목적으로 17.7%는 시력교정목적으로 착용한 것으로 조사되었으며, 렌즈관리 시스템의 경우 전체 조사자의 16.5%는 매일세척을 하였으며, 29.1%는 매일 세척과 단백질 제거를 한 것으로 조사되었고, 21.9%는 매일세척과 다목적용액을 사용하였으며, 32.5%는 매일세척과 단백질제거 그리고 다목적용액을 사용한 것으로 조사되었다. 렌즈 착용시간은 10시간 이내가 31.6%, 11~13시간 미만의 경우가 41.3%, 14시간이상은 27%로 조사되었다. 콘택트렌즈 보관방법에서 62%는 보존액, 38%는 식염수를 사용하였다. 콘택트렌즈 교체 이유는 렌즈분실 35%, 렌즈손상 37.6% 이물질 침착 21.9%, 5.5%는 렌즈수명의 이유로 렌즈를 교체하였다. 현재 사용 중인 콘택트렌즈의 주요 자각증상은 급성 충혈의 자각증상 21%, 이물감 20.8%, 통증 19.6%, 건조감 9.4%, 흐린 시야 5.5%, 시야감소 3.8%, 유루 3.7%, 삼출물 2.8%, 가려움 2.6%, 자각증상이 없는 착용자는 10.2%로 조사되었다. 콘택트렌즈 사용자의 렌즈관리 교육에 대한 만족도에서 51%는 만족하였으나 28.7%는 불만족을 나타냈다. 착용자의 정기검사에서 81.1%는 정기검사를 하지 않았으며, 18.1%는 정기검사를 하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다.