• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.98-105
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• 2020

Venturia nashicola is a fungal pathogen causing scab disease in Asian pears. It is particularly important in the Northeast Asia region where Asian pears are intensively grown. Venturia nashicola causes disease in Asian pear but not in European pear. Due to the highly restricted host range of Venturia nashicola, it is hypothesized that the small secreted proteins deployed by the pathogen are responsible for the host determination. Here we report the whole genome based phylogenetic analysis and predicted secretomes for V. nashicola isolates. We believe that our data will provide a valuable information for further validation and functional characterization of host determinants in V. nashicola.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2010

NPR1 is a positive regulator of systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis and rice. Expression of the rice gene OsNPR1 is induced by salicylic acid (SA). To identify the region of the OsNPR1 promoter involved in response to SA, we carried out deletion mutagenesis of the region 1005 bp upstream of the OsNPR1 start codon. Ciselement analysis revealed that the OsNPR1 promoter contains W-boxes and ASF1 motifs, both of which are known to be functional cis-elements of the WRKY and bZIP proteins, respectively. The deletion constructs 1005:LUC and 752:LUC, were induced by up to 4.3- and 3.8-fold, respectively, following SA treatment, suggesting that W-boxes and ASF1 motifs may play an important role in the strong induction of these constructs by SA. Using mutation analysis, we also showed that both the W-box and ASF1 motif are necessary for SA-induced expression of OsNPR1.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.4-10
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• 1996

Poly(4-morphonylphosphonate of bisphenol A) (PMPB) was synthesized by the interfacial polymerization of phosphonic dichloride, 4-morphonyl (PDCM) and bisphenol A in an aqueous-organic biphasic system. Synthesized polymer was found to be PMPB by using EA, FT-IR and $^{1}$H-NMR. Prepared PMPB had different values of molecular weight depending on the solubility in the organic phase: the higher the solubility, the higher the molecular weight. PMPB is amorphous and its thermal decomposition temperature is about 35$0^{\circ}C$. PMPB is congenial to application to polypropylene by blending because of no reaction with polypropylene.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.398-403
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• 2011

Recently, Near-infrared (NIR)colorant is intriguing and attractive but full of challenges. Although some cyanine colorant have been commercialized, near-infrared colorant with intensive NIR absorption, good chemical and photo-stability, and high solubility still remain as target compound. Certain polycyclic aromatic compounds such as quaterrylene represent a key class of NIR colorant and also give rise to outstanding physical and chemical properties after appropriate chemical modification. In this study, We have tried to introduceimide functional group to quaterrylene in order to give chemical and thermal stability. Finally, N,N'-bis (2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-quarterrylene-3,4:13,14-tetracarboximide was synthesized and evaluated its properties using $^1H$ NMR, Maldi-tof, TGA, and UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy as NIR colorant. The quaterrylene bisimide compound exhibit a excellent thermal stability and chemical stability.

• Carbon letters
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2015

Carbon fibers (CFs) have a unique combination of properties which allow them to be widely used as reinforcing materials in advanced polymer composites. The mechanical properties of CF-reinforced polymer composites are governed mainly by the quality of interfacial adhesion between the CFs and the polymer matrix. Surface treatments of CFs are generally carried out to introduce chemical functional groups on the fiber surfaces, which provide the ability to control the surface characteristics of CFs. In this study, we review recent experimental studies concerning various surface treatment methods for CFs. In addition, direct examples of the preparation and properties of CF-reinforced thermosetting composites are discussed.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 2011

The present study demonstrates the first-ever characterization of cell types that express the vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) in the taste buds of rat circumvallate papillae. We performed electron microscopy to identify the subcellular location. The VR1 immunoreactivity was associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic vesicles, and plasma membrane of taste cells. These results demonstrate the localization of the VR1 in membranous structures of the taste cells. We used double immunofluorescence histochemistry with taste cell type-specific markers to identify the cell types that express the VR1. The VR1 was detected in all functional taste cell types (Type I, Type II, and Type III cells). Together, our data suggest that the VR1 might play different roles according to the cell types within a taste bud.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2004

This paper is concerned with development of a micro tensile testing machine for optical functional materials such as single or poly crystal silicon and nickel film. Two micro tensile testers have been developed for various types of materials and dimensions. One of the testers is actuated by a PZT and the other is actuated by a servo motor for a precise displacement control. The specifications of PZT actuated micro tensile tester developed are as follows: the volumetric size of tester is desktop sized of 710$\times$200$\times$270 $mm^3$; the minimum load capacity and the load resolution in the load cell of 1N are 3 mN and 0.1 mN respectively; the full stroke and the stoke resolution of piezoelectric actuator are 1 mm and 10nm respectively. A special automatic specimen installing equipment is applied in order to prevent unexpected deformation and misalignment of specimens during handling of specimen for testing.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.68-72
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• 2020

A new method for array testing of TFT-CD panel with the integrated gate driver circuits is presented. As larger size/high resolution TFT-LCD with the peripheral driver circuits has emerged, one of the important problems for manufacturing is array testing on the panel. This paper describes the technology of detecting defective arrays and optimizing the array testing process. For the effective characterization of pixel array, the pixel storage capability is simulated and measured with voltage imaging system. This technology permits full functional testing during the manufacturing process, enabling fabrication of large TFT-LCD panels with the integrated driver circuits.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.209-212
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• 2010

• Proceedings of the Korea Crystallographic Association Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2002

Recently, nanoporous low-k materials using porogen (pore generating material) template method have gained much attraction due to the feasible advantage of dielectric constant decrease with the increase of porogen content, which is burning out and making air void by thermal curing. In nanoporous thin films, further, control of pore size and its distribution is very important to retain suitable thermal, mechanical and electrical properties. In this study, nanoporous low-k films were prepared with MTMS-BTMSE copolymer and porogen. The effect of interaction of copolymer matrix and porogen on pore size and distribution was comparatively to investigate with molecular structure and end functional group. The characterization of nanoporous thin film prepared was also performed using various techniques including NMR, GPC, Ellipsometer, FE-SEM, TGA, and FT-IR.