• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.51 no.3
• /
• pp.205-217
• /
• 2023

This study aimed to produce novel bioactive compounds from non-pathogenic pigmented wild yeasts. Culture supernatants and cell-free extracts of non-pathogenic pigmented yeast strains were prepared, and their physiological functionalities and enzyme activities were measured. Cell-free extracts from Rhodosporidium paludigenum HHGG35-1 and culture supernatants from Rhodosporidium diobovatum NMD18-1 demonstrated very high antioxidant activity (76.6%) and anti-gout xanthin oxidase inhibitory activity (86.2%), respectively. Maximal production of the antioxidants (76.9%) was obtained when Rh. Paludigenum HHGG35-1 was cultured in a yeasts extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium (pH 6.5) at 30℃ for 24 h. The xanthin oxidase inhibitor was also maximally produced (91.6%) when Rh. Diobovatum NMD18-1 was cultured at 30℃ for 96h in a YPD medium (pH 6.5). Rh. Paludigenum HHGG35-1 was oval in shape and formed ascospre. The Rh.diobovatum NMD18-1 specimen displayed dimensions of 1.6 × 1.6 ㎛ and produced ascospores; however, it did not form pseudomycelium. Both of Rh. Paludigenum HHGG35-1 and Rh. Diobovatum NMD18-1 grew well in a 40%-glucose-containing YPD medium and 10%-NaCl-containing YPD medium.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.691-697
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of using Opuntia ficus-indica as a natural health food source. To accomplish this, the contents of general and antioxidative nutrient contents of Opuntia ficus-indica were measured. The carbohydrate, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were 66.79%, 5.51%, 9.89% and 9.29%, respectively. The calorie contents of Opuntia ficusindica was 378.21 kcal. The content of total dietary fiber was 36.54%. The essential and non-essential amino acids contents were 1,635.14 mg and 3,012.68 mg, respectively. Potassium was the most abundant mineral followed by Ca, Mg, and Na, showing that Opuntia ficus-indica is an alkali material. The electron-donating activity (EDA) of Opuntia ficus-indica was 29.85~44.57%, and the activity was dependent on the sample concentration. Total phenolic content of Opuntia ficus-indica was 2.21 ${\mu}g$/mg, and total flavonoids content was estimated as 1.80 ${\mu}g$/mg. Opuntia ficus-indica extract showed the highest reducing power (OD 700=3.18) at a concentration of 6.25 mg/mL. Based on the above results, we determined that the Opuntia ficus-indica has potential antioxidant activities.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.59 no.4
• /
• pp.445-456
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the kernel characteristics of sweet corn during ripening with different sowing date. Godangok and Guseulok were sown at April 10, July 10, July 20, and July 30 in 2013. Irrespective of sowing date, fresh and dry weight of 100 kernel, starch content, crude fat content, and hardness of sweet corn kernels were significantly increased according to maturation (p<0.05). But moisture content, total sugar content, crude protein content and crude ash content of sweet corn kernels were significantly decreased according to maturation (p<0.05). The changing rates of 100 kernel weight and starch content on kernels were faster at early sowing date than at late sowing date. The moisture content of sweet corn kernels was 68~69% at optimum for harvesting. The degree of sweetness on Godangok was about 1.8 and 1.4 times higher in sowing at July 20 and July 30 than in sowing at April 10. On the other hand, the degree of sweetness was similar regardless of sowing time on Guseulok. These results will be helpful to farmers for fall-harvest sweet corn cultivation and management.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.1007-1017
• /
• 2015

This study compared the physicochemical characteristics, proximate composition, taste compound, and antioxidant properties of Sikhye prepared with berries. Proximate composition and color were significantly different depending on the type of berry, whereas crude fat content and pH were not. The highest brix degree was $18.92^{\circ}Bx$ in strawberry Sikhye. Total free sugar, glucose, and fructose contents were highest in blueberry Sikhye. Titratable acidity, total acidity, and organic acid contents were highest in raspberry Sikhye. Analysis of relative antioxidative properties indicated that bokbunja Sikhye had the highest total polyphenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents, highest DPPH radical scavenging ability, and highest reducing power and ferric reducing abilities in plasma. Principal component analysis suggests that bokbunja Sikhye has strong antioxidant and sweetness properties.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.156-161
• /
• 2011

This experiment was performed in order to define the characteristic and quality of the fruits set on primary and secondary shoots in 'Heukgoosul' grape. The numbers of flower clusters per shoot were 1.1 and 0.6 in primary shoots and secondary shoots, respectively. The fruits of primary shoot showed 12.1 g of higher berry weight than 8.9 g of the fruits set on secondary shoots. Fructose and glucose contents were significantly higher in the fruits of secondary shoots during veraison, but the levels gradually decreased, reaching a similar level with those of primary shoot at the harvest stage. The acid content decreased rapidly from day 50 after full bloom in both primary and secondary shoots, but the rate of decrease slowed down from day 70 after full bloom in secondary shoots. Berries of secondary shoots showed rapid increase of skin coloration during veraison and reached a high degree of coloration within a short period when compared with those of primary shoots.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 1992

This study was carried out in order to identify the biochemical and serological characteristics of Edwardsiella tarda isolated from cultured flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus in the east and south coast of Korea. During the year of 1990 and 1991, the number of isolated E. tarda were 131 strains. To identify the biochemical characteristics of them kinds of tests were conducted. The results represented that all the strains had the same biochemical characteristics, and their biochemical characteristics were no differences among strains. A serological analysis was carried out based on agglutination test with antiserum belonging to E. tarda serotype a (E-22), b (SU-138), c (SU-100) classfied in japan. The selected 10 isolates showed agglutinin titer of 5120-2560, 40-80 and below 40 against E. tarda serotype a, b and c, respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) profiles of cell proteins of selected 10 isolates were showed no differences in kinds and volumes of proteins among strains.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.860-866
• /
• 2000

The efforts were made to develop persimmon leaf beverages on the basis of the results of sensory evaluation. The result of sensory evaluation for the development of persimmon leaf beverages showed that when the concentration of extracts was 10%, the aroma and flavor of persimmon leaves was best. The optimum concentration of sugar was 4.5% and apple juice was 15%. The change of pH had the tendency to keep stable range(3.82-3.71) during the period of 30 days and free-sugar had little change according to the temperature and time of preservation. The preservation of the change of ascorbic acid revealed that the range of decrease in the case of preservation at $4^{\circ}C$ was a bit narrower than in the case of preservation at $25^{\circ}C$. Nonvolatile organic acids were four kinds of acids, oxalic acid, levulinic acid, malic acid, and citric acid, among which levulinic acid was on the increase for the first 10 days during the preservation period and then on the decrease regardless of the temperature of preservation. The browning of beverages was on the slight increase.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.453-465
• /
• 2018

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a species of the Brassicaceae family and an important root vegetable crop, produced worldwide. A total of 82 radish accessions with various morphological and physiological characteristics analyzed for total sugars content. These accessions includes five subspecies and classified as wild, wild-relative, traditional and improved cultivar. The four sugars, glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose, showed various contents in 82 accessions. Total sugar content ranged from 5.64 to 46.68 mg/g and showed average 25.33 mg/g. Total sugar content was not statistically significant among the five subspecies, but individual sugar ratio varied. The wild, wild-relatives and traditional cultivars were not significantly among average total sugars content compared with improved cultivars. On the other hand, the wild and traditional cultivars were showed high ratio of individual sugars. These results could be valuable information for the development of new radish cultivars and regulation of sugars biosynthesis in radish.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.634-639
• /
• 2000

This study was done to determine the changes in physicochemical components focused on the general compositions, pH, titratable acidity, organic acids, color and sugars during the microwave roasting of cocoa mass and to compare the changes with those during a conventional roasting. The cocoa mass was microwave-roasted at 110 to $150^{circ}C$ and for 10 to 40 min or conventionally roasted at $140^{circ}C$ for 30 min. General compositions of microwave-roasted cocoa mass were not different from those of raw cocoa mass or conventionally-roasted one. The pH changes did not affect the changes in titratable acidity or organic acids. Titratable acidity was different among the three samples. Microwave-roasted cocoa mass showed less sufficient effects on removing organic acids and less changes in color. Fructose, glucose and maltose decreased during a roasting but sucrose showed little changes.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.91-96
• /
• 2000

The cultural and physiological conditions for the T-2 toxin [4,15-diacetoxy-8-(3-mety1butyloxy)-12,13- epoxy-trichothec-9-en-3-01, $C_{24}H_{30}O_9$] production by Fusarium spp. were studied. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) assay and the microbiological assay uslng Rhodotomla rubra were used to quantitate tbe T- 2 toxin. Among the four strains of Fusarium spp., F tn'cinctum NRRL 3299 was best for T-2 toxin production. In solid culture, white com grit medium was best for T-2 toxm production. Temperature played a critical role in the production of T-2 toxin. T-2 toxin production was favored by long duration of low-temperature incubation. The growth and toxin production were relatively high on galactose, fructose, glucose, and sucrose media, when each was used as a sole carbon source, and relatively low on sorbitol, glycerol, and lactose media. For nitrogen sources, $NH_4^(+) and NO_3^{-}were used well as a sole nitrogen source, but $NO_2^-$ was not used. Initial pH and speed of shaker also affected the production of T-2 toxin. From temperature shifting experiment, it is clear that T-2 toxin metabolic pathway is regulated by temperature-dependent enzyme depression or enzyme induction system.