• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to suggest an improved method of how to apply and operate an average floor height system to rebuilt or redeveloped apartment buildings in general residential areas of Seoul. This research suggested two research findings by a computer simulation study for analyzing the difference between the average floor height of apartment buildings in experimental sites and the average of floors of buildings near experimental sites. The first finding is that an average floor height system should be applied to apartment buildings with a limitation of maximum height at sites larger than $12,000m^2$ in order to control the difference of the maximum height of buildings between apartment sites and their surroundings. The second finding is that the average floor height system should be operated by an appropriate average floor height ratio at sites greater than $50,000m^2$ in order to harmonize rebuilt or redeveloped apartment buildings with their surroundings.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.357-372
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 서브시퀀스 매칭에서 윈도우 구성의 일반화 개념을 제안하고, 이에 기반한 새로운 서브시퀀스 매칭 방법인 GeneralMatch를 제안한다. 기존 연구인 Faloutsos 등의 방법 (간단히 FRM이라 한다)은 점 여과 효과의 결여로 인해 많은 착오해답을 발생시켰다. 본 저자들의 DualMatch는 점 여과 효과를 발휘하여 성능을 크게 향상시켰으나, 주어진 최소 질의 시퀀스 길이에 대해 최대 윈도우 크기가 작은(FRM의 1/2) 문제가 있었다. GeneralMatch는 DualMatch를 더욱 개선한 방법으로서, 두 방법의 장점을 모두 취한다. 즉, FRM과 같이 큰 윈우를 사용할 수 있으며, 동시에 DualMatch와 같이 점 여과 효과를 발휘할 수 있다. GeneralMatch는 데이터 시퀀스를 J-슬라이딩 윈도우(일반화된 슬라이딩 윈도우)로 나누고, 질의 시퀀스를 J-디스조인트 윈도우(일반화된 디스조인트 윈도우)로 나누는 방법을 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 GerneralMatch의 정확성, 즉 GeneralMatch가 착오기각이 발생하지 않음을 증명한다. 또한, 주어진 최소 질의 시퀀스 길이에 대해 GeneralMatch가 바르게 동작하기 위한 최대 윈도우 크기가 있음을 증명한다. 그리고, 페이지 액세스 횟수를 최소로 하는 J 값의 결정 방법을 제안하다. 실제 주식 데이터에 대한 실험 결과, GeneralMatch는 낮은 선택률 범위($10^{-6}~10^{-4}$)에서 DualMatch에 비해 평균 114%, FRM에 비해 998% 성능을 향상시켰으며, 높은 선택률 범위($10^{-6}~10^{-4}$)에서도 DualMatch에 비해 평균 46%, FRM에 비해 평균 65% 성능을 향상시켰다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.450-461
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• 2019

According to the results of the management evaluation of the nation's public firms over the past seven years, the rating of the port corporation is generally insufficient. According to the results of the seven-year study 2011-2017, the average debt ratio of the port corporation was 34.5%, two to three times lower than that of the general public company, the operating profit ratio of sales was three times higher, and the value added per person was 1.6-1.9 times better. However, the aggregate score and grade were generally low, with 4.1% of the total number of employees of the general public corporation, 10% of the average total assets, and 1% of the average sales volume. The distributed analysis results and panel return analysis results show that the size significantly impacts the overall score and grade. Additionally, major business standards such as port volume, not controlled by the port corporation, appear to have a decisive influence on the low grade of the port corporation. Thus, it appears that improvement and supplementation of key business indicators of port construction are urgently needed in the management evaluation system, which can be properly controlled.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1978

This Study was conducted, during the period of 8-16th, August in 1977 and 27th, January through 2, Feburury in 1978, to measure laking off and on time for patient's clothes at the radiologic department in general hospitals. The study dealt with three general hospitals which were classified into groups by ownerships; two university hospitals, one private hospitals. The scope of the study was limited to measurement's of taking off and on time except taking a radiograph. The results were summarized as follows: [1] In Summer, the average taking off ana on tine for male was 3 minutes and 7 seconds and 3 minutes and 43 seconds for female. The latter was longer than that for the former. [2] In Winter, the mean taking off and on time for male was 3 minutes 42 seconds, 4 minutes 17 seconds for female. [3] In this respect, the average taking off and on time for female was longer than that for male and that for winter was expended that for summer. [4] In Summer, regardless of age group and sex, the average taking off and on time for taking a radiograph was 3 minutes 25 seconds, and 3 minuteds 59 seconds in Winter. [5] Regardless of season, sen, and age, the mean time expended to take off and on for taking a radiograph was 3 minutes 43 seconds.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.82-91
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify health promoting behavior and life satisfaction in rural elderly people. Method: The data were collected from October 1st 2002 to October 31th, 2003. The participants were 142 elderly people living in Hong Cheon, Korea. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the SPSS program. Result: The average score for the health promoting behavior was 2.64 (${\pm}0.34$), with a minimum of 1.48 and maximum of 3.80. The average scores for each subscale were, nutrition, 2.98, interpersonal support, 2.78, health responsibility, 2.67, self-actualization, 2.66, stress management, 2.58, and exercise, 1.93. Signifiant differences in health promoting behavior were found according to the following general characteristics: education level, religion, senior citizens center usage and allowance. The average score for life satisfaction was 2.68 (${\pm}0.42$), with a minimum of 1.38 and a maximum of 3.85. Senior citizens center usage was the only general characteristics that showed a significant difference for life satisfaction. There was a significant positive correlation between health promoting behavior and life satisfaction (r= 0.5783, p=0.001). Self-actualization and stress management had statistically significant casual effects on life satisfaction ($R^2$=0.3961). Conclusion: Effective methods to enhance life satisfaction of rural elderly should emphasize self-actualization and stress management.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1990

To study on the water quality of domestic purifier, twenty four samples of clean water by purifier and the raw water(tap water) were tested for biological and physico-chemical examination and were checked for style of purification and the period elapsed after changing of purification medium. The results were as follows; Biological and physico-chemical findings of raw water were not exceeded standard values. Average number of general bacteria,2.coli and pH in clean water were significantly higher than that of raw water(respectively, p<0.01), but mean contents of turbidity, chloride, nitrate and iron in clean water were significantly lower than that of raw water(respectively, p<0.01). In general count of bacteria and E.coli, a half of the clean water of ceramic filter and roverse osmosis style were exceeded standard values for drinking water. All of the pH of the ion exchange style clean water were exceeded standard values. But other findings were within standard values. In average bacterial counts and physico-chemical findings of clean water by purification style of purifier, clean water of ion exchange style purifier were lowest number of general bacteria and not detected in 2. coli. But other items were highest. The longer period elapsed after changing of purification medium were the higher contents of biological and physico-chemical findings of clean water.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2012

In order to survey the conditions of bycatch and discards for a gape net, a series of filed surveys was carried out total 10 surveys on two gape nets operated in the coastal area of Jindo during July to November 2008. The all catches in each survey were measured the body length, weight after sorted species. The analysis of catch data was conducted to separate 'first operation' and 'general operation'. In this study, the first operation defined as hauling the fishing gears that soaked over 10 hours because of setting on the previous day. The general operation means the haul of fishing gears conducted at intervals of one of or two hours after first operation. The bycatch in this study is defined as the other species except for anchovy, and bycatch rate refers to the proportion of bycatch to total catch. From the survey results, the average bycatch rates on first operations were 50% and 51% for Masa-ri and Supum-ri areas in Jindo, respectively. Also, the average bycatch rates on general operation were 2% and 3% for Masa-ri and Supum-ri areas in Jindo, respectively. The proportion of anchovy to total catch caught represented 75.5%. It needs the research on the selective fishing technology to reduce the bycatch on the gape net fishery.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2015

Purpose: In this study self-efficacy, emotional labor, pediatric nurse-parent partnership and job stress of pediatric nurses were examined. Factors affecting job stress of pediatric nurses were also investigated. Methods: The study was done between June and September 2014, with a convenience sample of 145 nurses from 3 advanced general hospitals, 5 general hospitals and 2 children's hospitals. Research data were collected via questionnaires and analysed using SPSS version 18.0. Results: Average levels of self-efficacy, emotional labor and job stress were similar to other general nurses and the average level of pediatric nurse-parent partnership was also similar to other pediatric nurses. Job stress of pediatric nurses showed a positive correlation with emotional labor and negative correlations with self-efficacy and pediatric nurse-parent partnership. The most significant factor affecting job stress in pediatric nurses was emotional labor (${\beta}=0.372$, p<.001). The combination of emotional labor, pediatric nurse-parent partnership and self-efficacy accounted for 25.4% of job stress in pediatric nurses. Conclusion: These results suggest that nursing management strategies to decrease emotional labor and improve pediatric nurse-parent partnerships and self-efficacy are critical to decrease job stress for pediatric nurses. Continued development of nursing management interventions to decrease job stress in pediatric nurses is suggested.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose was to compare operating room (OR) nurses and general ward nurses on their communication competence and interpersonal relationship ability within the medical team. Methods: Participants were 276 nurses (OR 122, ward 154) working in one of 4 university hospitals located in I and K areas. Data were collected using a questionnaire and data collection was done in June, 2013. Comparisons between OR nurses and general ward nurses on communication competence and interpersonal relationship ability were analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in communication competence (F=11.96, p=.001) with average score for OR nurses at 3.37 points and ward nurses at 3.53 points. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in interpersonal relationship ability (F=15.51, p<.001) with the average score for OR nurses at 3.30 points and ward nurses at 3.50 points. Conclusion: The results indicate a need to develop a variety of programs to promote communication competence in OR nurses and to enhance the openness of interpersonal relationship ability in human resource management.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.345-357
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• 1990

Accumulated data on medical care utilization among the insured in Korea Medical Insurance Corporation can explain the health status of the population. The purpose of this study was to analyze a change of the disease-mix and utilization pattern by controlling the size of the population enrollment. Major findings of the study are as follows : 1. The changes of inpatient disease-mix a. Utilization rate was 139.2% in 1988 against 1980. b. Disease groups higher than the average utilization rate included neoplasms, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, mental disorders etc. Meanwhile, disease groups seen less often were infections and parasistic diseases, diseases of blood and bloodforming, diseases of the digestive system etc. c. Utilization rate was up 106.3% in 1988 compared to 1985, and diseases above that average level were ill-defined intestinal infections, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, essential hypertension, etc. d. The disease-mix by institution in 1988 compared to 1985 shows that chronic disorders rank high in general hospitals whereas opthalmologic, obstetric, and orthopedic diseases rank high in private clinics. 2. The changes of outpatient disease-mix a. Utilization rate was up 175.2% in 1988 compared to 1980. b. Disease groups higher than the average utilization rate included neoplasms, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders, mental disorders etc. And disease groups seen less often were infections and parasistic diseases, diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the genitourinary system. etc. c. Utilization rate was up 104.0% in 1988 compared to 1985, and diseases above that average level were gastric ulcer, diseases of hard tissues of teeth, etc. And diseases seen below that average level were acute nasopharyngitis(common cold). acute upper respiratory infections of multiple or unspecified sites, etc. It was concluded that medical care utilization level was increased, and that, from 1980 to 1988, disease-mix shifted to the chronic disorders. Chronic disorders accounted for more medical care utilization in general hospitals.