• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.96-104
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• 2018

Purpose: This study compared factors related to fear of falling among women in the early phase of old age based on hand grip strength. Methods: Researchers obtained data of 1,071 women who had participated in the 4th Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results: In both groups, fear of falling was positively correlated with falling experience within two years, osteoarthritis-related leg pain, depression, and instrumental daily life abilities; however, self-rated health was negatively correlated. In the low hand grip strength group, self-rated health, osteoarthritis-related leg pain, and hand grip strength accounted for 21.3% of the variance regarding fear of falling. In the normal hand grip strength group, age, self-rated health, fall experience within two years, osteoarthritis-related leg pain, and depression significantly accounted for 16.6% of the variance regarding fear of falling. Conclusion: In applying interventions to prevent falling in women in the early phase of old age, health care workers must verify if women have low hand grip strength and determine whether to focus on fitness improvement through exercise interventions or consider psychological interventions for depression.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.117-126
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWT) on pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function in patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis and to provide an effective intervention method for lateral epicondylitis. Methods: Twenty patients with lateral epicondylitis were randomly assigned to the ESWT group (n = 10) and the stretching exercise group (n = 10). Interventions in both groups were performed six times twice a week for three weeks. The visible analog scale (VAS) was used to measure pain change. A dynamometer was used to measure grip strength (GS). Patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) was used to measure the upper-extremity function. Results: There were significant differences in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function in both groups before and after intervention (p < 0.05). There were also significant differences in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function between the groups after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed very positive improvement in pain, grip strength, and upper-extremity function after ESWT in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Therefore, ESWT can be recommended for patients with lateral epicondylitis.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.50-55
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• 2019

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical and cognitive functions and to examine the effects of resistive Theraband® exercise on sarcopenia-associated variables in the older population. [Methods] A total of 28 elderly women (age: 69.90 ± 0.8 years) participated in this study, 15 of whom underwent elastic band exercise for 1 hour per day, twice per week for 8 weeks. The correlation analysis was conducted to identify the associations between body composition, skeletal muscle mass indices, grip strength, and physical and cognitive functions. All variables were assessed at baseline and post-exercise. [Results] Skeletal muscle mass was significantly associated with grip strength and physical function. Gait speed was positively correlated with grip strength and physical function, but not with cognitive function. Theraband® exercise significantly improved gait speed and physical function. [Conclusion] The present data suggest that skeletal muscle mass is highly correlated with grip strength and physical function. Eight weeks of resistive Theraband® exercise favorably affects sarcopenia by improving gait speed and mobility of elderly women.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

The purpose of this study, during the lifting task was researching the difference and a relationship between the ground reaction force and the grip strength by change of position. After grip strength has measured in symmetry position and asymmetry position at 45cm and 75cm of height of hand, ground reaction force was measured by same attitude lifting wooden box. We analyzed the difference of grip strength and ground reaction force in each position change. The results of grip strength, the grip strength of both hand were significant difference that in study subject symmetry and asymmetry position (p<0.01). The results of symmetry lifting task, the study subjects was significant difference of the ground reaction force difference by height (p<0.05). Asymmetry lifting task was significant difference of ground reaction force difference by direction of rotation was changed (p<0.01). The result of it will rotate with non-dominant hand side of lifting tasks from height 75cm where it easily maintains a balance possibility and decreasing the load of the hand. Therefore, from the workshop in the work people, it will be between the height 75cm and non-dominant hand side of trunk rotatory direction in the lifting tasks. Future study is necessary researched about the change of grip strength when the height of the hand is higher, and the difference of the ground reaction force when the change of weight.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.59-62
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• 2018

Background: Several grip strength tests are commonly used for detecting sincerity of effort. However, there is still no widely accepted standardized sincerity of effort test. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether grip strength test in three wrist positions could distinguish between maximal and submaximal efforts. Methods: Twenty healthy individuals (10 men and 10 women) with a mean age of $26.7{\pm}3.92years$ participated in this study. All participants completed two test conditions (maximal and submaximal efforts) in three wrist positions (neutral, flexion, and extension) using both hands. Each participant exerted 100% effort in the maximal effort condition and 50% effort in the submaximal effort condition. The participants performed three repetitions of the grip strength test for each session. Results: The results showed that there is a significant main effect of the type of effort (p < 0.001), wrist position (p < 0.001), and hand (p = 0.028). There were also significant types of effort and wrist position interactions (p < 0.001) and effort and hand interactions (p < 0.028). The results also showed that grip strength was highest at the wrist in neutral position in both the maximal and the submaximal effort condition. Grip strength values of the three wrist positions in the maximal effort condition were noticeably greater than those in the submaximal effort condition. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that grip strength test in three wrist positions can differentiate a maximal effort from a submaximal effort. Thus, this test could potentially be used to detect sincerity of effort in clinical setting.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.130-139
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Tai Chi exercise on muscle strength, grip strength, flexibility, pain, depression and self-efficacy in patients with osteoarthritis. Method: With a quasi-experimental design, 46 persons with osteoarthritis were assigned into an experimental group (n=22) or a control group (n=24). Muscle strength, grip strength, flexibility, pain, depression and self-efficacy were measured both before and after the exercise. Data were analyzed with SPSS WIN using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANCOVA. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 68 years in the experimental group and 64 years in the control group. After controlling for age and pre-test outcome variables, muscle strength scores (F=-14.8, p= .00), grip strength scores (Rt: F=8.40, p= .01), and self-efficacy (F=47.3, p= .00) improved more in the experimental group than the control group. Joint pain scores (F=15.0, p= .00) and depression scores (F=14.7, p= .00) decreased in the experimental group. Conclusion: Tai Chi exercise is likely to be an effective nursing intervention to improve muscle strength, grip strength, and self-efficacy and reduce pain and depression for patients with osteoarthritis.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.424-431
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of hand acupoint massages on ADL ability and grip strength of stroke patients. Method: This study was designed as a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group for pre and post-test. Twenty-eight patients were assigned to the experimental group and thirty to the control group. The hand acupoint massage was applied to both hands of the experimental group for sixteen minutes each time, a total of 15 times during five weeks. The patient's ADL ability and grip strength were measured before and after the program. The data were analyzed with mean. percent, chi-square, a paired t-test and t-test. Result: The level of ADL ability was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Also, the level of grip strength was significantly higher in the experimental group of the plegic side than in the control group, but not in the normal side. Conclusion: We have found that the hand acupoint massage helps the stroke patients improve their ADL ability and grip strength. Through this result, the hand acupoint massage could be considered as an effective application for rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients after stroke.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.145-153
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• 2015

Purpose: The current study aims to identify the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on pain and grip strength in patients with cervical herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) and provide effective interventions for such patients. Methods: Included in this study were 20 subjects (10 men, 10 women) in their 30s-50s who had been diagnosed with cervical HIVD. Intervention methods included PNF neck patterns, dynamic reversal of antagonists, and a combination of isotonics. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure pain and dynamometers were used to measure grip strength. Results: After four weeks of muscle strengthening exercises, neck pain was significantly reduced, and hand grip strength significantly increased. Conclusion: PNF can be utilized as an effective intervention to reduce the pain of patients with cervical HIVD and to increase grip strength.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of the simultaneous application of the combination of isotonics (CI) in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and sport taping on the pain and grip strength of patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis among H badminton club members and to provide intervention methods for lateral epicondylitis. Methods: The subjects included 10 patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis. The CI technique in PNF as well as sport taping were applied to the subjects five times per week for two weeks. The visible analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure decreasing changes in pain, and a grip dynamometer was used to measure grip strength (GS). Paired sample t-tests were conducted to compare values measured before and after the experiment in order to determine differences. Results: The intensities of pain of the experimental groups changed significantly between the times before and after the experiment (p<0.05), and grip strength also changed significantly from the time before after the experiment (p<0.05). Conclusion: When the CI technique of PNF as well as sport taping were applied to patients with lateral epicondylitis, the patients showed significant improvements in pain and grip strength. Since the intervention had quite positive effects on the subjects that complained of lateral epicondylitis by reducing their pain and increasing their grip strength, studies of efficient exercise interventions will be continuously conducted to propose the development of intervention programs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the changes in the handgrip strength, dexterity, and hand function according to the presence or absence of gloves and types of gloves. METHODS: Seventy-six adults in their twenties (male: 24, female: 52, mean age 21.04 years) were the subjects of this study. The handgrip strength, dexterity, and hand function were evaluated with bare hands without gloves, poly gloves, and latex gloves. The handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer, and three pinch strength tests were performed: tip pinch, lateral pinch, and three-jaw pinch. The hand dexterity was evaluated using the Minnesota manual dexterity test, and the hand function was evaluated using the Jabson-Taylor hand function test. RESULTS: There was no difference in the grip strength depending on whether the gloves were worn. The hand grip, dexterity, and hand function showed significant differences according to the type of glove. Regarding the handgrip, dexterity, and hand function, the latex glove had the best function, and the poly glove had the lowest function. CONCLUSION: There was a difference in dexterity among the hand functions but no difference in grip strength according to the type of glove. The results suggest that the use of latex gloves in daily life be recommended.