• BMB Reports
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.691-699
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• 2004

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by exaggerated loss of bone mass, with as much as 50 to 85% of the variation in bone mineral density (BMD) commonly accepted as being genetically determined. Although intensive studies have attempted to elucidate the genetic effects of polymorphisms on BMD and/or osteoporosis in several genes, the genes involved are still largely unknown. The possible associations of genetic variants in five-candidate genes (IL10, CCR3, MCP1, MCP2 and GC) with spinal BMD were investigated in Korean postmenopausal women (n = 370). Fourteen SNPs in five candidate genes were genotyped, and the haplotypes of each gene constructed. The associations of adjusted spinal BMD by age, year since menopause (YSM) and body mass index (BMI), with genetic polymorphisms, were analyzed using multiple regression models. Genetic association analysis of Korean postmenopausal women revealed that IL10 -592A > C and/or IL10 ht2 were associated with decreased bone mass, whereas no significant associations were observed with all polymorphisms in other genes. The levels of spinal BMD in individuals bearing the IL10 -592CC genotype were lower ($0.78{\pm}0.16$) than those in others ($0.85{\pm}0.17$) (P = 0.02), and the BMD of IL10 ht2 bearing individuals were also lower ($0.82{\pm}0.15$) than those in others ($0.85{\pm}0.17$) (P = 0.04). Our results suggest that variants of IL10 might play a role in the decreased BMD, although additional study might need to be followed-up in a more powerful cohort.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.460-465
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• 2007

엔도설판류(${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, sulfate)를 UV 및 초음파에너지를 조사하여 분해하였다. 물질의 분해과정은 가스크로마토그래프(GC)와 총유기탄소(TOC)를 분석하여 검토되었다. UV 원으로서 low pressure mercury multilamp(8Wx2)와 초음파발생기를 이용하였으며, 초기농도는 10 mg/L로 하였다. 단일성분에서의 실험결과 엔도설판류(${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, sulfate)의 UV 광분해도는 순서대로 48.2%, 50.0%, 76.5%였으며, 초음파를 이용한 분해에서는 각각 66.9%, 55.8%, 72.7%였다. 3성분 혼합용액에서는 단일성분용액의 분해효율과 달리 엔도설판-sulfate의 분해속도가 급감하여 가장 낮았고 엔도설판 -${\alpha}$, -${\beta}$들은 두드러진 차이를 보이지 않았다. 혼합용액에서 엔도설판-sulfate의 분해속도 감소로부터 엔도설판-${\alpha}$, -${\beta}$와 엔도설판-sulfate 사이의 낮은 평형상수값을 갖는 가역적 반응을 가정할 수 있었다. TOC 분석자료는 엔도설판류의 무기질화가 약 20%~40% 수준으로 진행되었음을 보여주며, 동시에 두 고도처리법이 라디칼분해반응을 유도하면서 상당한 분율의 중간산물을 생성함을 추정할 수 있었다. 또한 엔도설판류의 분해는 유기물 및 TOC 분석자료에 의거하면 모두 겉보기 1차 속도식과 잘 부합되었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 1995

This project has been worked out for isolation of EPA-producing bacteria from marine source of sea water, sea sediment and intestinal contents eviscerated from some red-muscle fish such as mackerel, horse-mackerel and spike fish. The samples were precultured on the media of PPES-II glucose broth and then pure-cultured on Nutrient agar and P-Y-M glucose. Lipids extracted from those bacterial mass collected by centrifugation were analysed in terms of lipid class and fatty acid composition. The results are resumed as follows : 1. 112 strains from sea water and 76 strains from sea sediment were tested for their EPA producing capability, but both strains of (SA-67 and SA-91) from the former and four strains(SS-35, 37, 51 and 71) from the latter have been proved to produce EPA above the level of 2% of total fatty acids. The strains such as GS-11, 29, 31, HM-9, 29, B-18, 33, 107, YL-129, 156, 203, 77, 104 and 256 which were isolated from fish intestinal contents, have also produced EPA at higher level than 2% of total fatty acids. 2. Contents of total lipids extracted from the cultures of these strains grown at $25^{\circ}C$, range from 2.8% to 6.9% (on dry weight %), and they are mainly composed of polar lipids($40.9{\sim}52.9%$) such as phosphatidyl glycerol($^{+}cardiolipin$)(?) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine ($33.8{\sim}40.0%$), with smaller amount of free fatty acid ($11.2{\sim}20.2%$). 3. EPA was isolated from a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters obtained from the lipid of each strain by HPLC in silver-ion mode and was identified by GC-Mass spectrometry. 4. The strains of SW-91, GS-11, GS-29, HM-9, B-18 and YL-203 grown at $25^{\circ}C$ have a level of 5% EPA in their total fatty acids, and the GS-11 and HM-9 strains show a tendency of increase in the EPA level with an increase of growth temperature.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.147-164
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• 1993

A study has been conducted on developing questionnaires to serve as on site diagnostic tools for the early detection of neuropsychiatric impairment among workers chronically exposed to low-level organic solvents. Two drafts of tentative questionnaires have been developed as follows; several question items were selected from questionnaires which were administered to workers exposed to organic solvents in previous studios and were grouped into each symptom category based on the presence of its association using Guttman scaling method, then these selected items were reviewed by neuropsychiatry specialists. The final draft of the questionnaire (total symptom score=36) was developed by selecting 33 question items which had more than a 0.88 Guttman coefficient of reproducibility in each symptom category from a pilot study in which these tentative questionnaires were administered to workers manufacturing soles. Three plants using organic solvents and one plant never using organic solvents as a control group were selected to test the reliability and validity of the developed questionnaires. The major organic solvent in the workplace environment detected by a personal air sampler and GC/MSD nab toluene. The concentration of toluene in air from the department using organic solvent was statistically different from that of the department never using organic solvent. The concentration of toluene from almost all of the workplace did not exceed the allowable level. There was no statistically significant difference between the concentration of urinary hippuric acid from the workers of the department using organic solvent and that of the department never using it. Total symptom score of the plant never using organic solvents was 9.8 and those of the three plants using organic solvents were 15.6, 14.7, and 13,7 respectively. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaires, the workers from two different departments of the plant in which usage of organic solvents are totally dofferemt were compared. The total symptom score was 17.8 for workers of the department using organic solvent and 13.5 for the department never using organic solvent and scores of each symptom group between exposure and non-exposure group also showed statistically significant difference. The finding that total symptom score of the exposure group increased as the duration of employment increased indirectly suggests the usefulness of the developed questionnaire to assess the health effects of chronic exposure to organic solvents. The correlation coefficient, which was calculated to evaluate the test-retest reliability, was 0.581 (p=0.001). The coefficient of Crohnbach which reflects the internal consistency of the questionnaire was 0.91. In conclusion, the reliabilty of the questionnaire was well maintained over the time lapse between the two administrations of the questionnaire and despite the seasonal difference.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1316-1324
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• 2014

신령버섯균사체(Agaricus blazei mycelia: ABM)를 대두박이 함유된 액체배지에 배양하고, 이것을 자가분해($53^{\circ}C$, pH 5.5, 120 rpm, 3 hr)하여 항암성이 강한 isoflavone-conjugated glycoprotein (Gluvone 이라 명명)을 분리하였다. Gluvone은 지금까지 알려진 당단백질과는 달리 분자량이 작고(9,400 Da), isoflavone이 결합되어 있다는 점이 다르다, Gluvone은 60% 탄수화물(glucose, fructose, ribose), 31% 단백질 및 2% isoflavone (daidzein, genistein)으로 구성되어 있었다. 이 Gluvone은 S-180 복수암세포, MCF-7 인체유선암세포에 대한 독성이 강하였고, S-180 세포로 유발한 mouse 복수암을 강하게 억제하였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2003

전통적인 향기치료제로 쓰여 온 회향, 유향 그리고 노간주를 사용하여 최근 신기술로 평가되고 있는 초임계 유체추출법을 통해 생체 조절기능을 지닌 기능성 정유 성분을 추출하였다. 기존의 SDE 추출법과 비교하여 추출수율 측면에서 비교적 높은 결과를 얻어내어 정유 추출시 장차 SDE 추출법을 대체할 신기술로 평가되었다. 추출용매를 사용해야 하는 SDE 추출법과는 달리 무색, 무취인 $CO_2$를 이용하여 정유 성분을 분리하는 초임계 추출법은 인체에 무해한 정유 성분을 얻을 수 있다는 것이 가장 큰 장점이라 사료되며, 분리된 정유 물질에 대해 성분 분석 결과 대부분이 휘발성 알코올 계열에 물질임을 확인할 수 있었다. 정유 성분들에 대한 생리활성 실험결과 항암, 항 돌연변이 그리고 신경활성이 아주 높은 것으로 나타나 aroma-theraphy로서의 가능성을 제시하였다고 사료된다. 나아가 이 정유성분에 대한 in vivo 실험을 통해 기초 의약품으로서 연구가 수행되어진다면 전통적인 치료제로서 사용된 천연물에 대한 현대적 가치부여가 가능하다고 생각된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2002

올레오레진 파프리카의 색소 안정성과 ethoxyquin의 잔류량 분석을 위하여 용매별 최대 흡수파장과 흡광도, 용매와 ethoxyquin파의 잔류량 분석 조건을 비교 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 용매별 올레오레진 파프리카의 최대 흡수파장은 444-458 nm에서 나타났으며 흡광도 값은 에탄올에서 가장 높게 나타났고 아세톤, 클로르포름, 메탄올의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 용매별 올레오레진 파프리카 추출물에서의 색가는 에탄올, 아세톤, 클로르포름 그리고 메탄올 순으로 높았으며 국가별로는 미국 제품이 용매에 따라서 다른 나라의 제품보다 2-6배 정도가 높았다. 올레오레진 파프리카에서 잔류되는 용매는 주로 아세톤, 메탄올 그리고 헥산이 일부제품에서 미량 검출되었으며 기타의 잔류용매는 검출되지 않았다 Ethoxyquin의 분석에서 GC에 의한 분석방법으로는 다양한 분석조건에서 실시하였으나 적합하지 않았다. HPLC에 의한 ethoxyquin의 분석을 위한 올레오레진 파프리카 추출물의 용해용매로 헥산을 이용한 것이 가장 분리능이 좋았으며 검출한계는 $0.01\;mgl^{-1}$이었다. 생산국별 올레오레진 파프리카에서의 ethoxyquin 검출은 미국과 스페인 제품에서 미량 검출되었으며 ethoxyquin이 검출된 제품이 검출되지 않은 제품보다 색가가 더 높게 나타났다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.542-548
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• 2008

기질유지 4종을 $170{\pm}2^{\circ}C$와 $210{\pm}2^{\circ}C$에서 가열하면서 산가, 요오드가 및 trans지방산 함량의 변화를 살펴본 결과 산가는 4종 기질유지 모두 가열시간과 가열온도의 증가에 따라 증가하였으며 항산화제를 첨가함으로써 그 증가폭은 감소되었다. 요오드가는 가열하는 시간의 증가에 따라 감소하였지만 항산화제 첨가로 감소폭이 감소하였다. 시료유지 중 올리브유의 경우 $170{\pm}2^{\circ}C$와 $210{\pm}2^{\circ}C$에서 7시간 가열 시 각각 88.7$\pm$0.6 및 89.2$\pm$0.5로 큰 차이를 보이지 않아 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. Trans지방산 생성량은 가열온도 및 시간에 따라 증가하였으며 옥배유에서 trans지방산 생성량이 가장 크게 증가되었으며, 올리브유에서 trans지방산 생성량이 가장 적어 안정된 유지인 것이 확인되었다. Catechin과 BHT의 항산화제를 첨가함으로써 $0.5{\sim}15.4$%의 trans지방산의 생성량이 감소되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, Catechin이 BHT보다 trans지방산 생성량을 감소시키는데 좀 더 효과적인 것을 알 수 있었다. 위의 결과에서 trans지방산 생성량은 옥배유> 대두유, 채종유> 올리브유의 순으로 높았으며 항산화제를 사용함으로써 trans지방산의 생성을 줄일 수가 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2009

This study was carried out to gather basic data on the restoration and extent of Don tea (a coin-shaped tea), the traditional tea of Korea. We examined the physicochemical components and anti-microbial activity of Don tea extracts at 0, 5 and 10 months. The Hunter value $L^*$, of Don tea extracts which were matured for 10 months decreased from 7.01 to 4.97 compared to that when the extracts were first manufactured. However, the $b^*$ value increased from 0.09 to 2.67. There were higher contents of inorganic matter in Don tea extracts following manufacture in the order of K (14.12 mg/100 mL), Mg (0.94 mg/100 mL), P (0.88 mg/100 mL), Ca (0.16 mg/100 mL) and Mn (0.16 mg/100 mL). Classified catechins contents were found in the order of C (19.97 mg/100 mL), EGC (9.30 mg/100 mL), ECG (9.02 mg/100 mL), GCG (8.50 mg/100 mL), GC (7.61 mg/100 mL) and CG (5.63 mg/100 mL). The longer the maturation period of the Don tea extracts, the lower the contents of inorganic matter and catechins. However, this did not apply to the total phenol contents, particularly in the phenol contents of Don tea extracts matured for 10 months which increased by 93.82 mg/l00 mL. Don tea extracts which were matured for longer periods showed higher anti-microbial activities against Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus mutans. However, there were lower activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis. Consequently, it was concluded that a shorter maturation period was required for the effective utilization of the inorganic matter, the catechins and the gram-negative bacteria in the Don tea extracts. However, a longer maturation period of 10 months was found to effectively utilize the total phenol compound contents and the gram-positive bacteria.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.453-464
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• 1999

The non-vital bleaching technique has been used widely as a very effective treatment method on discolored non-vital teeth. But periodontal tissue deterioration and cervical external root resorption have been reported because of the high toxicity of hydrogen peroxide in bleaching agents. So in previous studies, placement of base over the root canal obturation prior to bleaching has been suggested in order to prevent microleakage of bleaching agents, however, the effectiveness of base is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of base and root canal sealer on prevention of leakage of bleaching agents in non-vital bleaching. Fifty-two extracted sound teeth with single root were used. For root canal obturation, Tubuli seal$^{(R)}$(Kerr Co., USA) was used in 39 teeth and in others, AH-26$^{(R)}$(De Trey Dentsply, Inc., Switzerland) was used as a root canal sealer. 26 teeth among the teeth obturated with Tubuli seal$^{(R)}$ were divided into two groups, and Dentin cement$^{(R)}$(GC corp., Japan) and JRM$^{(R)}$(De Trey Dentsply, Inc. Germany) were used in each group as a intracanal base. In all teeth, non-vital bleaching using bleaching agent mixed with methylene blue dye was performed and all specimens were stored in $37^{\circ}C$ water bath for 72 hours. After sectioning longitudinally, the depth of dye leakage was measured with digital vernier calipers under the stereobinocular microscope using ${\times}40$ magnification. It can be concluded as follows: 1. The microleakage of bleaching agent was observed ill all groups regardless of type of the base and the sealer. 2. The microleakage in the groups using AH-26$^{(R)}$ as a sealer was significantly reduced (p<0.05). 3. In the groups with intracanal base, micro leakage was observed through almost the whole depth of the base and there was no significant difference between Dentin cement$^{(R)}$ and IRM$^{(R)}$ group(p>0.05). In conclusion, all the basing materials and the sealers in this study did not prevent the microleakage of bleaching agent. Therefore further studies and attempts to seal off the pulp chamber will be necessary.