• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.19 no.3 s.67
• /
• pp.26-31
• /
• 2004

The radiation-induced changes taking place in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) exposed to $^{60}Co$ $\gamma-ray$ irradiation were investigated in correlation with the applied doses. Samples were irradiated in air at room temperature by $^{60}Co$ $\gamma-ray$ to doses in the range of 200 to 1000kGy. Various properties of the irradiated PVDF were studied using FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gel fraction and elongation. $^{60}Co\gamma-ray$ irradiation was found to induce changes in chemical, thermal, mechanical and structural properties of PVDF and such changes vary depending on the radiation dose.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.55.2-55.2
• /
• 2011

We present the current research activities of the Center for the Exploration of the Origin of the Universe, a center established at Seoul National University with the Creative Research Initiative program. Our activities focus on observational studies of distant objects such as gamma-ray bursts, quasars, and proto-cluster of galaxies, but we also carry out other observational and theoretical studies in related topics. We also developed a new instrument, Camera for Quasars at Early Universe (CQUEAN) in collaboration with Kyunghee University group, and have secured observing facilities such as UKIRT and McDonald 2.1m observatory. Our research highlights include results such as the discovery of high redshift quasars and gamma ray bursts, the discovery of tidal disruption event at z=0.38 and peculiar gamma ray burst events, analysis of proto-clusters of galaxies, the discovery of brown dwarfs, and development of CQUEAN and its usage at the McDonald observatory.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.50.1-50.1
• /
• 2011

We report the results of the monitoring of a flaring gamma-ray blazar, 3C454.3 in total flux density at 22 and 43GHz and in polarization at 22GHz with KVN Ulsan 21-m radio telescope every 3-4 days from 19 November 2010 to 31 January 2011. After an extraordinary 5-day gamma-ray outburst in November 2010, the radio total flux density at 22/43GHz and the linear polarization at 22GHz has been decreased with a variation of a short time scale. In this paper, we also discuss a spectral change of 3C454.3 at 22 and 43GHz after the extraordinary gamma-ray outburst.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.61 no.8
• /
• pp.1172-1178
• /
• 2012

In this paper, the gamma ray irradiation test results of the CCD cameras are described. From the low dose-rate (2.11 Gy/h) to the high dose-rate (150 Gy/h) level, which is the same level when the hydrogen explosion was occurred in the 1~3 reactor unit of the Fukushima nuclear power plant, the monitoring performance of the cameras owing to the speckles are evaluated. The numbers of speckles, generated by gamma ray irradiation, in the image of cameras are calculated by image processing technique. And the legibility of the sensor indicator (dosimeter) owing to the numbers of the speckles is presented.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.1354-1357
• /
• 2017

Characterization of special nuclear material may be performed using energy spectroscopy of either the neutron or gamma-ray emissions from the sample. Gamma-ray spectroscopy can be performed relatively easily using high-resolution semiconductors such as high-purity germanium. Neutron spectroscopy, by contrast, is a complex inverse problem. Here, results are presented for $^{252}Cf$ and PuBe energy spectra unfolded using a single EJ309 organic scintillator; excellent agreement is observed with the reference spectra. Neutron energy spectroscopy is also possible using a two-plane detector array, whereby time-of-flight kinematics can be used. With this system, energy spectra can also be obtained as a function of position. Spatial-dependent energy spectra are presented for neutron and gamma-ray sources that are in excellent agreement with expectations.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.11
• /
• pp.3772-3783
• /
• 2021

This work proposes a new efficient meta-heuristic optimization algorithm called Gamma Ray Interactions Based Optimization (GRIBO). The algorithm mimics different energy loss processes of a gamma-ray photon during its passage through a matter. The proposed novel algorithm has been applied to search for the global minima of 30 standard benchmark functions. The paper also considers solving real optimization problem in the field of nuclear engineering, radioisotope identification. The results are compared with those obtained by the Particle Swarm Optimization, Genetic Algorithm, Gravitational Search Algorithm and Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithms. The comparisons indicate that the GRIBO algorithm is able to provide very competitive results compared to other well-known meta-heuristics.

• 전기의세계
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 1964

The measurements of X-ray and Gamma-ray Dose Rate have been successfully made by measuring the short circuit current of the Silicon P-N Junction Diode being irradiated. The short circuit current flows when a silicon P-N Junction Diode is irradiated by X-ray of Gammaray radiations due to photovoltaic effect. A brief analysis is given in order to verify the proportionality of a short circuit current to the Dose Rate. Using this method, measurements of X-ray Dose Rate were carried out in the range of 0.05-1600 r/m successfully. The calibration was made by comparing with Victoreen condenser r-meter. Some advantages in this Dose Rate meter over a condenser r-meter were found. One can measure a continous variation of X-ray Dose Rate with this rate meter at the control console of X-ray device.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.342-345
• /
• 2001

A bacterial strain PH-4, which produces an enzyme catalyzing the degradation of crosslinked poly(${\gamma}$-glutamic acid) hydrogels, was isolated and identified as a Flavobacterium sp. The enzyme was obtained by the sonication of the bacterial cells preincubated in a Bouillon medium with shaking, without adding of poly(${\gamma}$-glutamic acid) as an inducer. The products of the hydrogel degraded by the crude enzyme agreed closely with the depolymerized materials in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using methylene blue staining, and with a glutamic acid monomer on thin-layer chromatography, thereby suggesting that strain PH-4 produced a kind of exohydrolase.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1985

The crystal structure or $\gamma$-hydroxy-$\betha$-aminobutyric acid was determined by MULTAN system with X-ray intensity data on a diffractometer and refined by the least-squares method to an R-value 0.034 for 711 reflections. The crystals were orthorhombic, space group $P2_{1}2_{1}2_{1}$, Z = 4, with a = 10.220, b = 8.257 and c = 6.556$\AA$. The molecule takes the zwitterionic form and skeletal conformation is trans-transform. The molecules are held together by intra-and intermolecular NH-O and OH--O hydrogen bonds.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.408-411
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we propose an integrated control system that measures neutrons, gamma ray, and x-ray. The proposed system is able to monitor and control the data measured and analyzed on the remote or network, and can monitor and control the status of each part of the system remotely without remote control. The proposed system consists of a gamma ray/x-ray sensor part, a neutron sensor part, a main control embedded system part, a dedicated display device and GUI part, and a remote UI part. The gamma ray/x-ray sensor part measures gamma ray and x-ray of low level by using NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. The neutron sensor part measures neutrons using Proportional Counter Detector(low-level neutron) and Ion Chamber Type Detector(high-level neutron). The main control embedded system part detects radiation, samples it in seconds, and converts it into radiation dose for accumulated pulse and current values. The dedicated display device and the GUI part output the radiation measurement result and the converted radiation amount and radiation amount measurement value and provide the user with the control condition setting and the calibration function for the detection part. The remote UI unit collects and stores the measured values and transmits them to the remote monitoring system. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, the measurement uncertainty of the neutron detector was measured to less than ${\pm}8.2%$ and the gamma ray and x-ray detector had the uncertainty of less than 7.5%. It was confirmed that the normal operation was not less than ${\pm}15$ percent of the international standard.