• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.83-101
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• 1998

‘Environmental Literacy’ is defined as ‘one's individual status to be accomplished or to be acquired by environmental education’ and it has the same meaning as ‘the Goals of EE’. The purposes of this study was to identify the components of environmental literacy and analyse the related studies. Much of the work in EE has followed the path outlined by the Belgrade Charter, the Tbilisi Declaration, and later in Agenda 21. Over the years, scholars such as Hungerford et al., Iozzi et al., Roth, the Wisconsin Center for Environmental Education, and the Environmental Education Literacy Consortium have examined and proposed a framework of ‘Environmental Literacy’. Recently, the influential framework developed by the NAAEE(the North American Association for Environmental Education) National Project for Excellence in EE included seven categories: affect, ecological knowledge, socio-political knowledge, knowledge of environmental issues, skills, additional determinants of environmentally responsible behavior, and environmentally responsible behaviors. According to the analysed results, 37.7% of the American studies and 32.5% of Korean ones measured aspects of the attitude. Especially, the measure of this variable in America, however, led to the most inconclusive and least positive outcomes. The studies included related to cognitive skills were very few but 100% reported positive impacts of instructions in two countries. In America, using a television documentary, a journal and the field trip were very useful and effective. But using a computer simulation/game was less effective and the supplemental instruction did't led to the positive effect. In Korea, instruction, the supplemental instruction and EE program led to positive outcomes generally. The lack of validity and reliability of the instruments was pointed out as a common problem and the development of valid and reliable instrument for nation-wide assessment is urgently needed.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2016

본 연구는 디지털기기 중독 위험군에 속하는 남자 중학생의 VDT증후군 자각증상 정도를 확인하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 서술적 관계 조사연구로 디지털중독 위험군에 속하는 남자 중학생 169명을 대상으로 온라인 게임 중독, 스마트폰 사용 중독, VDT 증후군의 자각증상, 컴퓨터 사용 환경을 조사하였다. 결과적으로 디지털중독 위험군인 남자 중학생의 VDT 증후군 자각증상은 심리적 증상, 전신증상, 눈 증상, 근골격계 증상순으로 경험하는 것으로 분석되었다. 가장 다빈도 자각증상은 눈 관련 증상으로 눈의 피로감, 시력저하로 나타났다. VDT 증후군 자각증상의 영향요인은 스마트폰 사용 중독, 주중 컴퓨터 사용시간, 컴퓨터 사용 환경으로, 28.1%를 설명하였다. 본 연구는 디지털 중독에 대한 포괄적인 관점에서 건강문제를 탐색하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 예측해 보고자 시도된 연구로서 의의를 갖는다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was done in order to investigate the Kinematical variables of the Rybalko motion on the Horizontal bar using the 3-dimensional cinematographic method. For this study, three excellent athletes take part in a 2003 Daegue universid game were chosen. The subject,s Rybalko motion was filmed with S-VHS camera at the speed of 60 fields per second and digitized the each fields. And the Kwon3D 3.1 version program was employed to obtain 3-dimensional data. As a result of this study. 1. A total time spent for performing Rybalko skill was Mean $2.52{\pm}0.13sec$. From starting down swing to releasing right hand the Mean $0.84{\pm}0.24sec$ was taken. 2. In the event 3 of Rybalko motion, that is, the moment which the right-hand is released on the bar, the center of mass must is employed at the position above the horizontal line of bar. In this research, the average vertical displacement(z axe) of center of mass shows $47.87{\pm}3.14cm$. 3. In the event 5, that is, the moment which the right-hand is catched again on the bar, the center of mass is employed at the position before the vertical line of bar. In this research, the average horizontal displacement(z axe) of center of mass shows $47.87{\pm}3.14cm$. 4. It has been seen that, at the moment of release of right-hand, lateral variation of center of mass is 13.395cm, vertical variation of center of mass is 7.41cm Thus, it is concluded that lateral variation of center of mass should be reduced for high grade to be acquired. 5. It has been founded that high speed of down swing influences speed of up swing, and that, in the motion of twist, the horizontal speed is little changed.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2020

Survivability in a battle field is the most important aspect to the warriors. To analyze the survival effectiveness of warrior platform, the simulation via war-game model is an essential step in advance to the development of platform. In this study, Army Weapon effectiveness Analysis Model(AWAM) was utilized for analysis. Several weapon parameters were adjusted to apply the characteristics of warrior platform in some cases of the defense and survival system. Especially, adjusted triage possibility, probability of kill, fatality and accuracy were employed as parameters in the simulation program to evaluate the survival effectiveness of intelligent system based on the previous researches. In the future battle field or virtual space in the AWAM, the warrior platform intelligent system could react emergency treatment on time by expoiting the bio-information of man at arms. Considering the order of supply priority, special force was selected as operating troops and battle scenario without engagement was selected to measure accurate survival effectiveness. In conclusion, the survivability of defence and survival system of the warrior platform was about 1.47 times higher than that of current system.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.479-487
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 사회연결망 분석을 축구경기에 적용하여 가장 영향력 있는 선수를 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 2014 브라질월드컵에 참가한 독일 축구 국가대표팀과 대한민국 축구 국가대표팀이며, FIFA에서 제공한 선수별 패스 데이터를 수집하고 Ucinet 6 프로그램을 사용하여 사회연결망분석과 패스 성공률을 분석하였다. 연구결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 패스를 많이 주고받은 선수는 패스 연결 네트워크에서 연결 중심성이 높았고, 선수들과의 근접 중심성도 높게 나왔다. 둘째, 독일은 LAHM과 KROOS가 주요 선수로 나타났으며, 대한민국은 KI.S.Y 선수가 주요 선수로 나타났다. 셋째, 근접 중심성과 패스 성공률의 정량적 지표는 독일이 대한민국에 비하여 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2012

본 논문은 실용 엔지니어를 위해서 일반미분방정식으로 표현될 수 있는 연속시스템의 계층적인 모델 개발을 위한 모델링 기법 및 객체지향언어 기반의 경량 시뮬레이션 구축 환경을 제안하였다. 제안된 블록 기반 모델링 형식론은 단위 모델의 동적인 행위를 나타내는 기본블록 모델과 모델들의 계층적인 구조를 나타내는 결합블록 모델 형식론으로 이루어져 있다. 이러한 수학적 모델의 시뮬레이터를 객체지향 언어로 구현하기 위한 시뮬레이션구축 프레임워크인 BlockSim++를 제안하였다. 제안된 프레임워크는 재사용성을 제공하며, 수학적 모델을 쉽게 구현할 수 있게 하고, 또한 외부 응용 소프트웨어와도 쉽게 결합할 수 있는 인터페이스를 제공한다. 간단한 하이브리드 모델링 시뮬레이션 예시를 통해 제안된 모델링 형식론과 시뮬레이션 프레임워크를 이용하여 그 유용성을 입증하였다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.12-27
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• 2020

Purpose: Bullying is a global problem, and various programs are under way to prevent it. The purpose of this study was to review school bullying interventions for Korean school-age children and adolescents. Methods: Online databases such as RISS, KISS, DBpia, NDSL and KMBASE were searched, identifying 32 intervention studies published from January 2009 to November 2018. Results: Thirty-two intervention studies were identified: 23 included school bullying prevention and 9 included school bullying treatment for victims or youth at high risk for bullying. The main purpose of preventive intervention was to decrease the bystander's attitude toward group bullying and treatment program was to improve the psychosocial adaptation of bullying victims. The school bullying interventions varied from group counseling, social skills training, art therapy, bibliotherapy using role-play, game & activities. Classroom environment variables and self-esteem, peer-related variables improved significantly after the school bullying prevention programs and school bullying treatment programs, respectively. Conclusion: There is potential for enhancing the outcomes of the behavioral, interpersonal psychological variable. Integrated interventions considering the individuality, gender and physical health of children and adolescents will also be needed. However, a rigorous study design is required to compensate for the methodological limitations.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.60-70
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the correlates of body mass index (BMI), perceived health status (PHS), and the needs of functional games for the elderly in Korea. Methods: This is a descriptive study with convenience sampling. The data were collected from 363 older adults in S city who completed questionnaires asking about their BMI, PHS, needs for functional games, and general characteristics. Using the SPSS 20.0 program, data were analyzed. Results: The mean age was 65.4(${\pm}4.75$), ranging between 60-83 years old. Among the 363 subjects, 75.2% who were male, 55.9% chose "functional games are necessary," and 25.3% selected "functional games are absolutely necessary" for the elderly. There were statistically significant correlations between current PHS and comparing health to others (r=.827, p<.001), depression (r=-.330, p<.001), age (r=-.113, p=.032), respectively. In addition, there was a statistically significant correlation between comparing health to others and depression (r=-.292, p<.001). Conclusion: The study findings show that older adults have distinct needs and interests for functional games. Thus, we need to develop senior functional games to help make older adults more active with greater enjoyment to gain more health benefits. Interdisciplinary team approaches would work well for developing functional games in Korean considering the preferences of older people are similar.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2016

Background: To investigate how many rookie pitchers suffered from injuries while playing in the amateur league without guidelines for prevention of excessive pitching, we analyzed their amateur pitching patterns based on the pitch count, use of breaking balls, and pitches during winter camp. Methods: Forty-one rookie pitchers who graduated from high school or university in 2013 and joined professional baseball teams. Participants were interviewed by a trainer using our questionnaire. Injury inclusion criteria were 1) history of shoulder surgery, 2) history of elbow surgery, 3) shoulder pain requiring treatment, and 4) elbow pain requiring treatment. Results: Mean number of pitches per game and warm-up pitches for practice was 84.5 pitches (range, 15 to 130 pitches) and 16.4 pitches (range, 2 to 210 pitches), respectively. Mean number of pitches during the last year was 906.9 (range, 80 to 2,000). Mean number of maximal pitches was 127 pitches (range, 50 to 210 pitches). Fourteen pitchers had pitched over 150 pitches. Twenty-seven pitchers (65.9%) had pitched in spite of enduring pain. During winter training (mean 1.8 months), mean number of pitches per day was 162.5 pitches, and 20 pitchers (48.8%) had practiced pitching excessively despite the cold weather. Twenty-six rookies (63.4%) had shoulder pain or history of shoulder surgery, and 31 pitchers (75.6%) had elbow pain or history of elbow surgery. Only four participants (9.8%) did not have pain and history of surgery. Conclusions: For young baseball pitchers, guidelines for prevention of excessive pitching and for regulating the winter training program may be needed.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2015

최근 국내에서 발생하고 있는 수련원 체험활동이나 수학여행시 심각하게 문제가 되는 요소로 안전 지목되고 있다. 세월호 경주마우나리조트 등 아주 오래전부터 이러한 실상으로부터의 문제점이 커져 가고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내외 학교 안전사고에 대한 실태를 분석하고 국 내외 비교 분석을 통하여 효과적인 안전교육 대책방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 국내외 실태를 알아보기 위해 신문, 인터넷 검색자료, 관련 법률 등을 참고하는 문헌고찰을 주로 활용하였고 또한 관계 부처와 협조하여 자료를 수집하고 안전관리의 방안을 모색하였다. 국내외 실태를 분석한 결과 해외에서는 주로 안전에 대해 저학년부터 직접체험을 할 수 있고 교육과정에 안전이 중요시 되어 체계적인 교육을 받고 있었다. 이를 바탕으로 국내에서도 지속적으로 가르쳐 습관화 되어야 하며 체험형, 참여형 안전 프로그램을 마련할 수 있어야 한다. 또한 학교안전교육에 시설 및 이동차량을 활용한 체험교육과 역할극, SNS 게임프로그램 등 흥미와 관심을 유발할 수 있는 콘텐츠를 마련하여 학생들이 흥미를 느끼고 적극적으로 참여할 수 있도록 해야 한다.