• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.59-72
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• 2001

This study investigated the effects of factors on the academic achievement in the 'Food and Nutrition' units in the Practical Arts : factors such as gender. family and home environment. and participation in. interest in attitude toward. and encouragement by mother in meal management. The factors were surveyed for 453 grade four elementary students (226 boys and 227 girls) and their mothers in Busan. The extent of participation in meal management. of interest. of attitude. and of the mother's encouragement was broken into three groups. Upon completing the 'Table Setting with Fruits'unit. the students'academic achievements were evaluated and compared according to these factors. The results were as follows : 1. The girls participated in meal management more frequently than the boys. Most of the children exhibited a high interest. the girls showing a higher interest than the boys. Both sexes showed a positive attitude toward meal management. Mothers encouraged girls more often than boys to manage meals at home. 2. The academic achievement of the girls was higher than that of the boys. Children living in apartments and more affluent environments scored higher than those who were less well off and living in independent households. 3. Those who frequently participated in meal management. exhibited a high interest. and showed a positive attitude towards it. achieved higher scores than those who showed a lower interest. less positive attitude. and only occasionally participated in it. 4. Those who were encouraged frequently to manage meals by their mother showed a tendency to score higher than those who wee encouraged only occasionally. In conclusion. academic achievement in the 'Food and Nutrition'units in Practical Arts was affected by gender. domestic economy. type of residence. participation in meal management in the home. interest in it. attitude toward it. and encouragement in participation by the other. Thus academic achievement in food. nutrition. and meal management is dependent upon both the school and home environments. Children would learn more in the 'Food and Nutrition'units when their parents set a positive and encouraging environment in the home.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.447-461
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• 2020

This study explores how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed family life and relationships as well as how these changes affect perceived stress among married men and women. This study investigated changes in family time use, household work, child care, leisure activities, income and expenditures along with relationships between spouses and children using a sample of 627 married persons surveyed online from May 19 to 25, 2020. The results showed that the amount of time spent on household work, child care, and family leisure have increased and that the perceived burden of household work and child care has also increased. Gender differences were found in time use, household work, and child care. Leisure activities have changed toward more time watching TV or online media and playing online games and less time on outdoor activities, shopping, and meeting friends. About 38% of respondents reported a reduction in household income and 22% reported an increase in household debt. The majority experienced no change in the quality of relationships with spouses and children, approximately 20% of the sample reported a positive change in relationships with spouses and children. The findings of multivariate regression indicated that change in work time, negative change in household economy, negative change in household work and negative change in relationships with spouses were associated with marital stress. However, this study found that negative changes in child care and in relationships with children did not affect stress among married parents with children in elementary or secondary school.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.49
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• pp.225-263
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• 2002

This study examined reasons for marital satisfaction among men and women, and explored how sources of marital satisfaction varied with gender. Data were drawn from a sell-administered questionnaire study in which 173 married people residing in Seoul participated. Although the majority of both men and women in this study were at least somewhat satisfied with their marital life, men were, on average, more satisfied with their marriage than were women. Content analysis of reasons for marital satisfaction, obtained through an open-ended question, revealed that both men and women mentioned most frequently as their sources of marital satisfaction in this order: spouse, family, and children. However, while a large proportion of men's reasons for satisfaction concerned spouse, particularly affective relationship with their spouses, women's reasons indicated more diverse sources of marital satisfaction, including spouse, family, children, stability of living and of economy. Analysis of specific reasons for satisfaction in each source revealed that marital satisfaction was intimately connected with one's experience of happiness, love, stability, harmony, and peace, and that respondents experienced such positive emotions, leading to marital satisfaction, not only through relationship with their spouses, but also through other sources, such as children, family members, and respondents themselves. Moreover, good personality and health of spouse, family members, and children were frequently cited as reasons for marital satisfaction, and these reasons were more common among women's responses. Based on these results, both universal and cultural characteristics of marital satisfaction were considered, and gender differences in satisfaction with marital life were discussed. Finally, implications for clinical social work practice from this study were provided.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.65-71
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• 2011

There is a growing concerns for startups and management issues in the small business sector. In the Korean unique condition, female-owned small business seemed to play a crucial role in stimulating domestic demands and replacements for workforce reductions in the time of reduced birth rates and export-driven economy. Despite importance of female-owned small businesses, domestic statistics about female small businesses are not well recognized and defined. To design the current entrepreneurship training programs for female entrepreneurs more female-friendly, we need to improve overall environments surrounding training systems. We can classify the environmental improvement for women-friendly entrepreneurship training into three types as follows: First, it is needed to conduct regular surveys on difficulties female entrepreneurs may have. To develop a program for women-friendly entrepreneurship training, extensive and thorough survey is required for entrepreneurship training goals. To design women-friendly entrepreneurship training for women entrepreneurs henceforth, preliminary surveys should be carried out to detect problems within the course of the program and women's expectation regarding entrepreneurship training. Second environmental improvement is to overcome the lack of information on entrepreneurship training for women. Difficulties that women entrepreneurs experience are different from their counterparts, male. Last is about overcoming the lack of follow-up management after opening a business. To surmount the issue, we need to organize a management improvement consulting systems focused on female entrepreneurs. Establishing networks connecting female businesses should be the most urgent measure. With this regard, if follow-up services for female entrepreneurs are provided for at least three years from the time a business is opened, it may produce even more desirable results.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.155-168
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• 2022

Purpose - Although the government and civic groups do not always confront each other over the Me Too movement, the two stakeholders are often conflicted. For example, the two interested parties may have different positions in the gender conflict and be often hostile due to debates over how to institutionalize and distinguish actual harm from innocence. In this situation, the strategies of the two stakeholders for their own ends are inevitably interdependent. This paper is a study on the strategic reciprocity of interested parties in relation to the Me Too Movement, which has recently raised a new discourses in our society. Design/methodology/approach - We derive equilibrium of the reciprocity between civic groups(collectively referred to as the Me Too Movement Headquarters) leading the Me Too Movement and government that must preemptively respond to new social issues, and analyze how changes in some external conditions affect the reactions of the two stakeholders. For this purpose we rely on economic methodology. Findings - In the reciprocity between the two forces, we derive an equilibrium composed of the pair of the government's optimal response level and the civic group's optimal strategy, and further derive the comparative static results according to changes in external conditions. Analysis results are mixed with intuitive results and non-intuitive ones. However, even if the result is not intuitive, rational reasoning is possible as long as it is derived through a rigorous model, and it has several implications. Research implications or Originality - Although this study is a positive approach, it is meaningful as a starting point to explore practical discussion directions and alternatives by adding another new perspective and approach to research in other social science fields with many normative studies.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.141-154
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• 2015

The world has been demanding a green growing world in order to solve serious environmental pollution and resource depletion. This study aims to identify life style factors that drive eco-friendly clothing practices and efficacy in middle school students. Data was collected from 215 middle school students in Daegu, using a self-administered questionnaire in December 2013. Statistical analyses to determine frequency, average, ANOVA, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were performed using SPSS 21 program. The results of factor analysis indicated that eco-friendly clothing practices were classified into purchasing and management, reuse, washing, and recycle, and eco-friendly clothing practices efficacy was sub-grouped into practice confidence, purchasing and management efficacy, and washing and sharing efficacy, and life style consisted of fashion pursuit, environment pursuit, planned purchasing, and economy. Eco-friendly clothing practices and efficacy were significant differences in sex and grade (p<0.05). Eco-friendly clothing practices were significantly affected by the factors of environment pursuit, planned purchasing, economy of life style, and the factors of practice confidence, purchasing and management efficacy, and washing and sharing efficacy of eco-friendly clothing practices efficacy (p<0.05). The planned purchasing factor of life style significantly affected all the factors of eco-friendly clothing practices efficacy. This study suggests that eco-friendly clothing practices education program could account for the life style factors such as fashion pursuit, environment pursuit, planned purchasing, and economy with gender and grade to be effective for middle school students.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-30
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• 2022

This study is to investigate consumers' acceptance and their willingness to pay for clothes made of materials with low microplastic emissions as an alternative to synthetic fibers made of plastics by applying the contingent valuation method. A nationwide web-based survey was conducted for 1,052 respondents proportional to region, age, and gender during February 2021. More than 75% of the sample expressed intentions to purchase microplastic emission-reducing clothing instead of synthetic fiber clothing, and more than 80% of them have stated their willingness to pay for additional prices. A variation of Heckman's sample selection model was adopted to estimate factors affecting respondents' intentions to pay for additional prices, in which the probit model of intentions to purchase the clothing with alternative materials was used as a sample selection equation. While respondents were sensitive to the amounts of price increases suggested in the CV scenario, they expressed high acceptance and preferences for eco-friendly materials regardless of the microplastic emission-reducing levels. Consumers in the circular economy were willing to pay for the range of 41,000 to 51,000 won for a pair of clothing made with microplastic emission-reducing materials. In addition, as the microplastic emission-reducing rate has increased from 50% to 80%, the willingness to pay estimates were also significantly increased, ranging from 41,000~50,500 to 42,000~51,700 won.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-29
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• 2017

This study compares and analyzes precarious labor market in Korea and Japan in terms of gender and occupational class. Previous studies have analyzed precarious labor limited to the level of employment type such as non-standard workers. This study reconceptualizes precarious labor in terms of the combination of employment relations and income level. In addition. we analyzed whether there are differences in the characteristics of precarious labor between Korea and Japan. In order to analyze the labor market precariousness in Korea. we used data from the 17th Korea Labor Panel Survey (2014) and for Japan. we used the 9th (2012) data from the Keio Household Panel Survey. As a result. we could confirm the feminization of labor market precariousness and horizontal division by occupation in both Korea and Japan. Also. ordered logistic regression analysis showed that the more women. and those in their 60s or older. the less skilled service workers. or the manufacturing workers are likely to face labor market instability in both Korea and Japan. The results of this analysis reflect the fact that Korea and Japan have experienced similar changes in the labor market structure with institutionalized employment protection system based on male workers.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.75-94
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• 1999

This study explored the understanding of health of people from Korea. Data were collected from a total of eighteen focus groups: Koreans (living in Korea), Korean-Australians, Korean-Americans and Australians. The data were analysed using QSR NUD＊IST. The meaning of health varied among people and it was related to differences in age, culture, gender, marital status and perceived health status of individuals. However, there were several themes common to everybody. All groups included aspects of physical, mental, emotional (and spiritual), environmental and social dimensions in their definitions of health. All young single groups placed more emphasis on physical and lifestyle factors whereas mental and emotional aspects and social responsibility were more associated with health among older married groups. Young women in all cultures felt social pressure to 'look good' and the media was perceived as responsible. Men in general associated health with societal roles and social competition. Health was strongly associated with the economy and economic stability for all Korean groups reflecting the recent adverse economic situation in Korea. This information will be of value to health professionals to provide more effective health services and health promotion programs for clients of Korean ethnicity living in multicultural societies like Australia and America.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.810-826
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• 2013

The purposes of this study were to analyze the effects of the experience realms (entertainment, educational, escapist, and esthetic) of augmented fashion reality applications on consumers' pleasure, satisfaction, intention of reuse, and purchase intention. This study is based on the survey subjecting those who have an iPhone. A total of 207 questionnaires were processed in analysis. Descriptive analysis, frequency analysis, reliability analysis and regression analysis were conducted using SPSS ver. 18.0. The results are as follows. First, entertainment and esthetic experience positively influenced consumers' pleasure. Second, entertainment, educational and esthetic experience positively influenced satisfaction. Third, pleasure positively affected satisfaction. Forth, both pleasure and satisfaction positively influenced intention of reuse and purchase intention. Fifth, there were significant differences in the effects of the experience realms of augmented fashion reality applications on pleasure, satisfaction, intention of reuse, and purchase intention by gender. In conclusion, pleasure and satisfaction that influence reuse intention and purchase intention were influenced by the experience realms. When consumers feel satisfaction and pleasure in experience realms of augmented fashion reality applications, they are more likely to reuse of an augmented reality fashion application, and to purchase the products consumers were implementing an augmented reality fashion application for.