• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2005

In this paper, electromagnetic scattering problems by a resistive strip grating with tapered resistivity on a grounded dielectric plane according to strip width and spacing, relative permittivity and thickness of dielectric layers, and incident angles of a electric wave are analyzed by applying the Fourier-Galerkin Moment Method known as a numerical procedure. The boundary conditions are applied to obtain the unknown field coefficients and the resistive boundary condition is used for the relationship between the tangential electric field and the electric current density on the strip. The resistivity of resistive strips in this paper varies from zeroes at one edge to infinite at the other edge, then the induced surface current density on the resistive strip is expanded in a series of Jacobi polynomials of the order ${\alpha}=0.2,\;{\beta}=-0.2$ as a orthogonal polynomials. The numerical results of the geometrically normalized reflected power in this paper are compared with those for the existing perfectly conducting strip. The numerical results of the normalized reflected power for conductive strips case with zero resistivity in this paper show in good agreement with those of existing papers.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2007

This paper presents an efficient meshless method for analyzing cracked piezoelectric structures subjected to mechanical and electrical loading. The method employs an element free Galerkin (EFG) formulation and an enriched basic function as well as special shape functions that contain discontinuous derivatives. Based on the moving least squares (MLS) interpolation approach, The EFG method is one of the promising methods for dealing with problems involving progressive crack growth. Since the method is meshless and no element connectivity data are needed, the burdensome remeshing procedure required in the conventional finite element method (FEM) is avoided. The numerical results show that the proposed method yields an accurate near-tip stress field in an infinite piezoelectric plate containing an interior hole. Another example is to study a ceramic multilayer actuator. The proposed model was found to be accurate in the simulation of stress and electric field concentrations due to the abrupt end of an internal electrode.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1541-1555
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• 2015

In this paper mechanical behavior of the functional gradient materials (FGM) micro-gripper under thermal load and DC voltage is numerically investigated taking into account the effect of intermolecular forces. In contrary to the similar previous works, which have been conducted for homogenous material, here, the FGM material has been implemented. It is assumed that the FGM micro-gripper is made of metal and ceramic and that material properties are changed continuously along the beam thickness according to a given function. The nonlinear governing equations of the static and dynamic deflection of microbeams have been derived using the coupled stress theory. The equations have been solved using the Galerkin based step-by-step linearization method (SSLM). The solution procedure has been evaluated against available data of literature showing good agreement. A parametric study has been conducted, focusing on the combined effects of important parameters included DC voltage, temperature variation, geometrical dimensions and ceramic volume concentration on the dynamic response and stability of the FGM micro-gripper.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.476-483
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• 2015

The high-order Laplacian-type filter, which is capable of providing isotropic and sharp cut-off filtering on the spherical domain, is essential in processing geophysical data. In this study, a spherical high-order filter was designed by combining the Fourier method with finite difference-method in the longitude and latitude, respectively. The regular grid system was employed in the filter, which has uniform angular spacing including the poles. The singularity at poles was eliminated by incorporating variable transforms and continuity-matching boundary conditions across poles. The high-order filter was assessed using the Rossby-Haurwitz wave, the observed geopotential, and observed wind field. The performance of the filter was found comparable to the filter based on the Galerkin procedure. The filter, employing the finite difference method, can be designed to give any target order of accuracy, which is an important advantage being unavailable in other methods. The computational complexity is represented with 2n-1 diagonal matrices solver with n being the target order of accuracy. Along with the availability of arbitrary target-order, it is also advantageous that the filter can adopt the reduced grid to increase computational efficiency.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.989-996
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• 2001

High-speed and low-speed flows are simulated numerically by flowfield-dependent mixed explicit-implicit (FDMEI) method. This algorithm depends on implicitness parameters of convection, diffusion, diffusion gradients, and source terms which are calculated from the changes of local Mach, Reynolds, Peclet, and Damkohler numbers between adjacent nodes. Convection phenomena or shock waves are resolved from Mach number-dependent implicitness parameters whereas diffusion or viscous actions are simulated by Reynolds number or Peclet number-dependent implicitness parameters. Fluctuation components of all variables are properly accommodated spatially and temporally in the FDMEI procedure. To illustrate, some benchmark example problems are presented for comparisons of the FDMEI results with other available data. These results appear to be encouraging and point toward the need for further investigations of the FDMEI theory.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.617-639
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• 2016

In this work, an analytical formulation based on both hyperbolic shear deformation theory and stress function, is presented to study the nonlinear post-buckling response of symmetric functionally graded plates supported by elastic foundations and subjected to in-plane compressive, thermal and thermo-mechanical loads. Elastic properties of material are based on sigmoid power law and varying across the thickness of the plate (S-FGM). In the present formulation, Von Karman nonlinearity and initial geometrical imperfection of plate are also taken into account. By utilizing Galerkin procedure, closed-form expressions of buckling loads and post-buckling equilibrium paths for simply supported plates are obtained. The effects of different parameters such as material and geometrical characteristics, temperature, boundary conditions, foundation stiffness and imperfection on the mechanical and thermal buckling and post-buckling loading capacity of the S-FGM plates are investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.347-353
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• 2000

The construction and ability of CAE program are presented. The merit and ability of MATLAB which is widely using in the field of recently engineering and natural science are also introduced. Also, analysis program of frame structure used the MATLAB language which is divide in 4th generation language is presented. In this paper, the proposed program using MATLB language to be based upon the composition of general CAE program is composed to preprocess, solver and post-process procedure. And it is able to carried out the static and eigenvalue analysis of truss structure and two dimensional frame structure. Also, for the sample pre-processing and post-processing, it is used the characteristic of input window and plot window to be made of the various GUI function. Each finite elements to be required for analysis is formulated by the Galerkin's method, as a kind of weighted residual method. For check of the results of calculation for program used in this paper, the results to be calculated using program to be developed by the author was compared with its of ANSYS code for general structural analysis about two dimensional truss and frame structure.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.155-181
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• 2016

In the present paper we discuss the stability and the post-buckling behaviour of thin piezoelastic plates. The first part of the paper is concerned with the modelling of such plates. We discuss the constitutive modelling, starting with the three-dimensional constitutive relations within Voigt's linearized theory of piezoelasticity. Assuming a plane state of stress and a linear distribution of the strains with respect to the thickness of the thin plate, two-dimensional constitutive relations are obtained. The specific form of the linear thickness distribution of the strain is first derived within a fully geometrically nonlinear formulation, for which a Finite Element implementation is introduced. Then, a simplified theory based on the von Karman and Tsien kinematic assumption and the Berger approximation is introduced for simply supported plates with polygonal planform. The governing equations of this theory are solved using a Galerkin procedure and cast into a non-dimensional formulation. In the second part of the paper we discuss the stability and the post-buckling behaviour for single term and multi term solutions of the non-dimensional equations. Finally, numerical results are presented using the Finite Element implementation for the fully geometrically nonlinear theory. The results from the simplified von Karman and Tsien theory are then verified by a comparison with the numerical solutions.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.1105-1126
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• 2015

Many vibrating mechanical systems from the real life are modeled as combined dynamical systems consisting of beams to which spring-mass secondary systems are attached. In most of the publications on this topic, masses of the helical springs are neglected. In a paper (Cha et al. 2008) published recently, the eigencharacteristics of an arbitrary supported Bernoulli-Euler beam with multiple in-span helical spring-mass systems were determined via the solution of the established eigenvalue problem, where the springs were modeled as axially vibrating rods. In the present article, the authors used the assumed modes method in the usual sense and obtained the equations of motion from Lagrange Equations and arrived at a generalized eigenvalue problem after applying a Galerkin procedure. The aim of the present paper is simply to show that one can arrive at the corresponding generalized eigenvalue problem by following a quite different way, namely, by using the so-called "characteristic force" method. Further, parametric investigations are carried out for two representative types of supporting conditions of the bending beam.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.239-252
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• 2019

Since conical sandwich shells are important structures in the modern industries, in this paper, for the first time, vibration behavior of the truncated conical sandwich shells which include temperature dependent porous FG face sheets and temperature dependent homogeneous core in various thermal conditions are investigated. A high order theory of sandwich shells which modified by considering the flexibility of the core and nonlinear von Karman strains are utilized. Power law rule which modified by considering the two types of porosity volume fractions are applied to model the functionally graded materials. By utilizing the Hamilton's energy principle, and considering the in-plane and thermal stresses in the face-sheets and the core, the governing equations are obtained. A Galerkin procedure is used to solve the equations in a simply supported boundary condition. Uniform, linear and nonlinear temperature distributions are used to model the effect of the temperature changing in the sandwich shell. To verify the results of this study, they are compared with FEM results obtained by Abaqus software and for special cases with the results in literatures. Eigen frequencies variations are surveyed versus the temperature changing, geometrical effects, porosity, and some others in the numerical examples.