• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 1998

From march 1993 to march 1998, twenty consecutive transmetacarpal replantations and revascularizations were reviewed retrospectively. Nine patients sustained severe and diffuse crush injuries, four patients had local crush injuries, and seven suffered guillotine type amputation. Six replantations and fourteen revascularizations were performed. 76 of 81 replantable digits(93%) were salvaged. 15 patients required secondary surgery, 10 patients for tendon and joint scarring and 5 for nonunions or malunions. Intrinsic muscle function and pinch and grip strengths were weak or absent. According to Chen's grading system of functional return, 2(10%) were grade I, 6(30%) were grade II, 10(50%) were grade III, and 2(10%) grade IV. The follow-up period ranged from 6months to 46 months. Only 3 patients resumed his prior occupation(one as a supervisor); 2 were permanently disabled, 4 pursued new occupations as a manual worker, 1 were still in therapy. Only two of the manual laborers were able to return to their preinjury occupation. Despite these unacceptable functional results, all patients were satisfied with the surgery.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.298-305
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• 2018

Rhomboid family member 2 gene (Rhbdf2) is an inactive homologue lacking essential catalytic residues of rhomboid intramembrane serine proteases. The protein is necessary for maturation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$) converting enzyme, which is the molecule responsible for the release of $TNF-{\alpha}$. In this study, Rhbdf2 knockout (KO) mice were produced by CRISPR/CAS9. To see the effects of the failure of $TNF-{\alpha}$ release induced by Rhbdf2 gene KO, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), which is the representative $TNF-{\alpha}$ related disease, was induced in the Rhbdf2 mutant mouse using chicken collagen type II. The severity of the CIA was measured by traditional clinical scores and histopathological analysis of hind limb joints. A rota-rod test and grip strength test were employed to evaluate the severity of CIA based on losses of physical functions. The results indicated that Rhbdf2 mutant mice showed clear alleviation of the clinical severity of CIA as demonstrated by the significantly lower severity indexes. Moreover, a grip strength test was shown to be useful for the evaluation of physical functional losses by CIA. Overall, the results showed that the Rhbdf2 gene has a significant effect on the induction of CIA, which is related to $TNF-{\alpha}$.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1258-1266
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• 2019

Yangkyuksanhwa-Tang (YKSH), consisting of nine different herbs, is commonly used in Soyangin-type individuals with stroke, based on the Sasang Constitution Theory in Korea. However, no evidence has yet confirmed a beneficial effect of YKSH in ischemic stroke treatment. In this study, we investigated the effects of YKSH on ischemic brain injury in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia. Focal cerebral ischemia in mice was induced by photothrombosis, and behavioral recovery was evaluated. Infarct volume, inflammation, and newly generated cells were evaluated by histology and immunochemistry. YKSH treatment resulted in a significant recovery from the motor impairments induced by focal cerebral ischemia, as determined with wire grip and rotarod tests. YKSH treatment also decreased the infarct volume and the number of cells positive for tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ and myeloperoxidase when compared with a vehicle-treated control group. By contrast, YKSH treatment considerably increased the number of cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, as well as the number of cells doubly positive for Ki67/doublecortin when compared with the vehicle-treated group. These results suggest that YKSH treatment attenuated the infarct size by anti-inflammatory action, astrocyte and microglia activation, and neuronal proliferation, thereby facilitating neurofunctional recovery from a cerebral ischemic assault. YKSH could therefore be a potential treatment for neurofunctional restoration of the injured brains of patients with stroke.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.339-349
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• 2005

For recent years, data broadcast technology has been recognized as a very effective data delivery mechanism in mobile computing environment with a large number of cli;ents. Especially, a hybrid broadcast algorithm in real-time environment, which integrates one-way broadcast and on-demand broadcast, has an advantage of adapting the requests of clients to a limited up-link bandwidth and following the change of data access pattern. However, previous hybrid broadcasting algorithms has a problem in the methods to get a grip on the change of data access Pattern. It is caused by the diminution of requests for the data items which are contained in periodic broadcasting schedule because they are already broadcasted. To solve this problem, existing researches may remove data items in periodic broadcasting schedule over a few cycles multiplying cooling factor or find out the requests of data items with extracting them on purpose. Both of them are the artificial methods not considering the property of data. In this paper, we propose a real-time adaptive hybrid broadcasting based on data type(RTAHB-DT) to broadcast considering data property and analysis the performance of our aigorithm through simulation study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.106 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 2017

This study was carried to develop the chip-harvester and to analysis the operation productivity and cost for effective collection and forwarding of forest biomass. Main target specification of chip-harvester is speed of 8km/h, maximum climbing capacity of $30^{\circ}$ and maximum load capability of 2000 kg. Body structure is articulate type to reduce turning radius. Driving equipment is six-wheel drive, and a rear wheel is tandem bogie type to increase grip force. As a result of the driving test about developed chip-harvester, driving speed was 6.9 km/hr and 8.1 km/hr in ${\pm}10%$ slope with loaded and 7.3 km/hr and 7.9 km/hr in ${\pm}10%$ slope without load. As a result of the operation productivity and cost, operation productivity of grinding and forwarding was approximately $10m^3$ per day, and operation cost was 393,126 won per day.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.294-303
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• 2023

This study was to find out the differences in self-esteem, body composition, and muscle strength of middle-aged women, and nine physical labor groups were selected as beautification workers at D University in Cheonan, and a total of 17 were selected as non-physical labor groups were 8 full-time housewives living in Cheonan. After selecting the subjects, the subjects arrived 30 minutes before the start of the experiment and completed the self-esteem questionnaire. After taking the stability, the measurement was carried out in the order of body composition, grip strength, and isokinetic muscle function, and the independent sample t-test was conducted. First, middle-aged women's self-esteem according to the type of physical labor was high in the physical labor group in relation to others among the sub-factors. Second, there was no significant difference in body composition according to the physical labor patterns of middle-aged women. Third, there was no significant difference in lower limb isokinetic muscular strength according to the types of physical labor of middle-aged women. Third, there was no significant difference in lower limb isokinetic muscular strength according to the types of physical labor of middle-aged women. The self-esteem according to physical labor is caused by the sense of belonging in the workplace, and the difference between body composition and muscular strength is insignificant. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a physical activity program to promote self-esteem due to aging and prevent physical deterioration regardless of occupation.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2014

Oriental melon (Cucumis melo var. makuwa) should be cultivated on the soil and be harvested. It is difficult to find because it is covered with leaves, and furthermore, it is very hard to grip it due to its climbing stems. This study developed and tested oriental melon harvesting robots such as an end-effector, manipulator and identification device. The end effector is divided into a gripper for harvest and a cutter for stems. In addition, it was designed to control the gripping and cutting forces so that the gripper could move four fingers at the same time and the cutter could move back and forth. The manipulator was designed to realize a 4-axis manipulator structure to combine orthogonal coordinate-type and shuttle-type manipulators with L-R type model to rotate based on the central axis. With regard to the identification device, oriental melon was identified using the primary identification global view camera device and secondary identification local view camera device and selected in the prediction of the sugar content or maturity. As a result of the performance test using this device, the average harvest time was 18.2 sec/ea, average pick-up rate was 91.4%, average damage rate was 8.2% and average sorting rate was 72.6%.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.6A
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• pp.457-464
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• 2011

An experimental study was performed to evaluate the possibility of using stiff type PolyUrea(PU) on RC slab as a strengthening material. Stiff type PU(STPU) was sprayed on the bottom surface of the slab specimens, which were then attached with CFRP or GFRP sheets. Also the evaluation of the bond capacity, the single most influential parameter on strengthening of RC structures, was carried out the flexural capacity evaluation test results showed that the load carrying capacity of the PU specimen was greater and less than the unstrengthened and FRP sheet attached specimens, respectively. The STPU specimens showed a ductile flexural behavior in the plastic displacement range. With respect to bond capacity, the bond strength of all of the specimen exceeded the code required bond strength of 1.5 MPa. Also, the STPU sprayed specimen without using epoxy resin did not peel off when the tensile grip was applied for testing. The stability of the PU bond failure indicate a good bond strength of PU when applied to concrete.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2011

Genetic Identification has become an important forensic investigation method which discerns identity through analysis of physical samples discovered in various crime scenes. Recently more samples are being requested to undergo A-STR analysis of low copy number (LCN) DNA, which is known as touch evidence-type sample and left on various objects such as a pen briefly used by the criminal, the gear of the car used for driving, the handle, and various buttons inside a car. This research attempted to extract the LCN DNA of the touch evidencetype left on crushed fingerprints on firearms, etc. and examine the genotyping success rate. Four types of firearms (M16, K1A, COLT 45 Pistol, M29 Revolver) were fired individually and physical samples were gathered from four parts of each firearm. Subsequently, in order to extract the LCN DNA, Microkit and $Prepfiler^{TM}$ were used to compare and analyze the quantity of DNA extracted and the genotyping success rate. Analysis results showed that the quantity of DNA extracted by $Prepfiler^{TM}$ was on average 1.7 times higher than that of Microkit, and in genotype analysis success rate $Prepfiler^{TM}$ also demonstrated 24.9% on average in contrast to 0% for Microkit. In regards to the grip part of the K1A, $Prepfiler^{TM}$'s success rate was as high as 50.6%.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2012

To investigate the biochemical nature of changes in vaginal physiology during estrus and pregnancy, we examined the cytology and viscosity, and monitored the protein expression profile in vaginal mucus during estrus and pregnancy. The viscosity progressively decreased from estrus to pregnancy. Cell type analysis revealed that white blood cells progressively increased from estrus to pregnancy, while red blood cells progressively decreased during pregnancy. The cornification index (CI) was higher in estrus than in pregnancy. Protein mass spectrumetry identified the presence of ribosome-binding protein 1, GRIP 1 (Glutamate receptor-interacting protein 1)-associated protein 1, DUF729 (Domain of unknown function729) domain-containing protein 1, prolactin precursor, dihydrofolatereductase, and MMP (Matrix metalloprotease)-9 in vaginal mucus. MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in the vaginal mucus were active throughout estrus and gestation, as measured by a gelatinase assay, but most abundant in the vaginal mucus on day 0 of estrus. Results from ELISA of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were in accordance with the gelatinase assay. In light of the crucial role of metalloproteinases in extracellular matrix remodeling, the level of MMP-9 in vaginal mucus might be useful as an indicator of estrus and pregnancy to increase the efficiency of reproduction.