• Title/Summary/Keyword: Gas insulation line

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A Mitigation Methode of DC Stray Current for Underground Metallic Structures in KOREA (국가 기간 시설물의 전식 대책(안))

  • Bae, Jeong-Hyo;Ha, Yoon-Cheol;Ha, Tae-Hyun;Lee, Hyun-Goo;Kim, Dae-Kyeong
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2007.07a
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    • pp.1609-1611
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    • 2007
  • The owner of underground metallic structures (gas pipeline, oil pipeline, water pipeline, etc) has a burden of responsibility for the corrosion protection in order to prevent big accidents like gas explosion, soil pollution, leakage and so on. So far, Cathodic Protection(CP) technology have been implemented for protection of underground systems. The stray current from DC subway system in Korea has affected the cathodic protection (CP) system of the buried pipelines adjacent to the railroads. In this aspect, KERI has developed a various mitigation method, drainage system through steel bar under the rail, a stray current gathering mesh system, insulation method between yard and main line, distributed ICCP(Impressed Current Cathodic System), High speed response rectifier, restrictive drainage system, Boding ICCP system. In this paper, the mechanism of mitigation method of DC stray current for underground metallic structures is described.

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A Case Study(1) of Mitigation Methode of DC Stray Current for Underground Metallic Structures in KOREA (국가기간시설물의 전식대책(안) 및 그 적용 사례(1))

  • Bae, Jeong-Hyo;Ha, Yoon-Cheol;Ha, Tae-Hyun;Lee, Hyun-Goo;Kim, Dae-Kyeong
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2007.07a
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    • pp.1612-1614
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    • 2007
  • The owner of underground metallic structures (gas pipeline, oil pipeline, water pipeline, etc) has a burden of responsibility for the corrosion protection in order to prevent big accidents like gas explosion, soil pollution, leakage and so on. So far, Cathodic Protection(CP) technology have been implemented for protection of underground systems. The stray current from DC subway system in Korea has affected the cathodic protection (CP) design of the buried pipelines adjacent to the railroads. In this aspect, KERI has developed a various mitigation method, drainage system through steel bar under the rail, a stray current gathering mesh system, insulation method between yard and main line, distributed ICCP(Impressed Current Cathodic System), High speed response rectifier, restrictive drainage system. We installed the mitigation system at the real field and test of its efficiency in Busan and Seoul, Korea. In this paper, the results of field test, especially, distributed ICCP system is described.

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Evaluation of Insulation Deterioration for the Development of SVM Algorithm to Diagnose OF Cable (OF 케이블 진단용 SVM 알고리즘 개발을 위한 절연열화 평가)

  • Kwak, Byeong Sub;Jun, Tae-Hyun;Kim, Ah-Reum;Park, Hyun-joo
    • KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.263-273
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    • 2019
  • South Korea's OF cable is reaching its expected design life of 30 years, and as a result, the risk of failure is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose the long-term operating OF cables through accurate diagnosis at the right time to prevent the failure. Currently, the KEPCO periodically conducts DGA. However, the gas found in DGA is caused by oil deterioration as well as insulation paper. Therefore, the analysis of the degree of polymerization and furan compounds which is an evaluation of insulation paper considered to be the life of OF cables is required. In addition, the results of the evaluation of deterioration of insulation paper need to be checked for correlation with the results of DGA. In this study, DGA carried out through GC, the degree of polymerization was analyzed using an automatic viscometer, and HPLC was used to detect the furan compounds. In addition, the obtained results were applied to the SVM technique, which was recently introduced to determine abnormalities in OF cable. And the results which were accurate and reliable were obtained.

Research on Liquefaction Characteristics of SF6 Substitute Gases

  • Yuan, Zhikang;Tu, Youping;Wang, Cong;Qin, Sichen;Chen, Geng
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.2545-2552
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    • 2018
  • $SF_6$ has been widely used in high voltage power equipment, such as gas insulated switchgear (GIS) and gas insulated transmission line (GIL), because of its excellent insulation and arc extinguishing performance. However, $SF_6$ faces two environmental problems: greenhouse effect and high liquefaction temperature. Therefore, to find the $SF_6$ substitute gases has become a research hotspot in recent years. In this paper, the liquefaction characteristics of $SF_6$ substitute gases were studied. Peng-Robinson equation of state with the van der Waals mixing rule (PR-vdW model) was used to calculate the dew point temperature of the binary gas mixtures, with $SF_6$, $C_3F_8$, $c-C_4F_8$, $CF_3I$ or $C_4F_7N$ as the insulating gas and $N_2$ or $CO_2$ as the buffer gas. The sequence of the dew point temperatures of the binary gas mixtures under the same pressure and composition ratio was obtained. $SF_6/N_2$ < $SF_6/CO_2$ < $C_3F_8/N_2$ < $C_3F_8/CO_2$ < $CF_3I/N_2$ < $CF_3I/CO_2$ < $c-C_4F_8/N_2$ < $C_4F_7N/N_2$ < $c-C_4F_8/CO_2$ < $C_4F_7N/CO_2$. $SF_6/N_2$ gas mixture showed the best temperature adaptability and $C_4F_7N/CO_2$ gas mixture showed the worst temperature adaptability. Furthermore, the dew point temperatures of the $SF_6$ substitute gases at different pressures and the upper limits of the insulating gas mole fraction at $-30^{\circ}C$, $-20^{\circ}C$ and $-10^{\circ}C$ were obtained. The results would supply sufficient data support for GIS/GIL operators and researchers.

Analysis of the Ultrasonic Signals by the Partial Discharge and Noises from the Transformer (변압기 부분방전과 노이즈에 의한 초음파 신호 분석)

  • Gwon, Dong-Jin;Jeong, Gil-Jo;Jin, Sang-Beom;Gwak, Hui-Ro
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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    • v.51 no.8
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    • pp.354-360
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    • 2002
  • The partial discharge detecting method using the ultrasonic technique has been investigated to monitor the insulation ageing of a transformer. However, the result of the studies on the ultrasonic technique for detecting of partial discharge in the operating transformer is not enough yet to utilize. This paper presents the analysis of the ultrasonic signals due to the partial discharge in a model transformer and the corona in air at a shielded high voltage room. In addition, the ultrasonic signals due to the vibration from the core, operation of the cooling pump, the fan and the OLTC at the 345㎸ power transformer, were analyzed and corona noise from overhead transmission line in 345㎸ substation were measured to remove the electrical and mechanical noises from the transformer. Furthermore, ultrasonic signal due to the partial discharge in the 154㎸ power transformer with in $C_2$$H_2$ gas warning condition was measured. The inside of the transformer was examined with care. which confirms the existence of the partial discharge source.

A Study on the Electrical Propertis of Optical Potential Transformer for GIS (GIS용 광PT의 전기적 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Su-Woong;Lee, Sung-Gap;Park, Sang-Man;Wu, Hyeong-Gwan;Won, Woo-Sik;Ahn, Byeong-Rip
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2007.07a
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    • pp.1273-1274
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    • 2007
  • In this paper, a Optical Voltage Transformer has been designed and fabricated to improve temperature stability caused by materials properties and insulation in measuring system, using single crystal $Bi_{12}SiO_{20}$ as Pockels effect cells for Gas Insulated Switchgear[GIS] System. LD[wavelength: 850nm] was used as optical source, InGaAs as optical detector to measure optical power, Polarizing Beam Splitter as Polarizer and Analyzer, and Multi-mode Optical-fiber[62.5/$125{\mu}m$] as Light transmission line. OPT was assembled in order to pockels effect, and adopted direct electric field type. The linearity of OPT maintains variation for applied voltage range from 100V - 3000V during the test of electric property, As the temperature was changed from $25^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$. the result of this study shows that characteristics of OPT are good, and it can be reflected for practical optical sensors in GIS system.

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Assembly and Test of the In-cryostat Helium Line for KSTAR (KSTAR 저온용기 내부의 헬륨라인 설치 및 검사)

  • Bang, E.N.;Park, H.T.;Lee, Y.J.;Park, Y.M.;Choi, C.H.;Bak, J.S.
    • Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.153-159
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    • 2007
  • In-cryostat helium lines are under installation to transfer a cryogenic helium into cold components in KSTAR device. In KSTAR, three kinds of helium should be supplied into the cold components, which are supercritical helium Into superconduction(SC) magnet system, liquid helium into current lead system, and gas helium into thermal shields. Cryogenic helium lines consist of transfer lines outside the cryostat, in-cryostat helium lines, and electrical breaks. In-cryostat helium lines should be guaranteed of leak tightness for tong time operation at high internal helium pressure of 20 bar. We wrapped the helium line with multi-layer insulator(MLI) to reduce radiation heat and insulated the surface of the high potential part with prepreg tape. The electrical break was fabricated by brazing ceramic tube with stainless steel tube. To ensure the operation reliability at operation temperature, all the electrical break have been examined by the thermal cycle test at liquid nitrogen and by the hydraulic test at 30 bar. And additional surface insulation was prepared with prepreg tape to give structural safety. At present most of the in-cryostat helium lines have been installed and the final inspection test is progressing.

UHF Narrow Band Type Partial Discharge Diagnosis Method for the Internal Insulation Performance Verification of the Gas Insulated Switchgear (가스절연 개폐장치의 내부절연 성능검증을 위한 UHF 협대역 부분방전 진단법)

  • Song Won-Pyo;Kim Jung-Bae;Kim Min-So;Jung Jae-Ryong;Park Seung-Jae;Ko Heui-Suk
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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    • v.54 no.9
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    • pp.414-420
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    • 2005
  • A method for partial discharge diagnosis based on UHF narrow band type for GIS has been developed and calibrated. In generally, PD cannot be directly measured under on-line condition, but we can indirectly measure the electromagnetic wave made by PD using the high-frequency antenna. Compared with VHF band, electromagnetic waves of UHF band have a low influence for external noise in high-voltage substation. Therefore, we can detect the real abnormality with several pC in GIS using UHF narrow-band type method. For the case of no internal VHF sensor for GIS of the domestic substation, it has applied to use the external UHF sensor attached in spacer in GIS of existing substation. In this paper, we firstly described the technique of partial discharge measurement using frequency analysis and phase analysis in UHF band. Secondly, we presented the results of sensitivity test, the relationship of dBm-pC and diagnosis result of the cause of PD source by phase analysis. And then, we report the diagnosis result of partial discharge on the real GIS in domestic substation. These results make above method applicable for measurement of quantity and cause of PD for real operation GIS in high-voltage substation.

Tele-metering

  • Hearte, L.O.
    • 전기의세계
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    • v.2
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    • pp.6-14
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    • 1949
  • Telemetering may be described as the art of metering at a considerable distance those quantities which are ordinarily encountered in industry, and in the generation of electric power. It is in the production of electric power that telemetering is particularly important, for it permits the system operator, or load dispatcher, to have before him at all times a continuous graphic record of the power output of each individual generating station together with an automatically made continuous graphic record of the total system output. There desired individual graphic records may be obtained showing power flow in or out, on important tie lines, etc. Such arrangements have the very great advantage that loads may be assigned to each generating station so that the best over-all system economy may be obtained and the system operator at all times may see with his own eyes that loads scheduled are actually held at the various stations. Moreover, with such equipment, in the event of system or station trouble the load dispatcher can see exactly what station, or stations, are affected and to what extent, without having to get in touch with anyone by telephone. Decisions can, therefore, be quickly reached for rescheduling the load. One of the most accurate and reliable telemetering systems is based on the use of potentiometric circuits, the fundamentals of which are discussed below. A member of such telemetering systems have been installed for the Boston Edicon Co., Boston, Massachusetts, the Consolidated Edison Co. of New York City. The Public Service Gas & Electric Co. of Newark, new Jersey. The Philadelphia Electric Co. for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. for their electrified zone between New York and Washington a distance of over 200 miles. The scale of the totalizing recorder for the New York area is 3,000,00 KW. That of the totalizing recorder for the Philadelphia area is 2,000,000 KW. The initial installation using this type of equipment described was placed in service for the Philadelphia Electric Co. in 1923. All of the original recording instruments are still in service, later instruments have been added to take care of additions to the power system and naturally these later recorders have incorporated in those refinements in design made since the earlier ones were manufactured. Many other installations of similar equipment have been made in the United States in various locations such as at St. Louis, on the West Coast, at Baltimore and in Washington, D.C. While the use of these basic potentiometric circuits involves the use of continuous metallic circuits of good insulation resistance and free of grounds, nevertheless, intermediate transmission links, involving and impulse method suitable for use on telephone Morse carrier channels is available. This same method may be employed on power line carrier systems and is also suitable for use on beam type microwave transmission. Many impulse type units are also used as a link in these potantiometric methods. For the sake of brevity a description is given only of these basic potentiometric circuits. If there is sufficient interest in Korea, a further paper can be given covering those impulse circuits also.

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