• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2015

The extract of white rose petals has an antioxidant effect and can be used to treat allergic disease. The purpose of this study was to identify optimal conditions for extracting antioxidative compounds from white rose petals with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activities. A response surface methodology based on a central composite design was used to investigate the effects of three independent variables: ethanol concentration ($X_1$), extraction temperature ($X_2$), and extraction time ($X_3$). The estimated optimal conditions for obtaining phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities were as follows: ethanol concentration of 42% ($X_1$), extraction time of 80 min ($X_3$), and extraction temperature of $75^{\circ}C$ ($X_2$). The estimated optimal conditions for obtaining flavonoid compounds with antioxidant effects were an ethanol concentration of 41% ($X_1$), extraction time of 119 min ($X_3$), and an extraction temperature of $75^{\circ}C$ ($X_2$). Under these conditions, predicted response values for the phenolic and flavonoid contents were 243.5 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry mass and 19.93 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g dry mass, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2010

A chitinase (CHT) and a protease (PRO) were purified from the culture supernatant of Serratia sp. TKU017, with shrimp shell as the sole carbon/nitrogen source. The molecular masses of CHT and PRO determined by SDS-PAGE were approximately 65 kDa and 53 kDa, respectively. CHT was inhibited by $Mn^{2+}$ and $Cu^{2+}$, and PRO was inhibited by most tested divalent metals and EDTA. The optimum pH, optimum temperature, pH stability, and thermal stability of CHT and PRO were pH 5, $50^{\circ}C$, pH 5-7, and <$50^{\circ}C$, and pH 9, $40^{\circ}C$, pH 5-11, and <$40^{\circ}C$, respectively. PRO retained 95% of its protease activity in the presence of 0.5 mM SDS. The result demonstrates that PRO is an SDS-resistant protease and probably has a rigid structure. The $4^{th}$-day supernatant showed the strongest antioxidant activity (70%, DPPH scavenging ability) and the highest total phenolic content ($196{\pm}6.2\;{\mu}g$ of gallic acid equiv./ml). Significant associations between the antioxidant potency and the total phenolic content, as well as between the antioxidant potency and free amino groups, were found for the supernatant. With this method, we have shown that shrimp shell wastes can be utilized and it is effective in the production of enzymes and antioxidants, facilitating its potential use in industrial applications and functional foods.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.2072-2081
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• 2015

Aloe vera has been used in traditional medicine for the therapy of a variety of disorders, such as wounds and burns. However, few studies have examined the antioxidant capacities of A. vera plants during different growth periods. In order to investigate the effects of growth on antioxidant activity, A. vera was prepared from 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, and 12-month-old aloe. The extracts from 6-month-old A. vera showed the highest contents of flavonoids (9.750 mg catechin equivalent/g extract) and polyphenols (23.375 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) and the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (0.047 mM ferrous sulfate equivalent/mg extract). The extract from 6-month-old A. vera exhibited the highest free radical scavenging potential, and the lowest IC₅₀ values were found for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (0.26 mg/ml) and alkyl radicals (0.50 mg/ml). In addition, the extract from 6-month-old A. vera showed the greatest effects on cell viability in normal liver cells. Based on these findings, the extract from 6-month-old A. vera was examined further in order to determine its protective potential against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative stress. The extract from 6-month-old A. vera at a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml showed the highest protective activity against t-BHP-induced reactive oxygen species production. These findings suggested that harvesting regimens were critical in the regulation of effects of the bioactive potential of A. vera on antioxidant activity.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 1994

새로운 식용버섯 자원인 개암버섯(N. sublateritium)의 균사생장에 관한 배양적 조건을 구명하고자 시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 균사배양에 적합한 온도 및 pH는 각각 $25^{\circ}C$, 5.0-6.0의 범위였다. 2.균사배양시 양호한 탄소원으로서 단당류는 sorbitol, d-ribose 다당류는 starch, inulin, dextrin등이 있다. 3. 질소원으로 양호한 것은 무기태 질소인 질산칼륨, 암모니아태 질소인 asparagine, leucine, phenylalanine 등이었다. 4. 탄소원인 sorbitol 농도를 1-2%로 고정했을 때 적합한 C/N 비는 50이었고 질소원 농도가 높아질수록 균사생장은 부진하였다. 5. 개암버섯 균사생장에 필요한 무기염류는 비교적 다양하였고 $KH_2PO_4,\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O,\;CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$의 최적농도는 각각 0.08%, 0.03%, 0.01%로 낮은 경향이었다. 6. 유기산으로 양호한 것은 fumaric, maleic, tartaric, gallic acid 등이었다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.119-119
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• 2018

국화과(Compositae) 다년생 초본인 곰취속(Ligularia)은 국내에 약 9종이 자생하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이 중 곰취 (L. fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz.)와 곤달비 (L. stenocephala (Maxim.) Matsum. & Koidz.)는 잎을 생체로 식용하는 대표적인 산채자원으로 최근 웰빙 채소의 소비가 증가하면서 곰취와 곤달비를 비롯한 다양한 산채자원에 대한 생리활성 연구가 다수 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 동일 기간에 수확한 국내 각 지역에서 재배 생산되는 곰취와 곤달비의 온수추출물($45^{\circ}C$)을 대상으로 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량을 분석 비교하였다. 총 페놀함량은 Folin-Ciocalteu법으로 측정하였고, 8.08-19.06 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight의 함량을 나타냈다. 또한 총 플라보노이드 함량은 Aluminum chloride법으로 측정하였으며, 4.01-18.91 mg quercetin equivalent(QE)/g dry weight 범위에서 값이 확인되었다. 통계 분석 결과, 총 페놀함량은 곰취와 곤달비 종간에 차이가 없었으나 폴라보노이드 함량의 경우, 통계적 유의차를 보이며 곤달비의 평균 플라보노이드 함량이 상대적으로 더 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 한편, 총 페놀함량에서는 곰취와 곤달비 모두 재배 지역 간에 차이를 보였으나 총 플라보노이드 함량은 곰취 개체(지역) 간 차이가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 곰취와 곤달비 외 기타 산채자원들을 활용한 건강기능식품 개발 연구의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있으며, 추후 구체적인 생리활성 연구와 형태적으로 매우 유사한 두 종간 명확한 기원정립 연구가 함께 이루어진다면 재배 생산 유통 안전성을 높여 농가 소득 증대 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2017

Vaccinium angustifolium, commonly known as the lowbush blueberry, is a rich source of flavonoids, with which various human physiological activities have been associated. The present study focuses on the investigation of the effect of the methanolic extract of V. angustifolium root extract (VAE) on high affinity immunoglobulin E receptor ($Fc{\varepsilon}RI$) ${\alpha}$ chain antibody (CRA-1)-induced allergic reaction in human basophilic KU812F cells. The total phenolic content of VAE was found to be $170{\pm}1.9mg$ gallic acid equivalents/g. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the cell surface expression of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ was suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner upon culture with VAE. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the mRNA level of the $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ ${\alpha}$ chain was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner as a result of VAE treatment. Western blot analysis revealed that the protein expression of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 were concentration-dependently inhibited by VAE. We determined that VAE inhibited anti-CRA-1-induced histamine release, in addition to the elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ([$Ca^{2+}$]i), in a concentration-dependent manner. These results indicate that VAE may exert an anti-allergic effect via the inhibition of calcium influx and histamine release, which occurs as a result of the down-regulation of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ expression through inhibition of ERK 1/2 activation.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2016

The need for natural cosmetic ingredients has been increasing over the world nowadays. Agarose, a natural polymer from red seaweeds, has high hydrophilic character and a function of scaffolder. As skin moisturizer, agarose is adequate for percutaneous absorption. While, blueberry fruits extract possesses rich procyanidins and anthocyanins which show health benefits, anti-oxidant effect, anti-aging and anti-melanogenesis. Stability, sensory preference, skin trouble of the emulsion formula are important for cosmetic product development. In this study, we manufactured an emulsion formula for skin moisturizers using the two ingredients and tested emulsion stability and skin trouble. Total phenolic contents of the blueberry fruits extract were evaluated as well as tyrosinase inhibitory and collagenase inhibitory activities. $IC_{50}$ values of blueberry fruits extract for anti-tyrosinase and anti-collagenase activities were 168 and $112{\mu}g/mL$, respectively using gallic acid as a control ($64.8{\mu}g/mL$). The stability (pH and viscosity) of the formula containing 2% blueberry fruits extracts and 0.1% agarose was measured at five different temperatures (room temp., $25^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$) under the sun light at 2 day intervals for 12 days. There has been little pH change at the different temperatures. According to the sensory evaluation, there was no significant flavor, discoloration and physical changes of the formula at $25-65^{\circ}C$. These results suggest that emulsion formula containing blueberry extract and agarose could be used as a candidate for lotion and essence products.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.156-160
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 복숭아 유과 과육의 품종에 따른 총 폴리페놀 함량과 항산화능 및 tyrosinase 저해 활성을 알아보고자 하였다. 품종별 복숭아 유과 과육의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 7.24~9.95 mg/g의 함량을 나타내며 마도카에서 가장 낮고 몽부사에서 가장 높았으며, DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거능에서 몽부사의 radical 소거능이 가장 높게 나타났다. Reducing power에서의 항산화 실험 결과 역시 몽부사에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, tyrosinase 저해 활성에서는 홍백에서 가장 높은 tyrosinase 저해능을 보였으나 6품종간의 유의적 차이는 확인할 수 없었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과에 따라 복숭아 유과과육은 항노화 및 미백활성으로 화장품 산업에서 천연 물질로 잠재적인 기능성을 가지고 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권10호
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• pp.1712-1716
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• 2013

통풍 증상을 개선하고 예방 및 치료에 효과를 확인하여 이를 일상생활에 지장을 주지 않고 장기간 쉽게 복용하기에 적합한 식품 소재를 발굴하기 위하여 한의학 및 식품 관련 서적에서 통풍 개선 및 치료 효과가 있어 널리 사용되고 있는 29가지 식용 가능 한약재를 선별하였다. 각 한약재의 열수추출액의 총 페놀 함량, DPPH 라디칼 소거능, ABTS 라디칼 소거능, xanthine oxidase 저해능을 측정한 결과, 황금추출액이 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과는 황금추출액을 주 소재로 하여 항산화능과 통증 개선에 유용한 식품 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.229-232
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• 2009

The ethanol (EtOH) extract of the branches of Cotinus coggygria (Anacardiaceae) exhibited a significant inhibition on the yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase, one of the key enzymes related with diabetes mellitus, in a dose dependent manner, in vitro. The intensive phytochemical survey of the EtOH extract of the species by way of bioactivity-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-$\beta$-D-glucose (1) as an active principle responsible for the inhibition on $\alpha$-glucosidase, together with two related components 2 and 3. Compound 1 demonstrated a strong inhibition on the yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase, in vitro and $IC_{50}$ value was calculated as 0.96 mg/ml, when that of a reference drug, acarbose was estimated as 5.3 mg/ml. On the other hand, other related constituents of the species, 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-$\beta$-D-glucose (2) and gallic acid (3) were exhibited relatively poor inhibition upon the yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase, respectively.