• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2 s.30
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• pp.9-16
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• 1995

Forty four patients with Bell's palsy were treated with acupuncture from onset and clinical observation was carried on from March 1994 through Feburary 1995. Acupuncture treatment was done 3 times per week and the acupuncture points were LI4 Hapkok, ST36 Choksamni, LI20 Yonghyang, BL2 Ch'anjuk, TE17 Yep'ung, ST4 Chich'ang, ST6 Hyopko, GV26 Sugu, CV24 Sungjang, GB14 Yangbaek and Ex-HN4 Oyo. They were inserted to a depth of 0.5 to 1.0 cm. After insertion, manipulation was carried on until the patients felt strong numbness or De Qi sensation induced by rotating or twisting needles. Through-needling in lengths varying from 2.0 to 3.5 cm was also applied from ST4 Chich'ang to ST6 Hyopko, from GV26 Sugu or CV24 Sungjang to ST4 Chich'ang and from GB14 Yangbaek to Ex-HN4 Oyo. The mean age was 39.3 and 63.6% of the patients were women, including one pregnant woman. There was no recurrent palsy in this study. By applying the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading scales, patients were evaluated weekly from the first treatment to judged recovery or the 7th week of the treatment. 86.4% of the patients were recovered completely within 7 weeks and the average healing period was 3.7 weeks.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.157-171
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• 2000

Front Points are told to be deeply related with viscera and bowels in oriental medicine. Since the Front Points are treated as response zone, it can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of disease in viscera and bowels. The location of Front Points are very similar to the several response zones in western medicine. Diagnostic aspect of Front Points to several response zones were discussed in here based on many thesis and reported laboratorial experiments. Front Points are located in the same latitude of viscera and bowels. So, diagnosis result in Front Points represent condition of each organs. Palpitation of the Front Points can make diagnosis of body surface and the organ beneath the body surface. Such use of Front Points for diagnosis can used as the treatment points also. Only three Front Points (LU-1, LI-14, GB-24) in lung, liver and gall bladder meridian are located on its meridian. The Front Points of Stomach (CV-12) cross its meridian or closely located to it. Unlike to those four Front Points that are matched to its meridian, other eight Front Points do not located or cross its meridian at all. It seems that the location of Front Points are decided by the location of organs and the conditions at a certain organ do not delivered by the meridians but delivered by main collaterals, tertiary collaterals and superficial collaterals instead. Among visceral response zones, Five Front Points (CV-3, CV-4, CV-12, LI-14, GB-25) are exactly matched to Head's response zone and other Front Points are closely matched to the Head's response zone. There are five Front Points (CV-12, CV-14, CV-17, LI-14, GB-24) that are matched with the location of pressing palpitation point and other Front Points are closely located to the pressing palpitation point. So far, it was clear that the Front Points do have important role as response points. Symptoms expressed to the Front Points were delivered conditions or symptoms occur in corresponding organ and the anatomical location of Front Points were also found near the corresponding organ. Diagnostic and therapeutic application of Front Points for Organ theory and in the Interpromotion-restraint of the five elements in oriental medicine can be made in future to increase its potential.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.20-30
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of H Gambitang (GB-001) on body composition and basal metabolic rate in pre- and post-menopausal obese woman retrospectively. Methods: The study was conducted on 57 middle-aged obese women. They were divided into two groups; pre-menopausal obesity group (Pr-MOG; n=34) and post-menopausal obesity group (Po-MOG; amenorrhea was continued to 14~48 month, n=23) with no significant difference of age, height, body weight and body mass index. All subjects took herbal medicine 3 times a day, for 6 weeks during treatment period. The weight, height, body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate of all subjects were measured on first visit. The following measurements were repeated after 2 weeks (2nd), 4 weeks (3rd) and 6 weeks (4th) with Inbody 370 (Biospace) equipment to identify changes of body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate. Results are represented as mean and standard deviation. Results: Po-MOG showed significantly lower decrease rate in weight reduction on 2~6 weeks while significantly higher decrease rate in skeletal muscle reduction on 4~6 weeks. There were no significant differences between two groups in body fat reduction rate and basal metabolic increasing rate. Conclusions: H Gambitang (GB-001) can be used not only in Pr-MOG but in Po-MOG in weight loss although the effect can be lower in Po-MOG. To prevent skeletal muscle mass loss in Po-MOG, following study on adjusting dose and components of H Gambitang (GB-001) thought to be necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.40-52
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• 2018

Solid state drive (SSD) cache technologies that are used as a second-tier cache between the main memory and hard disk drive (HDD) have been widely studied. The SSD cache requires a new prefetching scheme as well as cache replacement algorithms. This paper presents a prefetching scheme for a storage-class cache using SSD. This prefetching scheme is designed for the storage-class cache and based on a long-term scheduling in contrast to the short-term prefetching in the main memory. Traditional prefetching algorithms just consider only read, but the presented prefetching scheme considers both read and write. An experimental evaluation shows 2.3% to 17.8% of hit rate with a 64GB of SSD and the 4GiB of prefetching size using an I/O trace of 14 days. The proposed prefetching scheme showed significant improvement of cache hit rate and can be easily implemented in storage-class cache systems.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.150-167
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• 2008

Purpose: This is a following study of preceding study about application and improvement of acupuncture benefits in OB & GY disease that was performed in 2007. And this study was performed to complement and compare with a preceding study. Methods: The questionnaire used in preceding survey was distributed to general korean medical doctors who have mainly worked in oriental medical clinic. And results of this survey was compared with results of preceding survey. Results: Results of two surveys were almost similar. 1. The common suitable the sick and wounded name of Ob & Gy disease thought be added in Intra-abdominal acupuncture(腹腔內; CV13 ${\cdot}$ CV16 ${\cdot}$ CV10) in two surveys were dysmenorrhea(K05). infertility(K15), JingHa(pelvic tumor) (K11). In Puncture each adjoining acu-points in one insertion(透刺; SP6-GB39)were dysmenorrhea(K05), climacteric syndrome(K04). amenorrhea (K03), In Puncture each adjoining acu-points in one insertion(透刺; PC6-TE5) were climacteric syndrome(K04), hyperemesis(K16.0), dysmenorrhea(K05). 2. The common acupuncture benefits items that postpartum pain syndrome(K29) should be added as suitable the sick and wounded name were Intra-articular acupuncture(關節內; LI15, SI10, GB30), Intervertebral acupuncture (脊椎間; GV14, 16, 6, 4, 12, 11, 9, 8, 3), Puncture each adjoining acu-points in one insertion (透刺; SP6-GB39). Conclusion: Based on this study, Survey to more KMDs should be performed. And the academic and clinical verifications that supports this results should be supplied.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.116-136
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report a 67-year-old male patient with Herpes zoster(caseI) and a 38-year-old female patient with Herpes zoster(caseII), whose symptoms were relieved after Korean medicine treatment alone. Methods : Both patients took Yeonryeonggobondan and Pyungwee-san daily. Everytime they came to the hospital, they received acupuncture treatment, Hwidam's Su-Gi therapy and External Gigong Therapy. Acupuncture was applied by gall bladder seunggyeok(膽勝格, GB-), spleen jeonggyeok(脾正格, SP+), large intestine seunggyeok(大腸勝格, LI-) of Saam's Acupuncture Method. Hwidam's Su-Gi therapy was applied on neck. External Gigong Therapy was applied on skin lesion area. the patients' symptoms were evaluated with photographs and VAS. Results : The results were as follows: 1. In the case of a 67-year-old male patient, it took 14 days to recover the skin lesions and to reduce the pain after treatment started. And he visited 13 times during that period. 2. In the case of a 38-year-old female patient, it took 23 days to recover the skin lesions to reduce and the pain after treatment started. And she visited 10 times during that period. 3. Intensive treatment early in treating herpes zoster helped to shorten the treatment period. 4. Taking Yeonryeonggobondan and Pyungwee-san and receiving acupuncture treatment(SP+) can help to improve immunity and recover skin lesions in herpes zoster diagnosed with spleen deficiency with dampness encumbrance(脾虛濕困) and blood stasis due to qi stagnation (氣滯血瘀). 5. The combination of acupuncture treatment(GB-) and External Gigong Therapy was effective in controlling pain. 6. External Gigong Therapy is considered to be effective for the recovery of the skin as well as the pain of the herpes zoster. Conclusions : Korean medicine treatment alone has a great effect on the above two patients with herpes zoster. I hope the active research about Korean medicine treatment will be done not only for herpes zoster but also for various intractable pain diseases.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.132-141
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• 2022

Objectives : Some acupoints are commonly utilized to treat a variety of diseases. The acupoints appear to have a wide range of effects caused by several mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to investigate into the potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the multipotent effects of individual acupoint stimulation. Methods : We examined the miRNA expressions in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of neuropathic or inflammatory pain rats following ST36 and GB34 electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation. Neuropathic pain was induced by L5 spinal nerve ligation. Inflammatory pain was induced by knee joint injection of Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). EA was given under gaseous anesthesia with the same parameters (1mA, 2Hz, 30 min) in 5 consecutive days. Pain behaviors and miRNA expressions were analyzed. Results : In rats with neuropathic and inflammatory pain, EA treatments significantly enhanced the paw withdrawal threshold and weight-bearing force. After nerve injury, 36 miRNAs were upregulated in the DRG of neuropathic rats, while EA downregulated 10 of them. Furthermore, 14 miRNAs were downregulated following nerve damage, while one was increased by EA. 15 miRNAs were increased in the DRG of inflammatory rats following CFA injection, while 5 were downregulated by EA. Furthermore, 17 miRNAs were downregulated following CFA injection, while 7 were increased by EA. The miRNAs rno-miR-335, rno-miR-381-5p, rno-miR-1306-3p, and rno-miR-1839-3p were regulated by EA in both models. Conclusions : In two pain models, EA applied to ST36 and GB34 regulated miRNA expression differently. There appeared to be both acupoint-specific and non-specific miRNAs, and miRNA regulation of differential protein expression may modulate a variety of EA mechanisms.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 1996

Purpose : To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerance of patients of external beam radiotherapy for carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary system (EHBS) including gall bladder (GB) and extrahepatic bile ducts (EHBD) and to define the role of radiotherapy for these tumors. Methods and Materials : We retrospectively analyzed the records of 43 patients with carcinoma of the EHBS treated with external beam radiotherapy at our institution between April, 1986 and Julr, 1994. Twenty three patients had GB cancers and remaining 20 patients did EHBD cancers. Of those 23 GB cancers, 2 had Stage II, 12 did Stage III and 9 did Stage IV disease, respectively. Male to female ratio was 11 to 12. Fifteen patients underwent radical surgery with curative intent and 8 patients did biopsy and bypass surgery alone All of the patients except for 3 patients were treated with 4500 cGy or higher doses postoperatively Follow up periods ranged from 11 to 82 months. Of those 20 EHBD cancers, one had Stage I, 2 did Stage II, 10 did Stage III and 7 did Stage IV disease, respectively. Male to female ratio was 16 to 4 Sixteen patients underwent Whipple's procedure or resection and drainage with curative aim and remaining 4 patients did bypass surgery alone Postoperatively 16 patients were irradiated with 4500 cGy or higher doses and 4 patients with 3180 to 4140 cGy Follow up periods ranged from 8 to 34 months. Results : Overall median survival time of patients with GB cancer was 11 months. Median survival time for Patients with Stage III and IV disease were 14 months and 5 months, respectively. Corresponding two rear survival rates were $36\%$(4/11) and $13\%$(1/8), respectively Those who underwent surgery with curative intent showed significantly better survival at 12 months than those who underwent bypass surgery alone($67\%$ vs $13\%$). None of the patients died of treatment related complications Median survival time for entire group of 20 EHBD patients was 10 months Median survivals of 10 Stage III and 7 Stage IV disease were 10 and 8 months, respectively. Two patients who underwent Whipple's procedure had 11 and 14 month survival and those treated with resection and drainage showed median survival of 10 month. Conclusion : Postoperative external beam radiotherapy for carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary system is well tolerated and might improve survival of patients, especially those with resectable lesions with microscopic or gross residual disease after surgery.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1119-1128
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to collect and analyze clinical studies on acupuncture therapies of Post-stroke depression, and to suggest a method on study about acupuncture therapies. In this thesis, electronic searches were performed. Also, 6 major journals associated with oriental medicine in Korea were searched manually. Through searching, 27 studies were selected and analyzed. There were 24 controlled studies and 3 non-controlled studies. Treatment methods were acupuncture, electronic-acupuncture, eye-acupuncture, abdominal-acupuncture and pharmaco-puncture. The percentages of these treatment method were 59.2%, 29.6%, 3.7%, 3.7% and 3.7%, respectively. Acupuncture points such as GV20, PC6, ST36, SP6, LV3, GV24, GV26, LI14, LI11, H7, ST40, GB20, GB34 and LI15 were used. In comparison of results before and after acupuncture treatment, there were statistically significant improvement in 26 studies. Based on the results from above, the studies on acupuncture for Post-stroke depression needs to be standardized and more appropriate high-quality study models should be introduced.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.6 s.360
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• pp.28-33
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• 2007

The front-end system having a capable of 2x reading and writing of BD-R/Ra/ROM is developed. Its readability is improved by adopting 5-tap adaptive partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) with the PR(a,b,c,d,e) type channel. Due to the proposed PRML, less than $2{\times}10^{-4}$ of the bit error rate (BER) is achieved with radial and tangential tilt margin of over${\mp}0.6{\circ}$ on 25GB disc in 2x speed. The method of an optimum Power control (OPC) for stable writing of various BD-R/RE is proposed. The developed chip contains 14-million transistors in a $60mm^2$ dies, and is fabricated in $0.18-{\mu}m$ CMOS technology.