• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.182-188
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• 2004

To determine the concentration of Lactoperoxidase (LPO), an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay(ELISA) was developed. Anti-LPO egg yolk immunoglobulin(IgY) was transferred to egg yolk by immunizing of Brown hens with LPO. The titer of purified anti-LPO IgY was 1: 520,000. The immunological response of anti- LPO IgY with ${\alpha}$-lactalbumin, ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin, casein and lysozyme were evaluated, resulting that the anti-LPO IgY found to be a specific antibody toward LPO and no cross-reaction was observed against ${\alpha}$-lactalbumin, ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin, casein, and lysozyme in double immunodiffusion test and ELISA test. In indirect ELISA method, coating concentration of LPO and dilution rate of anti-LPO IgY was 0.25$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL and 1:8,000 respectively. Sensitivity in the standard curve of LPO was ranged from 0.01 to 1$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL using anti-LPO IgY.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1228-1237
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• 2005

In order to predict the long-term effects of pollutants in sediment on the water quality and the improvement of water quality according to dredging operation, models applied to decide the location and the propriety of dredging were developed. At first, the area was divided into several segments and the developed model was applied to simulate the behaviors of contaminants in an aquatic environment by using estimated parameters. And then through the sensitivity analysis between parameters, the optimum values were determined. The long-term modelling in the area A forecasted that PCBs concentration in the hot spot was decreased from $3.1\;{\mu}g/L$ to $2.4\;{\mu}g/L$ in 30 years. Contaminants in sediment as a source of water pollution did not reduce remarkably in the long run. Therefore it is difficult to expect the improvement of water qualities without the fundamental isolation of contaminants from sediment. It is considered that the selective dredging in the spot improves the water quality consequently.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2010

Fuzzy c-means (FCM) is a simple but efficient clustering algorithm using the concept of a fuzzy set that has been proved to be useful in many areas. There are, however, several well known problems with FCM, such as sensitivity to initialization, sensitivity to outliers, and limitation to convex clusters. In this paper, global fuzzy c-means (G-FCM) and kernel fuzzy c-means (K-FCM) are combined to form a non-linear variant of G-FCM, called kernel global fuzzy c-means (KG-FCM). G-FCM is a variant of FCM that uses an incremental seed selection method and is effective in alleviating sensitivity to initialization. There are several approaches to reduce the influence of noise and accommodate non-convex clusters, and K-FCM is one of them. K-FCM is used in this paper because it can easily be extended with different kernels. By combining G-FCM and K-FCM, KG-FCM can resolve the shortcomings mentioned above. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated by experiments using artificial and real world data sets.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.87-102
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• 1992

A rapid, sensitive, and specific enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) for bovine casein was developed. Biotinylated casein and peroxidase-conjugated avidin were used in the assay with antibody separated from yolks of immunized hens. Caseins were biotinylated with sulfo-N-hydroxy succinimido biotin and peroxi-dase-conjugated avidin bound the biotinylated casein which became bound to immobilized anti-body on a microplate. The antibodies were specific for bovine $\alpha$- and $\beta$-caseins, and their cross-reactivities with whey proteins, IgG, and serum albumin from bovine were not detectable by ELISA and Western blot. Various sensitivities ranging from 2ng/ml to 20${\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml of casein were achieved, and were controlled by adding vanous concentrations of the biotinylated casein. Parallelism was observed between standard and sample curves. The coefficients of variation of intra-assays and inter-assays from the most sensitive assay were 5.5 and 5.7%, respectively, at the 50% displacement. Casein contents of peripaturient milk samples showed that casein secretion rapidly increased 3d prepartum.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.459-464
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• 2021

The detector performance is important role in acquiring the gamma rays from patients. Among parameters of detector performances, there is density, which relates to respond to gamma rays. Therefore, we confirm the detection efficiency according to various detector materials based on the density parameter using GATE (geant4 application for emission tomography) simulation tool. The NaI (density: 3.67 g/cm³), CZT (Cadimium Zinc Telluride) (density: 5.80 g/cm³), CdTe (Cadmium Telluride) (5.85 g/cm³), and GAGG (Gadoinium Aluminum Gallium Garnet) (density g/cm³) were used as detector materials. In addition, the point source and quadrant bar phantom, which is modeled for 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm thicknesses, were modeled to confirm the quatitative analysis using sensitivity (cps/MBq) and the full width at half maximum (FWHM, mm) at the 2.0 mm bar thickness containing visual evaluation. Based on the results, the sensitivity for NaI, CZT, CdTe, and GAGG detector materials were 0.12, 0.15, 0.16, and 0.18 cps/MBq. In addition, the FWHM for quadrant bar phantom in the 2.0 mm bar thickness is 3.72, 3.69, 3.70, and 3.73 mm for NaI, CZT, CdTe, and GAGG materials, respectively. Compared with performance of detector materials according to density, the high density can improve detection efficiency in terms of sensitivity and mean count. Among these detector materials, the GAGG material is efficient for detection of gamma rays.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2010

Purpose : We aimed to evaluate predictive parameters for non-response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) before IVIG use using two controls. Methods : We evaluated 229 consecutive KD patients who were treated with 2 g/kg of IVIG at a single center. Those who had persistent fever >24 hours after IVIG infusion made up the 23 IVIG non-responders; the first control included a total 206 defervesced cases and the second control included 46 cases that were matched for age and pre-treatment fever duration to non-responders. Results : Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in IVIG non-responders and responders at presentation. As for laboratory findings, the neutrophil differential, CRP, AST, ALT, and LDH were higher, and lymphocyte differential, total protein, albumin, platelet count, and total cholesterol were significantly lower in IVIG non-responders compared to responders by univariate analysis in both study designs. However in multivariate analysis, non-responders showed a significantly higher neutrophil differential (cutoff value, >77%, sensitivity 68.4% and specificity 79.5%) and lower cholesterol (<124 mg/dL, sensitivity 79% and specificity 70.5%). Whereas plasma albumin (<3.6 g/dL, sensitivity 73.7% and specificity 60%) was the sole laboratory parameter of non-responders in the second study design. Conclusion : Severity of inflammation in KD was reflected by higher or lower laboratory values at presentation. Because the multivariate analysis for these indices may be influenced by some confounding factors, including the numbers of patients of different ages and fever duration, other assessment modalities are needed for KD patients with the greatest risk of coronary artery lesions.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.1047-1052
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• 2004

An efficient boundary-based technique is developed for addressing shape design sensitivity analysis in supercavitating flow problem. An analytical sensitivity formula in the form of a boundary integral is derived based on the continuum formulation for a general functional defined in potential flow problems. The formula, which is expressed in terms of the boundary solutions and shape variation vectors, can be conveniently used for gradient computation in a variety of shape design in potential flow problems. While the sensitivity can be calculated independent of the analysis means, such as the finite element method (FEM) or the boundary element method (BEM), the FEM is used for the analysis in this study because of its popularity and easy-touse features. The advantage of using a boundary-based method is that the shape variation vectors are needed only on the boundary, not over the whole domain. The boundary shape variation vectors are conveniently computed by using finite perturbations of the shape geometry instead of complex analytical differentiation of the geometry functions. The supercavitating flow problem is chosen to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed methodology. Implementation issues for and optimization procedure are addressed in this flow problem.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1971

A survey meter which is used a G-M counter sensitive to beta and gamma radiation is studied. This device is completely transistorized, operated with battery, and can be read directly the 3 full-scale meter range: 2.5, 25 and 250 MR/HR respectively. The collector-coupled monostabel multivibrator consisting of a counting-rate meter circuit, and the astable blocking oscillator consisting of a dc-de converter for power supply are analyzed and derived the design dquations. To improve the resolving time of the G-M counter the device is designed to be triggered by low pulse in the order of 0.5v.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.172-182
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• 2009

This study was to analyze characteristics based on tolerance and trophic guilds and to determine the level of total mercury in tissues of sentinel species, Zacco platypus at 3 sampling sites of the Mangyeong River in 2007. Total sampled fishes were 26 species and the most dominant species was Zacco temminckii (47%). Fish community analysis was resulted that eveness index and diversity index showed low value at S1. However, diversity index and richness index at other sites showed high. According to various guilds analysis, relative abundance of sensitive species was 70% and 42% at S1 and S2, respectively. While sensitive species were decreased (1%) and tolerant species were increased (60%) at S3. It was mainly carried to the impacts of wastewater treatment plants near the location. Relative abundance of insectivore species was decreased from up (S1) to midstream area (S3). In addition, chemical water quality, based on analyses of BOD, COD, TP, TN, EC, MPN and SS concentration showed similar trends. Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI) was averaged 164, judged as "good" habitat condition. Average concentrations of total [Hg] was 146.9 ${\mu}g$ $kg^{-1}$. In the muscles of total [Hg] was the highest, and then followed by kidney, vertebrae, liver, and gills. According to FDA standards (500 ${\mu}g$ $kg^{-1}$) of Korea, total [Hg] has not affected to the individual fish health.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.277-285
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• 2000

This paper presents a very simple procedure for determining the sensitivities of the eigenpairs of damped vibratory system with distinct eigenvalues. The eigenpairs derivatives can be obtained by solving algebraic equation with a symmetric coefficient matrix whose order is (n＋1)×(n＋1), where n is the number of degree of freedom the method is an improvement of recent work by I. W. Lee, D. O. Kim and G. H. Junng; the key idea is that the eigenvalue derivatives and the eigenvector derivatives are obtained at once via only one algebraic equation, instead of using two equations separately as like in Lee and Jung's method Of course, the method preserves the advantages of Lee and Jung's method.