• 대한약침학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2015

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the 4-week repeated-dose oral toxicity of gami-jakyak gamcho buja decoction (Mecasin) to develop safe treatments. Methods: In order to investigate the 4-week oral toxicity of Mecasin, we administered Mecasin orally to rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups of five male and five female animals per group: group 1 being the control group and groups 2, 3, and 4 being the experimental groups. Doses of Mecasin of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg of body weight were administered to the experimental groups, and a dose of normal saline solution of 10 mL/kg was administered to the control group. We examined the survival rate, weight, clinical signs, and gross findings for four weeks. This study was conducted under the approval of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. Results: No deaths occurred in any of the four groups. No significant changes in weights or food consumption between the control group and the experimental groups were observed. Serum biochemistry revealed that some groups showed significant decrease in inorganic phosphorus (IP) (P < 0.05). During necropsy on the rats, one abnormal macroscopic feature, a slight loss of fur, was observed in the mid dosage (1,000 mg/kg) male group. No abnormalities were observed in any other rats. In histopathological findings, the tubular basophilia and cast of the kidney and extramedullary hematopoiesis of the spleen were found. However, those changes were minimal and had occurred naturally or sporadically. No other organ abnormalities were observed. Conclusion: During this 4-week, repeated, oral toxicity test of Mecasin in SD rats, no toxicity changes due to Mecasin were observed in any of the male or the female rats in the high dosage group. Thus, we suggest that the doses in a 13-week, repeated test should be 0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg respectively.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2015

To study the effect of crop rotation on the control of ginseng root rot, growth characteristics and root rot ratio of 2-year-old ginseng was investigated after the crops of 18 species were cultured for one year in soil contaminated by the pathogen of root rot. Fusarium solani and Cylindrocarpon destructans were detected by 53.2% and 37.7%, respectively, from infected root of 4-year-old ginseng cultivated in soil occurring the injury by continuous cropping. Content of $NO_3$, Na, and $P_2O_5$ were distinctly changed, while content of pH, Ca, and Mg were slightly changed when whole plant of crops cultured for one year were buried in the ground. All of EC, $NO_3$, $P_2O_5$, and K were distinctly increased in soil cultured sudangrass, peanut, soybean, sunnhemp, and pepper. All of EC, $NO_3$, $P_2O_5$, and K among inorganic component showed negative effect on the growth of ginseng when they were excessively applied on soil. The growth of ginseng was promoted in soil cultivated perilla, sweet potato, sudangrass, and welsh onion, while suppressed in Hwanggi (Astragalus mongholicus), Deodeok (Codonopsis lanceolata) Doraji (Platycodon grandiflorum), Gamcho (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), Soybean. All of chicory, lettuce, radish, sunnhemp, and welsh onion had effective on the inhibition of ginseng root rot, while legume such as soybean, Hwanggi, Gamcho, peanut promoted the incidence of root rot. Though there were no significant correlation, $NO_3$ showed positive correlation, and Na showed negative correlation with the incidence of root rot.

• 생약학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2023

MRSA is Staphylococcus aureus resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, and is a worldwide infectious disease. Even with the discovery of new antibiotics, resistance develops rapidly, so new alternatives are needed. Jakyakgamcho-tang (JGT) is a combination of Jakyak and Gamcho, and has been mainly used as an antispasmodic and analgesic in oriental medicine. This study was conducted to find out whether there is an effect on MRSA in relation to the anti-inflammatory effect of JGT and the antibacterial effect of Jakyak and Gamcho found in previous studies. In this study, in order to investigate the antibacterial activity of JGT and the combined effect of existing antibiotics, after extracting JGT with 70% EtoH, the disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), drug combination effect (FICI), and time-kill analysis (Time-kill assay), metabolic inhibition, Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis were used to confirm the antibacterial activity mechanism of MRSA of JGT. As a result of the experiment, all of MRSA showed antibacterial activity in JGT's disc diffusion method, and the MIC was 250-1000 ㎍/mL. When existing antibiotics and JGT were combined with drugs, most had synergy or partial synergy. In addition, it was confirmed that the degree of bacterial growth was suppressed over time when simultaneous administration for 24 hours. JGT showed a synergistic effect when administered together with the ATPase-inhibitor DCCD, suggesting that it affected the inhibition of ATPase. As a result of observing the expression of PBP2a, and hla protein in the JGT-treated group and the untreated control group through wstern blot, it was confirmed that the protein expression of the JGT-treated group was significantly suppressed, and the expression levels of mecA, mecR1 and hla genes were also suppressed during JGT treatment. was observed by qRT-PCR. Combining the results of the experiment, it can be seen that JGT has antibacterial activity in MRSA, and when combined with existing antibiotics, the effect was increased compared to treatment with the drug alone. This suggests that JGT can be an alternative to treatment for antibiotic resistance of MRSA.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2020

This case report details two remissions at onset and relapse after 4 years each with Korean herbal medicine treatment in a 33-year-old male patient diagnosed as Crohn's disease (CD) by clinical and colonoscopic examination. He presented bloody diarrhea and severe abdominal pain, and his symptoms were persistent even with usual Western medications, so he was offered surgery and biologics. He was then given Sayeok-Tang for 8 months and remission was induced. Four years later he had a relapse and this time he was given Banha-Sasim-Tang, and Baekduong-Ga-Gamcho-Agyo-Tang, based on pattern changes with intense symptom monitoring. Clinical and endoscopic remission was confirmed after 4 months of herbal medicine treatment and no adverse events were reported. This case report shows that individualized Korean herbal medicine treatment has the potential for induction of remission of CD and further research is warranted.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2022

Objectives To investigate the effect of Jakyakgamcho-tang (JGT) on Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced ulcerative colitis. Methods Experimental animals were divided into six groups; group 1, normal group; group 2, DSS-induced colitis group; group 3, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA)-treated group; group 4, Glycyrrhiza Uralensis (Gamcho, GC)-treated group; group 5, Paeoniae Radix (Jakyak, JY)-treated group; group 6, JGT-treated group. Inflammatory cytokines and their metabolites were detected. Result In the JGT group, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were significantly decreased, whereas that of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) were significantly increased. In addition, the metabolite profile changed in the JGT group with most metabolites increasing. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the therapeutic potential of JGT in ulcerative colitis. Further studies should be conducted to confirm our findings.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the potential toxicity of a recently developed and clinically used No-Pain pharmacopuncture (NPP) solution. We also assessed the lethal dose of the NPP agent following a single intramuscular injection in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: Animals were divided into two groups: the NPP test material group and the normal saline control group. A single intramuscular injection of the NPP agent (1.0 mL/animal) was administered to rats of the NPP test material group. The control group rats received the same volume of normal saline. Both female and male rats were included in each group. All rats were monitored for clinical signs and body weight changes for 14 days after administration of the test substance or saline. At the end of the observation period, a gross necropsy was conducted and localized tolerance at the injection site was analyzed. Results: No mortality was observed in the NPP test material and control groups. Moreover, no test substance-related effects were observed on clinical signs, body weight, necropsy findings, and localized tolerance at the injection site. Conclusion: The approximate lethal dose of the NPP agent is greater than 1.0 mL/animal under the conditions used in this study. Additional toxicity evaluations and clinical studies are needed to confirm the safety of NPP use in clinical practice.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.49-74
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• 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the research trends in herbal medicine as a treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) in an animal model. Methods We conducted a search targeting papers published from 2013 onwards in Korean and English databases. The search terms were focused on "AD", "dermatitis", and "Korean medicine". Only animal experimental studies involving the oral administration of single or complex prescriptions of Korean medicine were included, whereas in vitro studies, local administration studies, and studies of specific components of Korean medicine were excluded. We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for English databases and the Science on Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) and Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS) databases for Korean studies. Results Among the herbal medicine intervention groups, the most commonly used single herbs were baekseonpi, danggui, and douchi, whereas a mixture of hwangryun and gamcho was used in three studies, making it the most frequently used combination. There were significant improvements in indicators related to the symptoms of AD and various pro-inflammatory markers. Conclusions These results indicate the efficacy of herbal medicines in the treatment of AD in animal models. However, this study had several limitations. Therefore, future systematic reviews that address these limitations and provide more comprehensive analyses are required.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bo-du-san (BOS) on apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells, SNU-l cells. BOS, a drug preparation consisting of two herbs, that is, Crotonis Fructus (Strychni ignatii Semen, bodu in Korean) and Glycyrrhizae Radix (Glycyrrhizae uralensis FISCH, Gamcho in Korean). Methodss : In this study, methanol extract of BOS was examined for cytotoxic activity on human gastric cancer cells, SNU-1 cells, using XTT assay, with an IC50 value was 0.7 mg/ml and 0.3 mg/ml at 24 hrs and 48 hrs, respectively. Apoptosis induction by BDS in SNU-l cells was verified by the induction of DNA fragmentation, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), and activation of caspase-3, -8 and -9. Inhibitors of caspase-3, -8 and -9 (Ac-DEVD-CHO, Z-IETD-FMK and Z-LEHD-FMK) efficiently blocked BOS-induced cell death of SNU-l. Resultss : BOS-induced cell death was via caspase dependent apoptosis. Moreover, treatment of BOS result in the decrease the G1/S cycle regulation proteins (cyclin D1 and E) expression and increase CDK inhibitor proteins (p21 and p27) expression, and increase apoptotic protein, p53 expression. Thus, BOS induces apoptosis in SNU-1 cells via cell cycle arrested in G1 phase. Conclusions : These results indicated that BOS has some potential for use as an anti-cancer agent.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.10-25
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• 2002

1. Purpose This Study is intended to catch the expasion of theory of Sasang Constitutional Medicine through comparision DongyiSooseBowon Chopanbon with DongyiSooseBowon Chobonguen and DongyiSooseBowon Gabobon. 2. Method I compared the Soeumin's prescriptions and medications of DongyiSooseBowon Chopanbon with those of DongyiSooseBowon Chobonguen and DongyiSooseBowon Gabobon. 3. Result and conclusion 1. The Soeumin's meducations used in the prescriptions of chobonguen are 44 and those of Gabobon are 47, those of chopanbon are 46 2. Soeumin;s Medications of the same kind in Chobonguen's precriptions and Gabobon's and Chopanbon's are twenty-five;like Daejo(大棗), Jinpi(陳皮), Gamcho(甘草), etc. and these medications are the princople in soeumin's disease. 3. Soeumin's Prescriptions of the same name in Chobonguen's prescriptions and Gabobon's and Chopanbon's are two;Gwakhanggeunggisan(藿香精氣散) and Bogungikgitang(補中益氣湯). These two prescriptions are correspond to the prescriptions those were recorded in Song-won-myuong Soeumin's princple prescription of experience(宋元明 少陰人經驗行用要藥). 4. Soeumin's Prescriptions of the same name in Chobonguen's precriptions and Gabobon's are two;Gwakhanggeunggisan(藿香精氣散) and Bogungikgitang(補中益氣湯). Chobonguen's precriptions were composed of Old prescriptions(古方) except the medications those were considered of wrong Sang Constitutional medications. 5. Soeumin's Prescriptions of the same name in Gabobon's prescriptions and Chopanbon's are nine and except Padudan(巴豆丹) have differences in the kind of medications and quantites. This fact shows that Dongmu(東武) roform the Sasnag Constitutional prescriptions continuously. 6. As this, Dongmu(東武) selected Sasang Constitutional prescription and medication in detail as he has the more experince of treatment.

• 대한추나의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2000

To prove the effect of Yukmijihwngwon(YMJHW) and Taeyoungjeon(TYJ) extract on the Meridian of Human body and Active oxygen experimentally, ORS & Free Radical of extract and precipitate of YMJHW and TYJ was measured. The results were summarized as follows; 1. TYJ extract, as a result of measuring QRIS, had a considerable effect on the function of pituitary gland, the 4th cervical vertebra and the 1 st lumbar vertebra. 2. TYJ precipitate, as a result of measuring QRIS, had a considerable effect on the function of liver, uterus, and vertebra. 3. YMJHW extract, as a result of measuring QRIS, had a considerable effect on the function of lung, adrenalin gland, bladder, prostate gland, ovaria, the 2nd cervical vertebra, the 3rd cervical vertebra, the 5th cervical vertebra, the 6th cervical vertebra, the 2nd lumbar vertebra, the 4th lumbar vertebra and the 5th lumbar vertebra. 4. YMJHW precipitate, as a result of measuring QRIS, had a considerable effect on the function of spleen, lung, kidney, adrenal gland, bladder, ovaria, the 2nd cervical vertebra, the 6th cervical vertebra, the 7th cervical vertebra, the 2nd lumbar vertebra, the 5th lumbar vertebra, sacrum, and knee joint. 5. As a result of measuring Free Radical, the level of TYJ is higher than YMJHW. It is thiut that's because of Duchung and roasted Gamcho. 6. As an order of QRIS levels, YMJHW precipitate is the highest, YMJHW extract is next, TYJ extract and TYJ precipitate. These results suggested that TYJ and YMJHW be usefully applied for suppressing of abnormal Meridian and noxious oxygen, preventing and curing all the disease.