• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2004

The effect of $CO_2$ concentration (500, 3,000, $6,000{\mu}{\ell}/{\ell}$) on the mycelial growth and fruit body primordium formation of Ganoderma lucidum on nutrient agar medium was examined. Optimum $CO_2$ concentration for vegetative growth was above $3,000{\mu}{\ell}/{\ell}$. Fruit body initiation was accelerated at higher than $3,000{\mu}{\ell}/{\ell}$ $CO_2$ exposure but the maximum number and size of primordia, and primordium color were not influenced by $CO_2$ concentrations. Whereas each atypical fruiting structure forming stock culture showed different fruiting time under each concentration of $CO_2$ exposure.

• Plant Resources
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.157-160
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• 2001

The wild Pyrus plants belong to the deciduous woody plants in Rosaceae family. Most are cultivated for fruit productions, but some for ornamental plants. There are 5 Pyrus species including Pyrus ussuriensis and 8 varieties cultivated in Korea. In Korea, these plants are populated near villages or on the hills, and they are easily propagated since their fruit are very juicy and quite big in size. Plant breeding to get improved cultivars is not difficult because the Pyrus plants are easy to cross breeding among its genus. Because not only this reason but there have been shown lots of variation in wild groups, the Pyrus plants inhabited in Korea are excellent deciduous woody plants and favorable fruit trees to develop ornamental plants. It is necessary to develop many kinds of fruit trees and ornamental trees containing genetically different character, so that it will be satisfied for many different people's taste and demands. Collecting lots of wild plant resource with diverse genes is necessary for plant breeding.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2001년도 The 8th International Symposium
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• pp.15-19
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• 2001

The wild Pyrus plants belong to the deciduous woody plants in Rosaceae family. Most are cultivated for fruit productions, but some for ornamental plants. There are 5 Pyrus species including Pyrus ussuriensis and 8 varieties cultivated in Korea. In Korea, these plants are populated near villages or on the hills, and they are easily propagated since their fruit are very Juicy and quite big In size. Plant breeding to get improved cultivars Is not difficult because the Pyrus plants are easy to cross breeding among its genus. Because not only this reason but there have been shown lots of variation in wild groups, the Pyrus plants inhabited In Korea are excellent deciduous woody plants and favorable fruit trees to develop ornamental plants. It is necessary to develop many kinds of fruit trees and ornamental trees containing genetically different character, so that it will be satisfied for many different people's taste and demands Collecting lots of wild plant resource with diverse genes is necessary for plant breeding.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.77.4-77
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• 2001

The quality of agricultural products is classified with various factors which are measured and determined by destructive and/or nondestructive method. NIR spectrum analysis method is used to determine internal qualities such as a brix and an acidity. CCD color camera is used to measure external quality like color and a size of fruit. today, nondestructive methods are widely researched. The quality and the garde of fruit loaded into a cup automatically and measured in real time by camera and NIR system is determined by internal and external factors. This paper proposes modified boundary tracking algorithm which detects the contour of fruit´s color image and make chain code faster than conventional method ...

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.188-197
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to analyze daily kimchi, vegetable and fruit consumption by general characteristics and vegetable and fruit consumption from 1998 to 2012 by the Korean population based on the data of the KNHANES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study is based on the 1998-2012 KNHNES. Analysis data on 54,700 subjects aged 19 years and older were obtained from health behavior interviews and the 24-hour dietary recall method. RESULTS: Daily kimchi consumption and portion size of kimchi decreased significantly from 1998 to 2012 (adjusted P for trend < 0.0001). Meanwhile, daily consumption of both non-salted vegetable and fruit with and without kimchi did not significantly change between 1998 and 2012. Reduced consumption of kimchi, non-salted vegetable, and fruit was observed for both genders as well as daily meal episodes and cooking locations. Male and female subjects with insufficient non-salted vegetable and fruit intake were increased 1.4 times and 1.3 times, respectively, in 2012 than 1998. All subjects consumed at least 400 g/day of non-salted vegetable, fruit, and kimchi in each survey year, although they consumed insufficient amounts (< 400 g/day) of non-salted vegetable and fruit without kimchi. CONCLUSIONS: Since Koreans generally consume high amounts of fermented vegetables, including kimchi, total vegetables and fruit. Consumption of these foods by the Korean adult population reached 400 g, which is the recommended intake of the WCRF/AICR. Based on this result, it is necessary to promote consumption of kimchi in the Korean population and research the development of low sodium kimchi in the future.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.292-297
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• 2007

자연 군락으로 자라고 있는 은방울꽃 개체군의 개체 내 각 기관들간의 상호관계, 생식기관의 변화, 종자의 생산량과 개체의 크기와의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 경기도 광주시 남종면 귀여 2리에서 2002년 4월부터 8월까지 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 두 가지로 나누어 실시하였는데, 하나는 생식기관의 변화를 알아보기 위해 영구 방형구를 설치하였고, 다른 하나는 각 기관들의 상관관계와 종자생산의 에너지 분배를 파악하기 위해 채취한 시료를 실험실로 운반하여 분석하였다. 첫째, 은방울꽂 개체군의 특성에서 영구 방형구 내 개화하는 개체의 잎 장수는 평균 2장이었고, 나중에 나온 잎의 크기가 더 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 개체 당 평균 7.9개의 꽃을 피우며, 나중에는 평균 5.4개의 열매를 맺고, 평균 16.1개의 종자를 생산하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 잎의 크기, 지하부의 크기 및 생식기관의 각 속성들간에는 1% 및 5%내의 상관관계를 보였다. 셋째, 은방울꽂의 개화 시기는 4월 26일부터 5월 11일까지였으며, 이로부터 추정한 개화지속기간은 대략 $8{\sim}9$일이었다. 5월초에 개화한 개체 중 80%가 5월말에 열매로 남았고, 8월말에는 68%가 열매로 남아있었다. 넷째, 생산된 종자의 건중량은 총엽면적보다 지하부의 건중량과 더 높은 상관관계를 보였다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.382-386
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• 2010

체리는 과실성숙기 강우로 인해 해에 따라 열과가 심하게 발생하여 재배 상 문제가 되고 있어 해(2004~2007)에 따른 강우와 열과발생과의 관계와 체리 '좌등금'의 과실표면 관찰 및 과실 크기에 따른 열과반응을 알아본 결과는 다음과 같다. 과실의 열과 형태는 과경부, 과정부 및 측면 열과로 관찰되었고 발생양상은 해에 따라 다르게 나타났는데, 2004년은 과정부열과가 2005~2007년은 과경부열과가 많았다. 열과발생이 많았던 2004년(31.8%)과 2006년(28.6%)은 열과 발생이 낮았던 해에 비하여 5월 상순 강우량이 현저히 많았다. '좌등금'의 과피조직 특성중 아표피층은 유과기인 만개후 15일에는 2~3층 이었고 성숙기인 만개후 35일에는 1~2층으로 매우 얇았으며 열과가 많이 일어나는 과경부에는 큐티클층이 그리고 과정부에는 꽃이 탈락되어 생긴 코르크에서 미세균열 현상이 관찰되었다. 과실크기별 구분하여 물에 침지하였을 때 큰 과실(6g 이상)에서 작은 과실(4.5g 이하)에 비하여 열과반응 시간이 빨랐고 열과율도 높았다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.210-218
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• 2000

Since the SSC(soluble solid contents) and titratable acidity of fruit are highly concerned to the taste, the need for measuring them by non-destructive technology such as NIR(Visual and Near-infrared) spectroscopy is increasing. Specially, in order to grade the quality of each fruit with a sorter at sorting and packing facilities, technologies for online measurement satisfying the tolerance in terms of accuracy and speed should be developed. Many researches have been done to develop devices to measure the internal qualities of fruit such as SSC, titratable acidity, firmness, etc. with the VIS(Visual)/NIR(Near Infrared) reflectance spectra. The distributions of the SSC, titratable acidity, firmness, etc. are different with respect to the position and depth of fruit, and generally the VIS/NIR light can interact with fruit in a few millimeters of pathlength, and it is very difficult to measure the qualities of inner flesh of fruit. Therefore, to measure the average concentrations of each quality factor such as SSC and titratable acidity with the reflectance-type NIR devices, the spectra of fruit at several positions should be measured. Recently, the interest about the transmittance-type VIS/NIR devices is increasing. NIR light can penetrate through the fruit about 1/10-1/1,000,000 %. Therefore, very intensive light source and very sensitive sensor should be adopted to measure the transmitted light spectra of intact fruit. The ultimate purpose of this study was to develop a device to measure the transmitted light spectra of intact fruit such as apple, pear, peach, etc. With the transmittance-type VIS/NIR device, the feasibility of measurement of the SSC and titratable acidity in intact fruit cultivated in Korea was tested. The results are summarized as follows; A simple measurement device which can measure the transmitted light spectra of intact fruit was constructed with sample holder, two 500W-tungsten halogen lamps, a real-time spectrometer having a very sensitive CCD array sensor and optical fiber probe. With the device, it was possible to measure the transmitted light spectra of intact fruit such as apple, pear and peach. Main factors affecting the intensity of transmitted light spectra were the size of sample, the radiation intensity of light source and the integration time of the detector. Sample holder should be designed so that direct light leakage to the probe could be protected. Preprocessing method to the raw spectrum data significantly influenced the performance of the nondestructive measurement of SSC and titratable acidity of intact fruit. Representative results of PLS models in predicting the SSC of peach were SEP of 0.558 Brix% and R2 of 0.819, and those in predicting titratable acidity were SEP of 0.056% and R2 of 0.655.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2010

Anthers of sweet pepper $F_1$ cultivar 'Special' were cultured on Dumas De Vaulx (C medium), supplemented with $0.1mgL^{-1}$ 2, 4-D and $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ kinetin with 3% sucrose, and 0.32% phytagel. The calluses obtained were further sub-cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without growth regulators for regeneration. Regenerated plantlets were grown in plastic pots under plastic house and characterized their cytological and morphological characters in spring, 2008. Twenty percent plantlets were identified as haploid plants after chromosome and ploidy analysis. Haploid plants contained 12 chromosomes, high stomatal density with small stomatal length as compared to diploid plants. Stomatal length in haploids was 23.3% smaller than diploids. Haploid plants were characterized as small leaf and petiole size, poor vigor, thin stem and short plant height, short internodes and small flower buds, fruit size and fruit weight as compared to diploid plants and most of the haploid fruits were seedless. SP55, SP62, SP68, SP72 and SP77 are found high yielding double haploids with high total soluble content (8.6, 8.7, 9.2, 9.1 and $9.8^{\circ}Brix$, respectively) and desirable fruit shape, and recommended them to exploit as inbred lines for heterosis breeding.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권spc1호
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• pp.224-227
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• 2005

뽕나무 오디는 기능성 식품소재 및 농가의 소득을 증진시킬 수 있는 과실로서 뽕나무 묘목에 대한 일반인의 수요가 증가하고 있으나, 현재 오디생산을 위한 뽕 품종은 '대성뽕'외에 등록되어 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구는 우리나라에 유전자원으로 보존 중인 뽕나무의 결실 오디를 계통별로 채취하여 과실적 특성을 조사하고 우수한 계통을 선발함으로써, 오디 생산용 뽕 품종의 육종 효율을 높이고 품종의 조기 농가보급을 위한 기초 자료를 제공코자 하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 그루당 10kg이상 수확 가능한 계통으로서 '수성뽕', '청노상', '수원노상', '절곡조생(충북)' 4계통을 다수성 계통으로 선발하였다. 또한 단과중이 3.5g 이상인 대과형 계통과 17 Brix $\%$ 이상인 고당도 계통을 각각 5계통, 4계통 선발하였다. 공시계통 중 '절곡조생(충북)'은 단과중이 4.5g으로서 가장 높았으며, '강선'은 19.6 Brix $\%$으로 당도 함량이 가장 높았다. 2. 수량, 단과중 및 당도 값을 동시에 만족시키는 오디 생산용 우량 계통으로서 '절곡조생(충북)', '팔청시평', '강선', '수원노상', '죽천조생', '수성뽕', '당상7호', '장소상' 8계통을 선발하였다.