• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.115-120
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• 2022

The Rsussian Armed Forces(RAF) invaded Ukraine on Feburary 24. However, the Armed Forces of Ukraine(AFU) unexpectedly blocked the Russian wave attack made the war between Ukraine and Russia lengthened. Major think-tanks and military experts in the world assessed that the AFU overwhelmed the RAF at the initial stage of the war because of decentralized combats based on mission command. Especially, the decentralized small units of the AFU damaged the RAF and slowed down its Iniative. The 4^th industrial revolution makes the Korean Peninsula the multi-domain battlefield in the future; accordingly, the Decentralized combat won't be a choice, but a necessity in the future. Therefore, the AFU's offensive decentralized combats in this war Suggests many things to the Republic of Korea Army.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.54
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• pp.111-150
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• 2017

This paper examines the current situation of sources on Korean Class B and C war criminals attached as civilians to the Japanese military during the Asian Pacific War charged with cruelly treating Allied POWs in Japanese POW camps, and also explores the possibility of a joint Korean-Japanese archive of these sources. The Japanese government agreed to the judgement of war crimes by accepting the terms of the Potsdam Declaration, and the Allied troops carried out the judgement of Class B and C war crimes in each region of Asia and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (also known as the Tokyo Trials). However, many non-Japanese such as Koreans and Taiwanese from the Japanese colonies were prosecuted for war crimes. The issues of reparations and restoring their reputations were ignored by both the Korean and Japanese governments, and public access to their records restricted. Most records on Korean Class B and C war criminals were transferred from each ministry to the National Archives of Japan. The majority are copies of the judgements of war crimes by the Allied nations or records prepared for the erasure of Japanese war crimes after each department operated independently of the Japanese government. In the case of the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, such records focused mostly on their war crimes and the transfer of B and C war criminals within Japan and the diplomatic situation. In the case of Korea and Taiwan, these records were related to the negotiations on the repatriation of Class B and C war criminals. In addition, the purpose of founding of the Japan Center for Asian Historical Records and its activities demonstrate its tremendous utility as a facility for building a joint Korea-Japan colonial archive. Thus, the current flaws of the Japan Center for Asian Historical Records should be improved on in order to build a such a joint archive in the future.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.77-87
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• 2013

Mobilization is defined as a use of national authority to effectively control, manage and utilize all personnel and material resources of a nation in a national emergency situation. Therefore, the complete posture of mobilization many deter war and secure victory as well as serve as a driving force for national economy during peacetime The future of military mobilization policies will need to be developed in relation to other government and administrative departments. Also mobilization of reserve forces can increase its swiftness and effectiveness by integrating the civilian, governmental and military departments. Additionally, the mobilization of military reserve forces policy after the unification in this Peninsula will need to be developed through active researches.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.686-694
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• 2016

During the Cold War, all space developments were focused on the performance only. However economy becomes more important for space development after the Cold War. There is a growing interest in reusable launch vehicle to secure the economic feasibility. In this paper, technology development prospects and direction of reusable launch vehicles and future propulsion systems of various countries are presented.

• Experimental and Molecular Medicine
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• v.50 no.12
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• pp.3.1-3.14
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• 2018

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a pathological condition associated with osteopenia. $WNT/{\beta}$-catenin signaling is implicated in this process. Trabecular and cortical bone respond differently to $WNT/{\beta}$-catenin signaling in healthy mice. We investigated whether this signaling has different effects on trabecular and cortical bone in T1DM. We first established a streptozotocin-induced T1DM mouse model and then constitutively activated ${\beta}$-catenin in osteoblasts in the setting of T1DM (T1-CA). The extent of bone loss was greater in trabecular bone than that in cortical bone in T1DM mice, and this difference was consistent with the reduction in the expression of ${\beta}$-catenin signaling in the two bone compartments. Further experiments demonstrated that in T1DM mice, trabecular bone showed lower levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) than the levels in cortical bone, leading to lower $WNT/{\beta}$-catenin signaling activity through the inhibition of the IGF-1R/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase $3{\beta}$ ($GSK3{\beta}$) pathway. After ${\beta}$-catenin was activated in T1-CA mice, the bone mass and bone strength increased to substantially greater extents in trabecular bone than those in cortical bone. In addition, the cortical bone of the T1-CA mice displayed an unexpected increase in bone porosity, with increased bone resorption. The downregulated expression of WNT16 might be responsible for these cortical bone changes. In conclusion, we found that although the activation of $WNT/{\beta}$-catenin signaling increased the trabecular bone mass and bone strength in T1DM mice, it also increased the cortical bone porosity, impairing the bone strength. These findings should be considered in the future treatment of T1DM-related osteopenia.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.537-542
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• 2022

The "cognitive warfare," which has emerged as a result of the Ukrainian-Russian war, has already existed in the previous war and is now emerging as a major aspect of the war, its meaning and influence are increasing. Recognizing the emergence and importance of cognitive warfare and understanding the meaning and characteristics of cognitive warfare must be accompanied by victory in the modern war. After Russia's alleged involvement in the U.S. presidential election in 2016 drew attention, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in 2021 confirmed its upward influence. In particular, 'cognitive warfare' using SNS played a major role in leading the war to its advantage and maintaining the initiative by selecting clear purposes and targets such as the international community, the people, and Hamas. This new pattern of war is gradually emerging as the world is hyper connected with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It is expected that it will play a leading role in the future battle if it clearly recognizes the main contents of the new war, "Injijeon," and has the ability and ability to actively operate it.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.175-195
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• 2022

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine news articles and analyze trends and key agendas related to artificial intelligence(AI). In particular, this study tried to compare the reporting behaviors of Korea and the United States, which is considered to be a leader in the field of AI. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzed news articles using a big data method. Specifically, main agendas of the two countries were derived and compared through the keyword frequency analysis, topic modeling, and language network analysis. Findings As a result of the keyword analysis, the introduction of AI and related services were reported importantly in Korea. In the US, the war of hegemony led by giant IT companies were widely covered in the media. The main topics in Korean media were 'Strategy in the 4th Industrial Revolution Era', 'Building a Digital Platform', 'Cultivating Future human resources', 'Building AI applications', 'Introduction of Chatbot Services', 'Launching AI Speaker', and 'Alphago Match'. The main topics of US media coverage were 'The Bright and Dark Sides of Future Technology', 'The War of Technology Hegemony', 'The Future of Mobility', 'AI and Daily Life', 'Social Media and Fake News', and 'The Emergence of Robots and the Future of Jobs'. The keywords with high centrality in Korea were 'release', 'service', 'base', 'robot', 'era', and 'Baduk or Go'. In the US, they were 'Google', 'Amazon', 'Facebook', 'China', 'Car', and 'Robot'.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.6-9
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• 2006

The style of war in the $21^{st}$ century became digitalized cooperative union tactic, which relies heavily on the system providing real time information. Critical information is provided during the war from sensing to shooting. Therefore, epochal development in observation, reconnaissance (ISR), commanding (C4I) and precision strike (PGM) are necessary. Application of ubiquitous computing and network technologies in national defense is necessary for carrying out with various types of wars in the $21^{st}$ century. Therefore, the author wants to research core technology sector that can be developed and applied in preparation of ubiquitous national defense era. Also plans for applying recent u-Defense technology to the military sector had been suggested. Particularly, the author have suggested plans for utilizing combined future information technologies such as ad-hoc network, RFID for the logistic supply in construction of u-Defense system. By utilizing these information technologies, combat power and strategic capabilities of the military can be enhanced greatly.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.337-344
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• 2015

As many of armored vehicles are seriously exposed to threat of IEDs(Improvised Explosive Devices) in the Afghanistan war and the Iraq war. V-shaped military vehicles are deeply studied in order to protect crews and mounted soldiers against land mines. Generally the experiment on full-scaled V-shaped structure needs excessively high cost, which becomes a huge barrier to study. In this paper, we explore the possibility to make a half-scaled model of the V-shaped structure by using the geometric similarity scaling. We demonstrate the geometric similarity scaling between the original model and the half-scaled model is established on the momentum and deflections of structure via computer simulations and experiments. At this stage, we conduct only numerical analysis of predicting vibration of V-shaped structure because measuring vibration of structure is difficult in the mass-explosion experiment, which is remained as future work.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.32-49
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• 2004

The Tactical Data Link System is a standardized communication link to exchange and interface positional, situational information, command and control in real time. It has been evaluated that this Link would play an important role for tactical interoperability, situation awareness, and execution of joint operations in the future war. But considering the rapidly changing war situations, even though being admitted the necessity of the Tactical Data Link System of Army helicopter, one of superpowers in the Army, substantially we don't still have any concrete concept to build it. Therefore, this work presents how to embody the Tactical Data Link System through computer-aided system engineering on the base of Tactical Data Link System operating concept analysis of helicopters-ground units.