• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.333-358
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• 2021

This study investigates consumers' purchasing behavior and perception of the low-carbon certificated agricultural product. To this end, we surveyed 1,000 consumers and the main findings are as follows. First, Even after six years of national certification, it is important to promote the low-carbon certification system due to insufficient awareness and purchase experience. Second, the certificated area is small at around 5% of the area of environment-friendly agricultural products and GAP certification, and certification is concentrated on fruit trees. Third, an appropriate level of high-priced strategy can be useful considering the cost of low-carbon certification, image management of low-carbon certificated agricultural products, and quality is the most important factor for consumers to consider when purchasing fresh agricultural products. Fourth, consumers recognized that the contribution of low carbon certification in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and preserving the environment was higher than that of environment-friendly agricultural products or GAP certification. Considering that, promotional activities linked to environment-friendly agricultural products and GAP certification may be effective when promoting low-carbon certification. Finally, the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs is implementing a carbon point system linked to Green Card to revitalize low carbon certification, but 25.7% of consumers are aware of it, and 8.4% have little experience in issuing it.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

우리나라에서 GAP인증제도가 시행된 지 10년이 지났고, 정부는 2022년까지 전체 재배면적의 25%까지 GAP인증을 취득토록 하겠다는 목표를 가지고 있다. 2017년말 기준으로 전체 재배면적의 6.3%, 전체 농가의 8.1%가 인증을 취득했는데 인증확대의 정도는 기대보다 느린 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 GAP인증 농가에 대한 설문조사와 현장점검을 통해 GAP인증의 확대가 더딘 원인을 규명하고 GAP인증의 확대를 위하여 현 제도의 문제점 분석에 따라 발전방안을 제시하고자 수행하였다. 인증농가는 농산물 안전과 위생에 대한 필요성은 인식하나 실제 현장실천방법에 대해서는 부적합 사항이 다수 존재하였다. 이는 인증기준의 모호성과 생산자에 대한 교육방법의 오류에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. GAP인증이 농가에 확대되는 속도가 느리고 소비자의 인지도가 낮은 이유는 GAP인증제도 운영의 구조적 문제로 생각되며, 이에 따른 개선방안이 필요하다. 국가주도형의 GAP인증제도를 국가주도형 민간인증제도로 전환을 할 필요가 있다. 국가는 정책, 연구 및 사후관리에 중점을 두고, 그 외 인증 및 교육, 홍보 등에 관한 실무는 출연기관 형태의 별도조직을 신설하여 담당케 할 필요가 있다. 국가는 GAP인증 확대를 위한 중장기적인 계획을 수립하여 체계적으로 수행할 필요가 있다. 우리나라의 영농 규모에 비해 지나치게 많은 인증기관은 지정기준을 강화하여 통폐합할 필요가 있으며, 인증기관의 재정 자립도와 올바른 인증업무 수행을 위하여 신청수수료를 현실화해야 한다. 또한 인증심사원의 자격기준을 강화하고 교육체계를 정비하여 양질의 심사원을 육성해야 한다. 법령 중심의 단순화된 인증기준은 실제 실천방안 중심으로 세분화할 필요가 있다. GAP인증제도의 발전적 개선을 위하여 산학관의 전문가로 구성된 위원회를 통해 밀도있는 토의가 필요하며 구체적인 발전방안을 도출하여 시행함으로써 안전안심농산물 생산을 통한 국민의 먹거리 안전성에 기여를 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2014

This paper suggests the dual-gap for generating power and increasing the torque of a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor in a hybrid-cycle. To consider easy coil winding, we applied a structure of dual-gap for the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Because the torque of PMSM with the dual-gap is very large, we are designed the appropriate specifications of the PMSM by selected the appropriate dual-gap slot and poles combination. The prototype model is selected by design theory for increasing torque and maximizing output power of PMSM. And the detailed structure design of the model was designed by the loading distribution method. The PMSM models were analyzed by finite element method. Finally, we have suggested appropriate rotor structure has benefit to further increasing torque and prevent decreasing of the output power in PMSM with dual-gap.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2015

Purpose - The distribution of agricultural products is changing due to recent shifts in environmental free trade. Specifically, the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products has weakened as a result of the Korea-China Financial Trade Agreement. Agricultural producers are faced with increasing difficulties and organized production centers are growing in importance daily. To overcome this crisis, agricultural producer organizations are vying for environment-friendly agricultural certifications, Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). In particular, as consumer demand for higher safety grows, farmers are increasing their certification rates. Therefore, this certification system is expected to help strengthen the competitiveness of agricultural producer organizations. Research design/data/methodology - Organized production centers are classified by certification. A survey was conducted with 91 organizations using factor analysis and logistic regression analysis for the examination. The factor analysis results are as follows. Raw material procurement, education·specialization, marketing, joint business, organizing ability, business management, effectiveness, certification, and larger organizations were classified as the nine types of factors. These factors affect the organized production centers and are used in the logistic regression analysis. The purpose of such research and analysis is to suggest a direction for future production center policies. Results - The basic statistical results are as follows: analysis of the producer organizations of 91 sites, average number of members per site of 1,624, and average sales of 25,961 million won. Additionally, the average income per farmer is 175 million won, and the pooling system rate is 53.5%. The factor analysis results are as follows. Factor 1 consists of contract cultivation, ongoing shipment, selection subdivision, traceability, and major retailer management. Factor 2 consists of manual cultivation, specialty selection, education program, and R&D. Factor 3 consists of advertising, various dealers, various sales strategies, and a unified sales counter. Factor 4 consists of agricultural materials co-purchase, policy support, co-shipment, and incentives. Factor 5 consists of the co-selection and pooling system. Factor 6 consists of co-branding and operating by the organization's article. Factor 7 consists of the buy-sell ratio and rate of operation of the agriculture promotion center. Factor 8 consists of bargaining power in volume and participation rate of farmer certification. Factor 9 consists of increasing new subscribers. The logistic regression analysis results are as follows. Considering the results by type of certification, the environment-friendly agricultural certification type and the GAP certification type have a (+) influence. GAP and HACCP certification types affecting the education·specialization factor have a (+) influence. Considering the results for each type of certification, the environment-friendly agricultural certification types on the effectiveness factor have (-) influence; the HACCP certification types on the organizing ability and effectiveness factor have a (-) influence. Conclusions - Agricultural producer organizations should develop plans as follows: The organizations need to secure education for agricultural production; increase the pooling system ratio for sustainable organizational development; and, finally, expand the number of agricultural producer organizations.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to propose a necessity of alternative certification for low-pesticide agricultural products (LPAP). For this, we conduct a survey consumer and distributor. Most of consumer does not aware an abolition of LPAP. After abolition, they will purchase pesticide-free, organic, conventional, GAP certificated in order. Both consumer and distributor need an alternative certification of LPAP and have willingness-to-purchase. However, it is necessary to make up for the reliability and objectivity on the alternative and to manage a poor certification. The results of this study is meaningful to distribution and consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2001년도 The Seoul International Simulation Conference
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• pp.170-202
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• 2001

Simulation is used to reduce a risk involved in the new project and decision-making in an organization and to save cost and time by forecasting different situations. The objectives of this research are to acknowledge the need of simulation through the real life sample and to encourage the use of the simulation method in the future consulting project by continuously making the necessary improvements. This research analyzed the effectiveness of the simulation based on the sample use of simulation method in 1994 and 1997 for the BPR project of certification issuance process at the Supreme Court. In order to evaluate the value of the proposed simulation model, we examined the gap, which existed between the simulation result and the operational data collected by visiting the actual sites where AROS (Automated Registry Office System: automation system developed by LG-EDS Systems) is being utilized. We also identified the causes for the existing gap. According to the analysis result, (1) the gap came from the status change of thinking that the concentration of certification issuance request has eased after the computerization, (2) the gap existed in the operational process because they failed to consider the situational factors of each registry office in the simulation model, and (3) lastly the gap came from the difficulty of formulating the mathematical model for predicting the complex and diverse behavior pattern of individuals requesting the certification issuance. In order to narrow the existing gaps, we made a proposal to improve the certification issuance process where software of certification issuance vending machine was upgraded in order to help the people to use the service conveniently, more part time workers were hared when there was a overload of certification issuance request, and the quality of the certification Issuance vending machine is improved, In this research, we examined an efficient way of resource allocation based on the simulation conducted in 1994 and 1997. By reflecting changes since the simulation of 1994 and allocating the clerk and machine based on the predicted results of the simulation, we maximized the efficiency of the certification issuance process. In conclusion, this research examined the future usability of simulation method based on the analysis result and identified the key issues to consider when using the simulation method in the future consulting project.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.557-566
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• 2014

The purpose of the study is to determine how consumers perceive certification marks for agricultural products. The study examined three agricultural product certifications, such as the certification of environment-friendly agricultural products, Good Agricultural Procuts (GAP) certification mark, and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) certification mark. A survey was utilized for data collection from adults over the age of 19 in November, 2013. A total of 390 questionnaires were distributed, and 300 of those were obtained for an analysis of the study. The results were as follows. First, consumers' awareness of, image of, and credibility on the agricultural products with the certification marks were not significantly different among the three certification marks except consumers' awareness. Second, consumers' purchase intentions for and willingness to pay for the agricultural products with the certification marks were not significantly different among the three certification marks. Third, these variables were not significantly different between buying group and non-buying group except consumers' awareness. Lastly, buying group and non-buying group were significantly different only in gender and marital status. The findings offer implications to the food and food service industry regarding consumers' purchase of certified agricultural products. Further, the study enforces the roles of food industry for environment.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2009

한국의 농업분야에는 여러 가지 인증제도가 존재한다. 그 예로 유기농산물 인증, GAP인증, KPGI인증, TOP푸르트/TOP라이스 인증 등이 있다. 이러한 인증제도는 소비자에게 안전하고 고품질의 농산물을 보장하기 위해 시행되었다. 하지만 각 인증제도가 명확한 목적을 보유함에도 불구하고 이러한 인증제도들이 소비자에게 관련정보를 수반하는데 성공적이지 못하다는 평가를 받고 있다. 그 이유로는 현존하는 몇몇의 인증제도가 오히려 소비자들을 혼란스럽게 하고 있다는 것이다. 그리고 각각의 인증제도를 별도로 유지하고 홍보하는 것은 더 많은 비용을 발생시킨다. 이 연구에서는 여러 인증제도를 활용하여 이러한 문제를 해결하고자 하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2013

As the consumers' anxiety for food increases, the interest in food safety also increases. To satisfy the public requirement on food safety, the government is trying to set up a food safety standard by using regulations and certification systems. However, there is still difficulty in building up complex traceability systems for medicinal crops including ginseng due to the low participation of farming industries. The purpose of this empirical research is to draw factors that impede the GAP adoption of ginseng farms. By comparing the average attitude and intention to adopt the ginseng farms' depending on its characteristics through a two-tailed test, it was drawn that continuous farming education can positively influence the GAP adoption of the ginseng farms.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.40-51
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• 2019

인삼은 인삼산업법이라는 독립된 법률의 적용을 받으며 4~6년간의 장기 재배기간과 이동경작이라는 독특한 재배특성이 있고 타 작물도 생산하는 복합영농의 형태를 가지고 있는 농가가 많은 점 등 일반 작물과는 생산과정과 관리방법이 다르다. 따라서 GAP기준에 적합한 인삼 생산을 위해서는 GAP인증기준 항목별로 인삼농가의 실천수준을 파악하여 미흡한 점에 대해서 실천방안을 제시할 필요가 있다. 인삼에 대하여 GAP인증을 신청한 농가의 인증 취득률은 77.6%으로 기타 농산물의 94.1% 보다 낮았다. 미등록농약의 사용이나 토양 중금속 기준치 초과 등 서류심사 단계에서 13.7%가 부적합으로 판정되었으며, 현장심사결과 관리미흡으로 인증을 취득하지 못한 경우는 8.7% 이었다. 이는 기타 농산물에서 서류심사 부적합율 5.3%와 현장심사 부적합율 0.6%에 비하여 상당히 높은 것으로 인삼에 있어서 부적합율이 높은 원인을 분석하여 부적합율을 낮추는 방안 모색이 필요하다. 전체 72개 평가항목 중 10가지 주요 필수항목인 필수+ 기준에 대해 인삼은 2.65점으로 평가되어 기타 농산물의 2.81점 보다 다소 낮게 평가되었다. 특히 인삼농가에서는 토양 및 작물 병해충관리용 농약의 안전사용기준 준수가 각각 2.01점과 1.92점으로 평가받아 기타 농산물의 2.96점과 2.94점에 비하여 상대적으로 낮아 인삼농가의 농약사용에 좀 더 많은 주의가 필요하다. 일반 필수기준인 필수기준에서도 인삼은 2.33점으로 기타 농산물의 2.58점 보다 낮게 평가되었다. 인삼이 기타 농산물에 비하여 상대적으로 낮게 평가된 항목은 영농기록의 1년 이상 보관 항목(1.98점), 품질보증 종자 사용 항목(1.31점), 토양 및 작물 병해충 관리용 농약 사용 기록 항목(1.38점과 177점), 농약보관장소 표시물(1.69점), 수확후저장장소 관리 항목(1.67점), 작업 전 후 손 세척 항목(1.00점), 작업자 위생복장 착용(1.50점) 작업자 안전위생교육 항목(0.82점), 위해요소관리계획서(1.96점) 등으로 이 항목들은 인삼농가들이 앞으로 개선을 해야 할 필요가 있다. 또한 전체 72개 항목 중 인삼에 적용되지 않는 항목이 12개 항목(필수 10개, 권장 2개)에 달한다. 따라서 기존의 인증기준으로는 인삼 생산과정에 대해 실효성 있는 평가를 하기에는 부적절한 것으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 인삼에 대한 GAP인증의 확대를 위해서는 차별화된 인증기준이 필요하며, 인삼 농가에 대한 GAP관리교육이 보다 체계적이고 현장중심으로 수행될 수 있는 프로그램의 개발이 필요하다.