• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2017

A total of 340 individuals from seven duck populations were studied using 24 polymorphic microsatellite (MS) markers to identify plumage colors with genetic diversity. The estimated average number of alleles (Na), polymorphic information content (PIC) value, and expected heterozygosity (He) per locus of all populations were 11.5, 0.602, and 0.635, respectively. The calculated population genetic distance (Fst), inbreeding coefficient of individuals within duck populations (Fis), and total inbreeding among populations (Fit) were 0.135, 0.105, and 0.229, respectively. Statistical analyses for each population using 24 marker combinations, revealed that the estimated average number of effective alleles (Ne), observed heterozygosity (Ho), and fixation index of inbreeding within populations (F) were 3.129, 0.505, and 0.104, respectively. The results of genetic distance and phylogenetic analysis revealed that Korean native duck populations were clearly separated from all Bangladeshi duck populations. Moreover, all populations clustered well according to their genetic distance, but could not be clearly separated according to black and white plumage colors or plumage color pattern. The combination of these 24 MS markers can be used for discrimination and determination of the genetic diversity of native duck breeds in further investigations for conservation and special development purposes.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.213-222
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• 2014

Abnormal adaptation of the stress-response system following traumatic stress can lead to alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis that may contribute to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study used several behavioral tests to investigate the anxiolytic-like and antidepressant activity of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) in an experimental rat model of anxiety and depression induced by single prolonged stress (SPS), an animal model of PTSD. Male rats were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with vehicle or varied doses of THP 30 min prior to SPS for 8 consecutive days. Daily THP (50 mg/kg) administration significantly increased the number and duration of open arm visits in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, reduced the anxiety index, increased the risk assessment, and increased the number of head dips over the borders of the open arms after SPS. THP was also associated with increased time spent at the center of the open field, reduced grooming behaviors in the EPM test, and reduced time spent immobile in the forced swimming test (FST). It also blocked the decrease in neuropeptide Y (NPY) and the increase in corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) expression in the hypothalamus. This is the first study to determine that THP exerts pronounced anxiolytic-like and antidepressant effects on the development of the behavioral and biochemical symptoms associated with PTSD, indicating its prophylactic potential. Thus, THP reversed several behavioral impairments triggered by the traumatic stress of SPS and is a potential non-invasive therapeutic intervention for PTSD.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2008

In Korean waters, there are two color types (blue and purple) of the blue crab Portunus trituberculatus. The blue type is common, but the ratio of the purple type has increased in landings. To determine whether there were significant morphometric or genetic differences between the blue and purple types, crabs caught from the West Sea of Korea were examined. Based on covariance analysis, there were significant differences in 1 of 10 morphometric characteristics of males between the two types, in none of the ten characteristics for females. Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA fingerprinting, no specific AFLP marker was detected for each type. The heterozygosity and genetic diversity were very low. Analyses of pairwise distance, the Fst index, and genetic similarity revealed similar results, with very low genetic differentiation. Therefore, there is no significant difference between blue and purple types of the crab from the West Sea of Korea, and the two types in the West Sea can be managed as one stock.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.419-427
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• 2009

The Minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata, is the smallest baleen whale in the suborder Mysticeti. Because this species inhabits coastal areas, it became a main target species of coastal small-type whaling in the North Atlantic and the Northwest Pacific Oceans, and the species' population size dramatically decreased because of over-exploitation. As a result, the International Whaling Commission declared a global moratorium on whaling and launched the development of a management procedure for protecting the whales. Morphological studies, whaling history analysis, and genetic studies conducted mainly by Japanese scientists showed the existence of one unique "E" stock that inhabits the waters around the Korean peninsula and mixes with the "O" stock in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. We used the mitochondrial DNA control region polymorphism of 348 Minke whales bycaught or stranded in Korean waters from 30 October 1998 to 25 June 2005 to assess the whale population structure by year. The frequency of the 10 major haplotypes from the 40 identified haplotypes was not significantly different among groups, suggesting that a subpopulation was not present. A comparison of the genetic distances calculated with Tamura-Nei's method showed that the distances between groups were lower than those within groups, which suggests that there was no genetic difference in the Minke whale populations. The Fst comparison between groups and the phylogenetic tree constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and Neighbor Joining (NJ) method also detected no obvious sub-stock structure.

• 한국식품영양과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품영양과학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Food,Nutrition and Health for 21st Century
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• pp.22-37
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• 2001

Melatonin is secreted during the hours of darkness and is thought to influence the circadian and seasonal timing of a variety of physiological processes. Serotonin N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) which is found to be expressed in pineal gland, retina, and various tissues, catalyses the conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin and is known as the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of melatonin. The compounds that modulate the activity of AA-NAT can be used to treat serotonin-and melatonin-related diseases such as insomnia, depression and seasonal affective disorders (SAD). Several assay methods have been developed by which to measure AA-NAT activity. We have also developed a simple, rapid and sensitive AA-NAT assay method that takes advantage of differences in the organic solubilities between acetyl CoA and N-acetyltryptamine. We screened modulators of AA-NAT activity from the water extracts of the medicinal plants. We found MNP1005 which strongly inhibited the activity of AA-NAT ($IC_{50}$=2.2$\mu$M). Enzyme inhibitory kinetic studies revealed that MNP1005 exhibited a noncompetitive inhibition toward tryptamine. The antidepressant effect of MNP1005 was investigated on behavioral despair test so called forced swimming test (FST). MNP1005 significantly increased swimming behavior by reducing immobility with treatment of 10 mg/kg when compared to the vehicle-treated control group (P < 0.05). This suggests that MNP1005 possesses antidepressant activity. The influence of chronic MNP1005 treatment on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was examined by in situ hybridization and Northern blot. Chronic treatment of MNP1005 blocked the downregulation of BDNF mRNA in the frontal cortex and other cortex regions in response to restraint stress.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2020

본 논문은 군 위성의 지상 단말 중 하나인 운반형 위성단말의 구성품인 고출력상향주파수변환기의 설계 및 제작에 관해 기술하였다. 고출력상향주파수변환기는 물리적으로 상향변환모듈, 고출력증폭모듈, 수신대역억제필터, 기구, 케이블조립체로 구성된다. 고출력상향주파수변환기의 전기적 요구 규격인 최대 출력 전력, 이득, 불요파, 상호변조 등의 전기적 특성을 만족하기 시뮬레이터(AWR)를 이용하여 설계하였다. 최대 출력 전력, 이득 특성은 각각 43.4dBm 및 51.8dB로 측정되었고, 불요파, 상호변조 특성은 각각 -73.5dBc 및 -31.9dBc로 측정되었다. 표 1의 전기적 요구 사항 중 상기 4가지 뿐만 아니라 다른 항목에 대해서도 모두 만족함을 확인하였다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2020

본 논문은 군 위성의 지상 단말 중 하나인 운반형 위성단말의 구성품인 저잡음하향주파수변환기의 설계 및 제작에 관해 기술하였다. 저잡음하향주파수변환기는 물리적으로 하향변환모듈, 저잡음증폭모듈, 송신대역억제필터, 아이솔레이터, 기구, 케이블조립체로 구성된다. LNB의 전기적 요구 규격인 이득, 잡음특성, 불요파 등의 전기적 특성을 만족하기 시뮬레이터(AWR)를 이용하여 설계하였다. 이득, 잡음특성은 각각 61.4dB 및 1.37dB로 측정되었고, 불요파 특성은 각각 -66.79dBc로 측정되었다. 표 1의 전기적 요구 사항 중 상기 3가지 뿐만 아니라 다른 항목에 대해서도 모두 만족함을 확인하였다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2011

The Korean freshwater crayfish, Cambaroides similis, has recently suffered from range reduction and habitat degradation caused by environmental changes and water pollution. For the conservation and restoration of this species, it is necessary to understand the current population structures of Korean C. similis using estimation of their genetic variation. In this study, eight micro satellite loci were developed and characterized from 49 individuals collected from four locations: one population from Mt. Bukhan (BH) and three populations from Mt. Gwanak (GA) in Seoul, Korea. As a result, the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 12. The observed heterozygosities and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 0.833 and from 0.125 to 0.943, respectively, and the former values were significantly lower than the latter ones expected under the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant linkage disequilibrium was revealed between any of the locus pairs after Bonferroni correction. From the pairwise Fst results over all samples, higher differentiation between GA-BH population pairs (mean 0.1789) was observed than between GA population pairs (mean 0.0454). This was also supported by Mantel's test showing that the genetic distances of these crayfish populations were significantly correlated with geographic distances. This result may show the regional differentiation caused by restricted gene flow between northern (BH) and southern (GA) populations within Seoul. These micro satellite markers have the potential for use in analyses of the genetic diversity and population structure of C. similis species, with implications for its conservation and management plans.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.413-416
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• 2009

면역증진기능성 식품으로서 자작나무 수액의 개발 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 자작나무로부터 채취한 수액을 동결건조하여 이를 수컷 ICR mouse에 경구 투여한 후 탄소제거시험과 부동시간 측정을 통해 면역증진 효과를 살펴보았다. 탄소제거능 시험에서 500 mg/kg B.W.의 용량으로 자작나무 수액 동결건조물을 투여하였을 때 멸균생리식염수만을 투여한 대조군에 비해 유의성있는 (p<0.05) 탐식지수(phagocytic index)의 증가가 있었으며, 강제수영 부하시험(FST) 결과 부동시간(immobility time)은 2주간 500 mg/ kg B.W의 용량으로 시험물질을 투여한 동물에서 대조군의 부동 시간과 비교하여 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 125, 250, 500 mg/kg의 용량으로 6주간 투여한 동물에서 대조군 보다 부동 시간이 감소하였다. 특히 250, 500 mg/kg 용량 투여군에서 통계적으로 유의한(p<0.05) 부동시간의 감소가 관찰되었으며, 혈액학적 검사결과 백혈구계 세포 수의 증가를 나타내었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.411-416
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 다양한 실험모델을 활용하여 참당귀 추출물의 면역조절 효능을 평가하였다. 특히 강제수영부하실험에서 참당귀 추출물의 경구투여는 부동시간의 감소 및 신장기능 지표인 BUN 및 근육의 피로관련 생화학적 지표인 LDH 활성 조절로 체력증진 효과를 나타내는 것으로 확인하였다. T세포를 활용한 참당귀 추출물의 면역조절 효능 평가를 위하여 IL-2, IL-4 및 IFN-𝛾 mRNA 발현 변화에 대한 영향을 측정하였다. 실험결과, 참당귀 추출물은 IL-2, IL-4 및 IFN-𝛾 세포 활성물질의 생성 조절을 통하여 면역조절 효능이 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과를 통해 규명된 결과는 참당귀 추출물의 체력증진 및 면역조절을 위한 건강 기능성 제품개발에 활용 가능성을 제시하였다.