• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.131-144
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• 2015

Objective : This study was conducted to investigate anti-obesity effects of mixed-Powder(Raphani Semen, Coicis Semen, Poria, Plantaginis Testa & Theae folium)(HP) & mixed water extract(Citri Pericarpium, Crataegi Fructus, Maydis Stigma, Allium Skin) (HE) in mice fed a high-fat diet. Method : 50 Female ICR mice were divided into six groups; Normal group (Ve), high-fat diet group (Po), Po+HP(0.6g/kg) group(HP), Po+HE(1g/kg) group(HE), Po+(HP+HE) group(HPE), Po+(HP+HE)*2 group(DHPE). For 8 weeks, these groups were fed their respective diets. Body weight, liver weight and weights of adipose tissues, GOT/GPT index changes & Blood Glucose index changes were measured respectively. Lipid profiles in serum were analyzed by kit of blood. Results : Groups HP, HE, HPE, DHPE had significantly reduced body weight, liver weight, adipose tissue weights and GOT/GPT index, blood glucose index compared to the Po group. Also, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, were significantly reduced when compared to the Po group. Group G1 had significantly increased high density lipoprotein levels. Conclusion : Mixed powder (HP) & mixed water extract (HE) show anti-obesity effects in mice fed a high-fat diet.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.611-614
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• 2003

The rheological properties of exopolysaccharide, p-KG03, produced by marine microalgae Gyrodinium impudicum strain KG03 had been studied. The intrinsic viscosity of this p-KG03 was calculated to 65.22 and 50.75 $d{\ell}/g$ using Huggins and Kramer equations (xanthan gum 24.41 and 24.03). Aqueous dispersions at p-KG03 concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 % (w/w) showed marked shear-thinning properties as Power-Law behavior. In aqueous dispersions of p-KG03 1.0 %, consistency index (K) and flow behavior index (n) were 2,172 and 0.52. The apparent viscosity and the influence of shear rate on different conditions as p-KG03 concentrations, pH, NaCl, $CaCl_2$ and temperature in aqueous solutions were measured. And p-KG03 had mixed with aqueous solutions of xanthan gum and gellan gum, and invested the change of mixed aqueous solution behavior.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.26-33
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• 2014

Frankincense resin was applied to Hanji to improve its physical properties. The resin-treated paper showed the increasement of physical properties such as weight, thickness, and density. The highest increasement in weight and density of resin-treated paper were found at 30% treatment concentrations and the largest values of density were $41g/m^2$ Hanji. With the increasement of concentration, the brightness was decreased and transparency was improved. Of the mechanical properties of the paper, the tensile index and burst index showed the improved values. The tear index, however, was decreased. The frankincense resin showed the highest result in the tensile index of resin-treated paper and the basis weight of $41g/m^2$ Hanji. The air resistance of the resin-treated paper got improved with the increase of the concentration and $105g/m^2$ Hanji showed the highest values. The highest improvement in air resistance may make the resin-treated Hanji possible to use for semipermeable materials.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 1999

Condition indices (Cl) are considered to be useful measurements of the nutritive and health status of bivalves although studies on Cl of bivalves are limited due to the lack of a standard formula for calculating Cl. This study attempts to generate Cl of the mussel, Mytilus coruscus inhabiting along the coastal area of Chuja Island in Cheju using three primary formulas. the formulas used in this study: (1) Cl-vol= [tissue dry weight (g) 1000] /shell cavity volume (ml). (2) Cl-wt= [tissue dry weight (g) 1000] / internal shell cavity capacity (g). (3) Cl-size= tissue wet weight (g)/[shell length (mm)]$\^$3/. Monthly condition indices calculated with the three formulas are compared using ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test and Pearson correlation coefficient. In Chuja Island M. coruscus collected ranged from 50 to 180 mm in shell length. Monthly ranges of Cl-values were 67.48 to 140.61 (Cl-vol), 74.67 to 118.02 (Cl-wt) and 1.4 10$\^$-5) to 1.6 10$\^$-5/ (Cl-size). Cl-vol values in August were higher than two Cl-values in the other months. Monthly Cl-vol was significantly different from Cl-wt and Cl-size. (p<0.05). The results of this study suggest that volumetric condition index (Cl-vol) used in this study is acceptable as a standard measure to evaluate conditions of M. coruscus.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.147-152
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• 2013

Purpose: An animal periodontitis model is essential for research on the pathogenesis and treatment of periodontal disease. In this study, we have introduced a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of a periodontal pathogen to the alveolar bone defect of experimental animals and investigated its suitability as a periodontitis model. Methods: Alveolar bone defects were made in both sides of the mandibular third premolar region of nine beagle dogs. Then, the animals were divided into the following groups: silk ligature tied on the cervical region of tooth group, Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS (P.g. LPS)-saturated collagen with silk ligature group, and no ligature or P.g. LPS application group as the control. The plaque index and gingival index were measured at 0 and 4 weeks postoperatively. The animals were then euthanized and prepared for histologic evaluation. Results: The silk ligature group and P.g. LPS with silk ligature group showed a significantly higher plaque index at 4 weeks compared to the control (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the plaque index between the silk ligature group and P.g. LPS with silk ligature group. The P.g. LPS with silk ligature group showed a significantly higher gingival index compared to the silk ligature group or the control at 4 weeks (P<0.05). Histologic examination presented increased inflammatory cell infiltration in the gingival tissue and alveolar bone of the P.g. LPS with silk ligature group. Conclusions: An additional P.g. LPS-saturated collagen with silk ligature ensured periodontal inflammation at 4 weeks. Therefore, P.g. LPS with silk ligature application to surgically created alveolar bone defects may be a candidate model for experimental periodontitis.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.211-222
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the Improvement method of Local Safety Level Index in guideline of disaster safety master plan. Method: This research will establish disaster safety management system strategy through consistency analysis of law, safety innovation master plan and international safety cities index regarding disaster safety and proposes guideline of disaster safety master plan which includes that includes regional characteristics and disaster management measures by sector. Result: Establish detailed policies applying the disaster safety master plan guideline to improve the local safety level index in 'G'-basic local government. Conclusion: In this study, basic local government will Strengthen the disaster response capacity by improving the local safety level index.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.31 no.3_4
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• pp.533-544
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• 2013

The multiplicative version of Wiener index (${\pi}$-index), proposed by Gutman et al. in 2000, is equal to the product of the distances between all pairs of vertices of a (molecular) graph G. In this paper, we first present some sharp bounds in terms of the order and other graph parameters including the diameter, degree sequence, Zagreb indices, Zagreb coindices, eccentric connectivity index and Merrifield-Simmons index for ${\pi}$-index of general connected graphs and trees, as well as a Nordhaus-Gaddum-type bound for ${\pi}$-index of connected triangle-free graphs. Then we study the behavior of ${\pi}$-index upon the case when removing a vertex or an edge from the underlying graph. Finally, we investigate the extremal properties of ${\pi}$-index within the set of trees and unicyclic graphs.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2015

The electrical insulation design for a superconducting coil system is important for developing high voltage superconducting apparatuses. Also, the degraded characteristics of superconducting tapes due to an electrical breakdown should be considered for superconducting coils design. In this study, the degradation characteristics of 2G high temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes were studied with respect to electrical breakdown tests. The degradation tests of 2G HTS tapes were performed with various stabilizer materials. The degradation characteristics of 2G HTS tapes such as critical current(Ic) and index number were observed by performing electrical breakdown tests. It was found that the characteristics such as Ic and index number can be degraded by an electrical breakdown. Moreover, it was concluded that the degradation characteristics of 2G HTS tapes were affected by a stabilizer material and applied breakdown voltage. The cross sectional view of 2G HTS tapes was observed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). As results, it is found that the degradation characteristics of 2G HTS tapes are concerned with hardness and electrical resistivity of stabilizer layers.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.553-560
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• 2017

Fluctuations in the abundance and species composition of fishes in the coastal waters of Geumo-do, Yeosu, Jeollanam-do, Korea were investigated from 2002 to 2005. A gill net with entrances on both sides was used to collect a total of 469 individuals (55,180 g) of 3 orders, 18 families, and 28 species. The dominant species was Sebastes inermis (60 individuals, 5,670 g), followed by Neoditrema ransonneti (46 individuals, 2,290 g), and Pseudaesopia japonica (38 individuals, 3,080 g). The highest number of individuals was found in 2004, while the biomass was highest in 2005. The diversity index was highest in 2004 (H'=2.703) and lowest in 2002 (H'=2.580). The dominance index was highest in 2004 (D=3.983) and lowest in 2002 (D=3.404). The richness index was highest in 2003 (RI=0.337) and lowest in 2002 (RI=0.261). Changes in temperature and salinity affected the community structure and the location of spawning grounds. The number of individuals and total biomass increased with changes in temperature and salinity each year.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.300-307
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• 2015

Seasonal variation in marine macroalgal community structure was examined at the intertidal zones of Geumgap, Jindo, Korea, from October 2013 to August 2014. In total, 56 macroalgal species were identified, including 9 green, 12 brown, and 35 red algae. Annual seaweed biomass was 548.96 g wet wt. /$m^2$ with seasonal range between 371.08 g wet wt. /$m^2$ at summer and 32.91 g wet wt. /$m^2$ at winter. The dominant seaweed in terms of biomass was Sargassum thunbergii and subdominant species were Gelidium elegans, Sargassum fusiforme, and Ishige okamurae. The vertical distribution of seaweeds from the upper to lower intertidal zones was Gloiopeltis spp., Ulva spp.- S. thunbergii, S. fusiforme, Ishige okamurae - S. thunbergii, S. fusiforme, G. elegans. Annual seaweed coverage, richness index (R), evenness index (J'), and diversity index (H') values were 27.95%, 6.10, 0.38, and 1.38, respectively. Coarsely branched form was the most dominant functional group in terms of species number and biomass among benthic macroalgal species.