• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1401-1407
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• 2003

A survey of consumers' awareness and attitudes about genetically modified food and korean labelling regulation entered into force in July, 2001 was conducted from October, 2001 to January 2002. The questionnaires were distributed to 519 consumers who are members of panel survey system of Korea Consumer Protection Board and lived in 7 largest cities of Korea. The consumers were asked about knowledge, concerns of potential hazards, intention of purchasing, and present labelling regulation. More than 85.7% of the respondents had some knowledge on genetically modified (GM) foods. More than 44.9% of consumers relied on the information from the civil activity group but only 9.6% of consumers from the government. The greatest benefit of GM food was thought to be a solution for the food shortage in the future. While, regarding a potential hazard, more than 71.6% of respondents worried about the safety of GM foods. First of all, 52.2% of korean consumer concerned about food toxicity or side effect. 53.2% of consumers responded that they would not purchase GM labelled foods and about 28.0% of respondents suspended judgement on willingness to purchase until they would get more information. Regarding complement field of present GMO labelling regulation, over 45.2% of consumers responded that labelling was needed to be more easily found. Also more than 95.1% of consumers hope to expand a list of mandatory labelling articles.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.677-682
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• 2004

Debates on safety of genetically modified (GM) crops have led to mandatory-labeling legislation of GM foods in many countries including Korea. Effects of heat, pressure, and acid treatments on degradation of DNAs or proteins in GM soybean at levels below detection limits of qualitative PCR and lateral flow strip test (LFST) methods were examined. Results showed that genomic DNAs and proteins were degraded into fragment sizes no longer possible for detection of inserted gene depending on thermal, or thermal and pressure treatment period. Detectaability of LFST for toasted meal increased in weakly treated soybean. DNA and protein detection methods were barely effective for detection of GM ingredient after $121^{\circ}C$ and 1.5 atmospheric treatment for 20 min. These results will be useful in determining GM labeling requirements of processed foods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.166-169
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• 2002

유전자재조합(GM)식품에 대해 듣거나 읽어서 알고 있는 사람이 67%정도 되었고,GM식품을 자발적으로 먹겠다는 사람은 18%를 약간 상회하였고 기다려보고 결정하겠다는 사람들이 약 50%정도였다. 농약 등의 화학물질 오염이나 취급부주의 및 기업인의 윤리의식에 대한 불신에 비해 GM식품에 대한 우려는 매우 적게 나타났으나 GM방법에 의해 개발한 제초제 내성 콩을 먹겠다는 사람은 적은 데 비해 같은 방법으로 개발한 비타민이 많은 콩을 먹겠다는 사람은 많은 것으로 보아 소비자들은 GMO이기 때문에 제초제 내성 콩을 거부하는 것이 아니라, 제초제 내성 콩에 대한 내용의 이해부족으로 인한 거부감을, 그리고 비타민 콩은 비타민이 인체에 중요한 영양소라는 것 때문에 호감을 가지는 것으로 해석되었다. 전체적으로 소비자들이 GMO에 관한 정보를 많이 접하기는 하지만 보통 식품에도 유전자가 있다는 사실을 아는 소비자들이 조사 대상자의 40%정도인 것으로 보아 노출된 만큼 내용을 잘 알지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. GM식품에 대하여는 90%이상이 표시하기를 바라고 있는 것과 같이 2001년 7월부터 가공식품에 GM원료 함유여부 표시제도가 시행되고 있는 데, 이 제도의 시행 사실을 알고 있는 소비자는 22%에 지나지 않았다. 효과적인 표시제도의 시행을 위해서는 일반시민이 제도의 시행에 대해 잘 숙지하고 있어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.271-276
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• 2000

A amylase producing bacteria were isolated from tofu residue and identified as Bacillus sp. according to the morphological and biochemical properties, which were named Bacillus sp. GM7330 and Bacillus sp. GM7312. The cultural condition for the production of amylase was showed on 5% tofu residue added 3% glucose and 0.15% yeast extract. And incubated during 72 hrs at 30。C, Bacillus sp. GM7330 and Bacillus sp. GM7312 were producing amylase of 488 units and 341 units.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.233-237
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• 1999

The bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sp. GM7311 was purified by sequential steps including n-propanol/acetone treatment, CM-cellulose chromatography, and gel filtration on Sephacryl HR-100. The relative activity of bacteriocin increased 493-fold after final purification step with a recovery of 8.3%. Two protein bands of ca. 8,200 and 2,500 were detected by SDSPAGE of bacteriocin purified through CM-cellulose and sephacryl HR-100 chromatography and both of them had bacteriocin activity.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.688-694
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• 2007

To evaluate the human risk of long-term intake of genetically modified (GM) rice, we carried out RT-PCR of housekeeping genes. Housekeeping genes, which show highly uniform expression in living organisms during various stages of development and under different environmental conditions, were normalized by RT-PCR. We assessed the expression of 10 common housekeeping genes (18s rRNA, 25S rRNA, UBC, UBQ5, UBQ10, ACT11, GAPDH, eEF-$1{\alpha}$, ${\beta}$-TUB, GAPDH, ${\beta}$-actin, B2m, G6pd2, Gyk, Gus, Hprt, Cyclophlin A, Tfrc, ${\alpha}$-tubulin and RPL13A) in the liver, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, kidney and spleen of mice fed GM or non-GM rice. We found no significant differences in the expression of housekeeping genes between the two groups of mice.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.553-562
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to promote the consumption of rice by substituting goami powder for flour when making muffins. Goami powder was prepared in different particle sizes by grinding the powder for 5 min. 10 min. 15 min. and 20 min. Precisely 72.62% of the goami powder, particles were smaller than 75 ${\mu}m$, after grinding the powder for 20 min. with a consistency similar to that of flour (78.86%). To determine the optimal amount of water for goami powder muffin batter, the viscosity of both the flour and the goami powder batter was measured. The appropriate water quantity for goami powder muffins was set at 105 mL. The volume index of flour muffins was 132 mL, while that of the goami powder muffin (GM1, GM2, GM3 and GM4) was 123 mL, 119 mL, 119 mL and 118 mL, respectively. The hardness of the flour muffins, measured by a texture analyer, was 2.03${\times}10^3$ g/$cm^2$, The hardnesses of the goami powder muffins were 2.83${\times}10^3$ g/$cm^2$ for GM1, 2.44${\times}10^3$ g/$cm^2$for GM2, 2.33${\times}10^3$ g/$cm^2$ for GM3, and 2.36${\times}10^3$ g/$cm^2$ for GM4. The L-values and moisture content of the goami powder muffins were higher than those of the flour muffins. In a sensory evaluation the overall preference was the highest for flour muffins. However among the goami powder muffins, GM3, which was made with goami powder ground for 15 min. was the most preferred.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2018

In this study, PAT protein of genetically modified maize was prepared from the recombinant E. coli strain BL21 (DE3), and mice were immunized with the recombinant PAT protein. After cell fusion and cloning, two hybridoma cells (PATmAb-7 and PATmAb-12) were chosen since the monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) produced by them were confirmed to be specific to PAT protein in the indirect enzyme-linked immunsorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot tests. There were no cross-reactions of either Mabs to other GM proteins or to the extracts of non-GM maize. The ELISA based on the PATmAb-7 can sensitively detect 0.3 ng/g PAT protein in corn. These results indicate that the developed Mabs can be used as bio-receptors in the development of immunosensors and biosensors for the rapid and simple detection of GM corn adulterated in foods.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2004

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2004