• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.167-174
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examinethe present illumination conditions in office environment and to suggest an efficient illumination plan in office planning process. Illumination conditions in work environment were surveyed in 6 offices to investigate whether the present illumination conditions were appropriate to the work type. The results of this study are as follows: Most of the general Illuminance level in the area of work were all at an adequate level, except one. The average Illuminance level in the all meeting rooms were met for the standard. Illuminance in the all reception area were extremely over the standard, The illuminations of this area were rather designed according to the image of the company than the standard. As for the illumination method in the area of general work, four offices used a general lighting by a direct lighting type, while two offices used a general lighting and a task lighting at the same time. This survey suggested that first, each company should consider illumination plan in the building planning process, second, illumination plan considering the type of places is needed, and third, illumination environment may be differentiated according to the work type. In conclusion, efficient illumination environment should be considered in office building planning process, especially In terms of illumination materials and methods.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.132-138
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• 2023

Purpose: This study compared the effects of the elastic resistance and general training for college Taekwondo athletes, and investigated the biomechanical ability and lower extremity function according to the movement speed of the knee joint. Methods: Twenty university student Taekwondo athletes participated voluntarily in this study. The subjects performed general resistance training for four weeks, followed by elastic resistance training for another four weeks. The biomechanical parameters during the fast and slow isokinetic conditions, Y-balance ability, and vertical jump ability were measured three times: before training, after general resistance training, and after elastic resistance training. Statistical analysis was performed under isokinetic conditions and the intervention effect. Results: The biomechanical ability differed significantly between fast and slow isokinetic conditions (p<0.05). An analysis of the training method revealed a significant difference in the maximum knee extension speed and the posterior-lateral direction of the Y-balance test (p<0.05). Conclusion: Elastic resistance training had a more positive effect on the functional task performance than biomechanical factors related to muscular strength compared to general resistance training. In addition, speed-related knee biomechanical information of subjects with strong physical abilities could be utilized in sports physiotherapy.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.655-670
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• 2018

A coupled method, that combines the Ritz method and the finite element (FE) method, is proposed to solve the vibration problem of rectangular thin and thick plates with general boundary conditions. The eigenvalue partial differential equation(s) of the plate is (are) first reduced to a set of eigenvalue ordinary differential equations by the application of the Ritz method. The resulting eigenvalue differential equations are then reduced to an eigenvalue algebraic equation system using the finite element method. The natural boundary conditions of the plate problem including the free edge and free corner boundary conditions are also implemented in a simple and accurate manner. Various boundary conditions including simply supported, clamped and free boundary conditions are considered. Comparisons with existing numerical and analytical solutions show that the proposed mixed method can produce highly accurate results for the problems considered using a small number of Ritz terms and finite elements. The proposed mixed Ritz-FE formulation is also compared with the mixed FE-Ritz formulation which has been recently proposed by the present author and his co-author. It is found that the proposed mixed Ritz-FE formulation is more efficient than the mixed FE-Ritz formulation for free vibration analysis of rectangular plates with Levy-type boundary conditions.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.426-435
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• 2012

The variation of stream flow is the one of the most important factors which influence on that of water quality in the unit watershed. The target water quality goal is established and permissible load is allotted in the base of the standard flow condition along with its water quality for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). A standard flow selected could cause problems in the load allotment if it was not properly arranged. This study reviewed the acquisition of water quality data, the self-variation and the retainability in water quality on the specific flow conditions. This study also proposed the median and the adjusted average flow condition out of general flow conditions as alternative standard flow conditions. It is considered that the alternatives can make the water quality data easily acquired and the water quality representativeness more enhanced on the standard flow conditions.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.750-763
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• 2000

This study is based on grounded theory methodology by Strauss & Corbin(1998). Ten hospitalized subjects were interviewed for data collection. In the process of data analysis, 'acceptance' is found to be the causal condition, while 'health professionals' skillfulness', 'ward environment', 'history of hospitalization', and 'general conditions' were identified as context, 'felling of relief' as the core phenomenon, 'self-efficacy', 'support of others', and 'life style' as the intermediate situation, 'passive reaction', 'alternative reaction' and 'active reaction' as the strategy and 'stabilization', 'satisfaction', 'hope' and 'carrying out' as consequences. 'Feeling of relief' is found to go through the three stages of recognition-generation-maintenance after the five different patterns. 1) In case the health professionals are skillful, the ward environment is favorable, the general conditions of the patients improved and as a result the feeling of relief is strong, during the first hospitalization, the self-efficacy of the subjects tends to be strong. They proceed toward the goal set for themselves with a renewed hope and active or alternative reaction toward the feeling of relief. 2) The subjects tend to proceed toward the goal set for themselves with a renewed hope and active and alternative reaction toward the feeling of relief in case health professionals are skillful, the ward environment is favorable the general conditions of the subjects improved, self-efficacy is strong, and lifestyle is autonomous, during the second hospitalization even though support of others is merely superficial. 3) The subjects tend to stabilize, and satisfy themselves with the given situation with passive and alternative reaction to the feeling of relief in case health professionals are skillful and the ward environment is favorable but the general conditions worsened and accordingly the feeling of relief, is weak and life style is dependent during the second hospitalization although the subjects' self-efficacy is strong and support of others is specific. 4) The subjects tend to stabilize and satisfy themselves with the given situation with passive and alternative reaction to the feeling of relief in case health professionals are unskillful the ward environment is unfavorable, the general conditions improved, support of others is specific but life style is dependent and self-efficacy is weak during the first hospitalization. 5) The subjects tend to stabilize and satisfy themselves with the given situation in case health professionals are unskillful the ward environment is unfavorable but the general conditions improved support of others is specific and as a result self-efficacy is strong but life style is dependent.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.66-79
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• 1992

The code of the International Classification of Disease(ICD) is seriously questioned on its effectiveness in identifing an independent disease entity from similar conditions at general practitioner's offices. This study has attempted to show individual coding variations in ICD for similar ambulatory care conditions. It has been assumed that a following outpatient visit is regarded as the sane kind of visit owing to the same disease if a visit to the different source of care would be mad within an interval of less than two days. The 'D' health insurance association was selected for this analysis. The 'D' association had 153,298 members and made claims of 642,605 outpatient care in 1990. Out of the total outpatient claims, 8.6%(55,102 claims) were counted as the same disease which could meet the above assumption. Percent of conditions classified as the 10 leading causes of frequent visits which were matched accurately to the subsequent ICD diagnostic code found to be 15.8% on the average. The URI was noted for the highest concurrence rate of 20.4%. This proportion was even decreased to 11.6% on the case of chronic disease. Despite the fact that the assumption underlying the definition of the above same disease is rather rough and inappropriate, this study reveals that the code of ICD currently in use has weaknesses in seperating a certain independent disease from similar conditions at the outpatient setting. Thus, efforts need to be elaborated to meet the need of a new system of classification for conditions and diseases encountering at ambulatory care.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.147-162
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• 2017

In this research works, we consider the general regularized penalty method for non-stationary set valued equilibrium problem in a Banach space. We define weak coercivity conditions and show that the weak and strong convergence problems of the regularized penalty method.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1039-1048
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• 2018

In this paper we study the dynamics of a general ${\omega}-periodic$ model. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the global stability of zero steady state of the model are given. The conditions under which there exists a unique periodic solutions to the model are determined. We also show that the unique periodic solution is the global attractor of all other positive solutions. Some applications to mathematical models for cancer and tumor growth are given.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2018

In this paper a general fixed point theorem for two pairs of mappings involving altering distance is proved. This theorem generalizes Theorem 9 [5], Theorems 1, 2, 3 [6], Theorems 2.3, 2.4 [7] and other results from [11]. As applications, some results for mappings satisfying contractive conditions of integral type and ${\phi}$-contractive conditions are obtained.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 2005

A ward is a place where the patients are living and staying for 80% of the all those days in the hospital. So the Ward's conditions are very important to them. We group a ward's conditions in two classes, one in the physical condition ; area, noise, temperature etc. and the others is the physical condition ; privacy, field. According to the analysis, the patients had beed under a mental stress and they did negative action, by the ward's environmental conditions. This study find influence of the ward's environmental conditions with violate each patients privacy using multi-bedroom's restroom. So we suggest that the ideal multi-bedroom's restroom, solve the they got the problems.