• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.471-482
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• 2001

Infantile Convulsion, one of common emergency symptoms in pediatrics, arises from sudden derangement of the central nerve system, and can cause a sudden loss of consciousness and spasm. It falls into three categories: Acute Infantile Convulsion, Chronic Infantile Convulsion and Chronic Spleen Convulsion. According to research, approximately 6~7% of all babies undergo spasm more than once. Since the treatment must be done immediately, acupuncture & moxibustion treatment can be one of the most important treatments in this Particular case. Therefore, the focus of this study is on how acupuncture & moxibustion can be utilized in the treatment of Infantile Convulsion, and the literary findings are as follows: 1. The meridian points used on acute infantile convulsion are Sugu(GV26), T'aech'ung(Liv3), Hapkok(LI4). 2. The meridians used on acute infantile convulsion are Governor Vessel(GV), Bladder Meridian(BL), Stomach Meridian(ST). 3. The meridian points used on accompanied symptoms with acute infantile convulsion are Haenggan(Liv2), Yangnungch'on(Liv3) on spasm, Paek'oe(GV14) on opisthotonus, Kokchi(LI11), Taech'u(GV14) on fever, Nogung(P8), Yongch'on(K1) on fainting spell, Chok-samri(S36) on body weakness. 4. The meridian points used on chronic infantile convulsion are Shinguol(CV8), Ch'onchj'u(S25), T'aech'ung(Liv3), Kwanwon(CV4), Ch'ukt'aek(L5). 5. The meridians used on chronic infantile convulsion are Conception Vessel(CV), Governor Vessel(GV), Stomach Meridian(ST). 6. The meridian points used on accompanied symptoms with chronic infantile convulsion are Ch'onchj'u(S25), Kolli(CV11) on diarrhea, Taenung(P7), Shinmun(H7) on fainting spell, Kansu(B18), T'aech'ung(Liv3) on spasm. 7. The meridian Points and meridians are Paek'oe(GV14), Sangsung(GV23), Sugu(GV26) of Governor Vessel(GV) and Choiyung(CV16), Shinguol(CV16) of Conception Vessel(CV) and Taedon(Liv1), Changmun(Liv13).

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 2011

Objectives : To classify needling or moxibustion-prohibited acupoints in Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand in Gold (EFWTG) and Supplement to the Formulas Worth a Thousand in Gold (SFWTG). Methods : We found needling or moxibustion-prohibited acupoints in EFWTG and SFWTG, then investigated the influences of needling or moxibustion-prohibited acupoints on A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. Results : In EFWTG, the needling-prohibited points were LI13, ST17, BL56, TE8, CV8, CV15 and GV24. Acupoints needed careful needling were LU2, ST12, KI2, KI7, TE19, GB3 and jwagak. The moxibustion-prohibited points were LU3, LU8, ST1, ST8, ST9, ST17, ST32, ST33, BL6, BL30, TE18, TE23, GB33, GB42, CV5, CV15, GV6, GV15, GV16 and GV17. Acupoints needed careful moxibustion were ST7, ST30, TE21 and GB22. In SFWTG, the needling-prohibited points were LU2, LI13, ST12, ST17, ST32, BL56, KI2, KI7, TE8, TE19, GB3, CV8, CV15, GV24 and jwagak. The moxibustion-prohibited points were LU3, LU8, ST1, ST7, ST8, ST9, ST17, ST30, ST32, ST33, BL6, BL30, TE18, TE23, GB22, GB33, GB42, CV5, CV15, GV6, GV15, GV16, GV17 and ijung. Conclusions : There were 7 needling-prohibited points, 7 acupoints needed careful needling, 20 moxibustion-prohibited points, and 4 acupoints needed careful needling in EFWTG, and 15 needling-prohibited points and 24 moxibustion-prohibited points in SFWTG. The needling or moxibustion-prohibited acupoints in A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion had a strong influence on those in the two literatures.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.177-192
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• 2004

Objectives : This study is designed to investigate the pathology, acupuncture and moxibustion therapy applicable of the dementia through literature of oriental medicine. Results : The findings of this study are as follows ; 1. The cause of dementia is internal damage of seven emotions(七情內傷), deficiency of the kidney essence(腎精不足), retention of dampness in the mental(痰迷心竅). 2. The acupuncture meridians used often for dementia are $Tok-maek(GV),\;Chok-t'aeyang\;Pang-gwang-Ky\check{o}ng(BL),\;Chok-yangm\check{o}yng\;Wi-Ky\check{o}ng(ST),\;Su-gwor\check{u}m\;Shimp'o-Ky\check{o}ng(PC),\;Su-so\check{u}m\;Shim-Ky\check{o}ng(HT)$. 3. The spots on the body suiTable for acupuncture used for therapy of the dementia are 98 points and extra points are 6 points, total therapeutic acupunture points are 104 points. And acupunture points are frequently used Shinmun(神門-HT7, 24), Paek'oe(百會-GV20, 19), Chok-samni(足三里-ST36, 18), Sugu(水溝-GV26, 17), P'ungnyung(豊隆-ST40, 16), Taech'u(大椎-GV14, 14), $Sam\check{u}mgyo(三陰交-SP6,\;14)$, Shimsu(心兪-BL15, 14), $Taen\check{u}ng(大陵-PC7,\;11)$, Nogung(勞宮-PC8, 11), Sosang(少商-LU11, 10), Kansa(間使-PC5, 10), Naegwan(內關-PC6, 10). 4. The acupoints used often on moxibustion are Paek'oe(百會-GV20), Chang-gang(長强-GV1), Taech'u(大椎-GV14), Kansa(間使-PC5). Conclusion : It is recommended that further study of many sided investigations in the future.

• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2010

Purpose : This study was performed to compare the characteristics of digital infrared thermographic imaging(DITI) in polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) patients with regulary cycling controls. Methods : We studied 19 patients visiting ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ korean hospital from 7th May 2010 to 8th January 2011. The subjects were categorized in two groups. 8 PCOS patients and 11 healthy regularly cycling controls. We investigated the difference of DITI between two groups by Mann-Whitney U-test using SPSS for window (version 17.0). Results : The average temperatures of five points(In-dang(EX-HN3), GV4, GV6, GV12, GV17) between PCOS and non-PCOS groups showed a little difference though p-value is not less than 0.05. The DITI differences of PCOS group between In-dang and thorax or between In-dang and abdomen showed lower than those of non-PCOS group though not a statistical significant level. Conculsion : The results suggest that DITI differences between PCOS and non-PC OS groups need to be developed to some degree for the diagnosis tool of PCOS.

• BMB Reports
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2005

Choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (ChfuGV) infection results two types of enveloped virions: Occlusion-derived virus (ODV) and budded virus (BV). Structural proteins ODVP-6E/ODV-E56 and p74 are two major conserved ODV-associated proteins that may be involved in the initiation of viral infection cycle in susceptible host insect larvae. This study presents the characterization of ChfuGV odvp-6e/odv-e56 and p74 transcription and translation as well as immunolocalization of these proteins in the occluded ChfuGV virion. Our results revealed that the transcription of odvp-6e/odv-e56 and p74 genes, both, start at 24 hours post infection (h p.i.). Using monospecific polyclonal antibodies made against ODVP-6E/ODV-E56 and p74 we demonstrated that these proteins are both expressed late in infection (24 h p.i.). Immunogold labeling using antisera against ODVP-6E/ODV-E56 and p74 proteins demonstrated that ODVP-6E/ODV-E56 and p74 proteins are both associated with the ODV envelop of ChfuGV.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2023

Background/Aims: Gastric varices (GV) are present in 25% of cirrhotic patients with high rates of rebleeding and mortality. Data on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided treatment in severe liver disease (model for end stage liver disease sodium [MELD-Na] >18 and Child-Turcotte-Pugh [CTP] C with GV) are scarce. Thus, we performed a retrospective comparison of endoscopic glue injection with EUS-guided therapy in cirrhotic patients with large GV. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in the tertiary hospitals of India. A total of 80 patients were recruited. The inclusion criteria were gastroesophageal varices type 2, isolated gastric varices type 1, bleeding within 6 weeks, size of GV >10 mm, and a MELD-Na >18. Treatment outcomes and complications of endoscopic glue injection and EUS-guided GV therapy were compared. Results: In this study, the patients' age, sex, liver disease severity (CTP, MELD-Na) and clinical parameters were comparable. The median number of procedures, injected glue volume, complications, and GV obturation were better in the EUS group, respectively. On subgroup analysis of the EUS method (e.g., direct gastric fundus vs. paragastric collateral [PGC] coil placement), PGC coil placement showed decreased coil requirement, less injected glue volume, decreased luminal coil extrusion, and increased successful GV obturation. Conclusions: EUS-guided treatment is more efficient and safer, and requires a smaller number of treatment sessions, as compared to endoscopic treatment in severe liver disease patients with large GV. Furthermore, PGC coil placement increases the complete obliteration of GV.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.150-161
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• 2019

Objectives : The authors aimed at contributing to the safety of acupuncture in the clinic by analyzing the information of contraindicated acupoints described in Uihakipmun. Methods : We investigated the contents related acupuncture contraindications in Uihakipmun, categorized the contraindicated acupoints by site and identified whether they can cause adverse events from the anatomical point of view. Results : In Uihakipmun, 49 acupoints - BL6, BL8, BL9, ST1, SI18, BL1, BL2, TE18, TE19, TE20, GB1, GB3, GV22, GV24, ST12, ST9, TE16, GV6, BL15, BL30, CV17, LU2, GB22, SP16, CV8, CV9, CV15, KI11, ST30, SP11, BL56, GB32, GB33, GB42, LI13, HT2, TE8, GV17, GB18, EX-HN11, GB21, GV11, GV10, ST17, CV5, CV1, ST42, SP6, LI4 - were described as contraindicated acupoints. Among them, the contraindications induced by acupuncture treatment were described for just 5 acupoints. Anatomically, acupuncture stimulation at the contraindicated acupoints can cause organ, nerve or vessel damage near the acupoints. And the number of contraindicated acupoints in Uihakipmun was increased compared to those in Hwangjenaegyeong, Chimgugabeulgyeong, Bigeupcheongeumyobang, Donginsuhyeolchimgudogyeong and Chimgujasaenggyeong. Conclusions : In Ming dynasty, the knowledge associated with adverse events on acupuncture was increased by the accumulation of medical knowledge. Acupuncture stimulation at the contraindicated acupoints described in Uihakipmun can cause tissue damage, therefore we should perform acupuncture procedure carefully to avoid adverse events when stimulating the contraindicated acupoints.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2003

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of morphology, preservation and reproductive cycle of oocytes in vitro maturation of cats oocytes and development of IVM embryos. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Nuclear status of GV and MI of in vitro cultured(24 h) oocytes with and whithout cumulus cells were 74.3% and 25.7%, 28.6% and 11.4%, 77.1% and 5.7%, respectively, The rate of oocytes with cumulus cells was higher than that of denuded oocytes. 2. Nuclear status of GV and MI of in vitro cultured(24 h) oocytes recovered from ovaries collected at different stages of the reproductive cycle(inactive, follicular and luteal) were 88.6% and 6.5%, 60.0% and 11.4%, 77.1% and 5.7%, respectively. 3. Nuclear status of fresh and salts-stored oocytes with and whithout cumulus cells were 74.3%, 25.7% and 37.1%, 11.4% and 57.1%, 13.3%, 17.1%, 3.3%, respectively. The rate of oocytes with cumulus cells(13.3%∼74.3%) was higher than that of denuded oocytes(3.3%∼57.1%).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.12-40
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• 1983

Heading behaviour of native japonica (GI) and Japanese varieties (GII) grown during 1910-1920s were thermo-sensitive, home bred varieties during 1930s (GIII) - 1950s (GIV) were photo-sensitive and semi-dwarf indica derived varieties released since 1971 (GV) were controlled by basic vegetative phase. Number of leaves on main culm was increased with varietal improvement and culm length was gradually shortened as variety improved. GV variety had the shortest plant height among the groups. The first internode length was about 30cm in all groups and difference of 2nd-4th internode length was caused shortening the culm length. Panicle length and diameter of panicle neck were shortened and became thinner as variety developed from GI to GIV, however, GV had longer panicle and thick panicle neck, respectively. Number of panicles/hill and straw weight/hill increased and became heavier as variety improve from GI to GIV but GV had moderate number of panicle/hill and relatively light straw weight. Number of spikelet/panicle has been reduced with varietal improvement but GV had the biggest number. Grain yield/hill also increased as variety improved, however, it was decreased as transplanting season postponed and GV had shown the most sensitive difference. Top dry matter weight at heading stage and at 20 days after heading (20 DAH) had no difference among the groups except GI which was the smallest. Average grain weight at 20 DAH was heavier in the order of GI > GII, GV > GIV > GIII. It had a little variation in GI & GII while that of other variety group showed significant decrease as transplanting delayed. Harvest index (HI) of GV was the highest at 54% for the earlier transplanting and GIII had the lowest HI. Difference of HI became conspicuous for the later transplanting, the varieties bred later had the lower HI when transplanting of rice delayed. At the earliest transplanting applied (May 15), the grain yield was higher in the order of GI > GIV > GIII > GII > GI, however, that of Tongil type variety (GV) was the lowest for the latest transplanting (June 29). Interrelationship among the agronomical characteristics and grain yield was discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.70-78
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was aimed at examining the effects of the application of EA (electroacupuncture) at GV20 and LI4 in the early cerebral ischemia on the size of cerebral infarction, COX-2 and IL-6. Methods : For this experiment, 21, six-week-old male S-D (Sprague - Dawley) rats weighting 160g to 200g were selected and randomly classified into 3 groups, seven rats in each group. Brain ischemia was simulated using a modified Koizumi method which was performed on each rat. In the GV20 group, the GV20 of the SD rats was stimulated for thirty minutes with acupunctural electrode low frequency stimulator five hours after inducement of ischemia. For the LI4 group, the LI4 was stimulated as above, while for the Ischemia group, no stimulation was applied. Twenty-four hours after the experiment, stained cerebral tissues were examined and an immuno-histological test was done to examine inflammatory reaction Results : Out of the three groups, the LI4 group showed the smallest size of cerebral infarction and the Ischemia group showed the highest COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) expression value in the cortex of the cerebrum. In addition, the LI4 group showed the lowest COX-2 expression value in unknown putamen out of the three groups. Conclusions : We infer that EA, applied at LI4 and GV20 in early ischemia, is effective in delaying the expression of IL-6 (interleukin-6) and COX-2, the inflammatory agents manifested from stroke. In addition, application at LI4, rather than GV20, can lower the expression value of the inflammatory agents. Further, EA can be an effective way to block early inflammatory reaction in stroke.